From 7df987a652b93d55dd8eca363706d3bacc469b55 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: William Harrington Date: Thu, 27 Nov 2014 16:29:31 -0600 Subject: Initial commit message for lfs live howto. --- book/about_media.html | 8 + book/aufs.html | 8 + book/bootable_iso.html | 11 + book/bootable_usb.html | 16 ++ book/building.html | 22 ++ book/building_iso.html | 95 +++++++ book/busybox.html | 60 ++++ book/ch02.html | 2 + book/ch03.html | 2 + book/ch04.html | 2 + book/ch05.html | 2 + book/ch06.html | 2 + book/ch07.html | 2 + book/ch08.html | 2 + book/ch09.html | 2 + book/ch10.html | 2 + book/ch11.html | 2 + book/essential.html | 4 + book/git.html | 3 + book/images/caution.png | Bin 0 -> 1250 bytes book/images/important.png | Bin 0 -> 722 bytes book/images/note.png | Bin 0 -> 490 bytes book/images/tip.png | Bin 0 -> 449 bytes book/images/warning.png | Bin 0 -> 1241 bytes book/index.html | 2 + book/initrd.html | 102 +++++++ book/legalnotice.html | 17 ++ book/license.html | 392 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ book/links.html | 6 + book/longindex.html | 2 + book/pt01.html | 2 + book/pt02.html | 2 + book/pt03.html | 2 + book/pt04.html | 2 + book/pt05.html | 2 + book/pt06.html | 2 + book/pt07.html | 2 + book/pt08.html | 2 + book/squashfs.html | 4 + book/stylesheets/lfs-print.css | 9 + book/stylesheets/lfs.css | 604 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ book/why.html | 4 + 42 files changed, 1405 insertions(+) create mode 100644 book/about_media.html create mode 100644 book/aufs.html create mode 100644 book/bootable_iso.html create mode 100644 book/bootable_usb.html create mode 100644 book/building.html create mode 100644 book/building_iso.html create mode 100644 book/busybox.html create mode 100644 book/ch02.html create mode 100644 book/ch03.html create mode 100644 book/ch04.html create mode 100644 book/ch05.html create mode 100644 book/ch06.html create mode 100644 book/ch07.html create mode 100644 book/ch08.html create mode 100644 book/ch09.html create mode 100644 book/ch10.html create mode 100644 book/ch11.html create mode 100644 book/essential.html create mode 100644 book/git.html create mode 100644 book/images/caution.png create mode 100644 book/images/important.png create mode 100644 book/images/note.png create mode 100644 book/images/tip.png create mode 100644 book/images/warning.png create mode 100644 book/index.html create mode 100644 book/initrd.html create mode 100644 book/legalnotice.html create mode 100644 book/license.html create mode 100644 book/links.html create mode 100644 book/longindex.html create mode 100644 book/pt01.html create mode 100644 book/pt02.html create mode 100644 book/pt03.html create mode 100644 book/pt04.html create mode 100644 book/pt05.html create mode 100644 book/pt06.html create mode 100644 book/pt07.html create mode 100644 book/pt08.html create mode 100644 book/squashfs.html create mode 100644 book/stylesheets/lfs-print.css create mode 100644 book/stylesheets/lfs.css create mode 100644 book/why.html (limited to 'book') diff --git a/book/about_media.html b/book/about_media.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..beb7020 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/about_media.html @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ + +5.1. Creating a linux Filesystem

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Chapter 5. Preparing install

5.1. Creating a linux Filesystem

[Note]

Note

The commands in the remainder of this book must be performed while logged in as user root

The rest of this chapter assumes you already installed needed packages. If it's not the case, you should go to squashfs 4.2 + You should also have configured your kernel properly, as described in Section 3.1, “Reconfiguring the Kernel” +

Now it's time to assemble our live system.

First let's define the name of our system, this name will be given to our media: cd/dvd/usbkey/usbdrive.

The cd/dvd choice will be further mentioned as the ISO live system, the usbkey, usbdrive or usbstick will be mentioned as the usb live system

export the name of our system:

export LFSLIVE=lfslive

create and export the mount point:

export LFSMOUNT=/mnt/LFS
+mkdir -pv $LFSMOUNT

If you plan to create an ISO live system, create some space to store the complete system plus some extra space. App. 1,5 times the size of the system will do, +after you reserved some space, create a link to the folder:

mount --bind <path to LFSspace> $LFSMOUNT

Or if you use a dedicated partition mount it:

mount /dev/<device> $LFSMOUNT

you can now continue with Section 8.1, “Building the ISO live system”

For use of the usb live system, it's time to create some free space on it and create partitions, just like we do in the LFS book; +Make an ext2 or ext3 file system on it and a small swap partition.

First, open the key with your favorite partitioning program, eg. cfdisk or fdisk or some other, and remove any partition already existing on it. +Then, create one primary partition on the usb stick.

You will then have to create ext2/ext3 filesystem on the partition you created, using:

mke2fs -j -L $LFSLIVE /dev/<sd?1>

Where sd?1 is the flash drive partition for the livekey

And mount it:

mount /dev/<device> $LFSMOUNT

Now that the filesystem has been set up on the usb-media, go to Section 6.1, “Building the USB live system”

diff --git a/book/aufs.html b/book/aufs.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..97dea86 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/aufs.html @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ + +2.3. aufs

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Chapter 2. packages

2.3. aufs

[Note]

Note

This chapter is mandatory for building the livecd. The livekey doesn't need it as we will show later

2.3.1. Introduction to aufs

AUFS (Another Union File System) is as the name states, an union filesystem service. It allows files and directories of separate file systems, known as branches, to be transparently overlaid, forming a single coherent file system. Contents of directories which have the same path within the merged branches will be seen together in a single merged directory, within the new, virtual filesystem.

Versioning of AUFS is parallel to the kernel version. For kernel 2.x you'll need AUFS2 and for the new kernel 3.x you'll need AUFS3.

As stated in the previous chapter, we need to checkout AUFS from GIT.

2.3.2. Checking out AUFS

Assuming we are using kernel 3.0.4:

git clone git://aufs.git.sourceforge.net/gitroot/aufs/aufs3-standalone.git aufs3-standalone.git
+cd aufs3-standalone.git
+git checkout origin/aufs3.0

2.3.3. Copying the sources

cp -r fs <location of kernel source>
+cp -r include <location of kernel source>
+cp config.mk <location of kernel source>

2.3.4. Patching the kernel

Now, cd to your kernel source top level directory and run the following command:

patch -Np1 -i <location of patch>/aufs3-base.patch 
+patch -Np1 -i <location of patch>/aufs3-kbuild.patch
+patch -Np1 -i <location of patch>/aufs3-standalone.patch

diff --git a/book/bootable_iso.html b/book/bootable_iso.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cca52fc --- /dev/null +++ b/book/bootable_iso.html @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ + +9.1. Making the ISO live system bootable

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Chapter 9. Making the ISO live system bootable

9.1. Making the ISO live system bootable

This chapter assume you use grub2 for your LFS. Issue the following to modify the file grub.cfg:

cd $LFSMOUNT
+echo 'menuentry "LFS" {' > boot/grub/grub.cfg  
+echo "   search -n -l $LFSLIVE -s" >> boot/grub/grub.cfg
+echo "        linux   /boot/lfskernel root=LABEL=$LFSLIVE quiet" >> boot/grub/grub.cfg
+echo "        initrd  /boot/initrd.gz" >> boot/grub/grub.cfg
+echo "}" >> boot/grub/grub.cfg
+

Rename kernel, according to menu.lst:

mv -v boot/lfskernel-<version> boot/lfskernel

Where <version> is your kernel version

Create our ISO::

export ISODIR=<path to the dir where you want to store your ISO>
+cd $LFSMOUNT
+grub-mkrescue -o $ISODIR/livecd.iso -V $LFSLIVE $LFSMOUNT &&
+unset ISODIR

Now, you can burn your image on a cd or dvd, and enjoy the livecd !

diff --git a/book/bootable_usb.html b/book/bootable_usb.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..13e20ad --- /dev/null +++ b/book/bootable_usb.html @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ + +7.1. Making the USB live system bootable

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Chapter 7. Making the USB live system bootable

7.1. Making the USB live system bootable

This chapter assume you use grub2 for your LFS.

Install the GRUB files into /boot/grub, assuming you are installing LFS on sda[x]:

mount --bind /dev $LFSMOUNT/dev
+mount --bind /sys $LFSMOUNT/sys
+mount --bind /proc $LFSMOUNT/proc
+chroot $LFSMOUNT
+grub-install /dev/sda
+exit
+umount $LFSMOUNT/proc
+umount $LFSMOUNT/sys
+umount $LFSMOUNT/dev

Issue the following to create the file grub.cfg:

cd $LFSMOUNT
+echo 'menuentry "LFS" {' > boot/grub/grub.cfg
+echo "   search -n -l $LFSLIVE -s" >> boot/grub/grub.cfg
+echo "        linux   /boot/lfskernel root=LABEL=$LFSLIVE quiet rootdelay=10" >> boot/grub/grub.cfg
+echo "        initrd  /boot/initrd.gz" >> boot/grub/grub.cfg
+echo "}" >> boot/grub/grub.cfg
+

Rename kernel, according to menu.lst:

mv -v boot/lfskernel-<version> boot/lfskernel

Where <version> is your kernel version

Enjoy the livekey !

diff --git a/book/building.html b/book/building.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..68b6794 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/building.html @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ + +6.1. Building the USB live system

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Chapter 6. Building the USB live system

6.1. Building the USB live system

Creating the USB live system is quite easy. Either install your LFS/BLS system on the USB media, if you used a package manager, or copy your system to the USB media:

Because you're propably running the wanted system now, let's repeat a little part of the LFS book; create the directory structure

mkdir -pv -m 755 $LFSMOUNT/{bin,boot,dev/{pts,shm},etc,home,include,lib,media,mnt,opt,proc,run,sbin,share,srv,sys,usr}
+mkdir -pv -m 755 $LFSMOUNT/var/{opt,cache,lib/{misc,locate},local,log,mail,spool} 
+install -dv -m 0750 $LFSMOUNT/root
+install -dv -m 1777 $LFSMOUNT/tmp $LFSMOUNT/var/tmp
+ln -s /run $LFSMOUNT/var/run
+ln -s /run/lock $LFSMOUNT/var/lock

Udev populates /dev so copying /dev is not necessary. However create some basic device nodes:

mknod -m 600 $LFSMOUNT/dev/console c 5 1
+mknod -m 666 $LFSMOUNT/dev/null c 1 3
+mknod $LFSMOUNT/dev/ram0 b 1 0

Now copy the system:

cp -av /bin /boot /etc /include /lib /opt /sbin /share /srv /usr $LFSMOUNT

Modify mtab and fstab in etc

echo "" > $LFSMOUNT/etc/mtab
+echo "# Begin /etc/fstab" > $LFSMOUNT/etc/fstab
+echo >> $LFSMOUNT/etc/fstab
+echo "# file system   mount-point    type    options           dump  fsck" >> $LFSMOUNT/etc/fstab
+echo "#                                                              order" >> $LFSMOUNT/etc/fstab
+echo >> $LFSMOUNT/etc/fstab
+echo "LABEL=$LFSLIVE  /              ext3    defaults          1     1" >> $LFSMOUNT/etc/fstab
+echo "proc            /proc          proc    defaults          0     0" >> $LFSMOUNT/etc/fstab
+echo "sysfs           /sys           sysfs   defaults          0     0" >> $LFSMOUNT/etc/fstab
+echo "devpts          /dev/pts       devpts  gid=4,mode=620    0     0" >> $LFSMOUNT/etc/fstab
+echo "tmpfs           /run           tmpfs   defaults          0     0" >> $LFSMOUNT/etc/fstab
+echo >> $LFSMOUNT/etc/fstab
+echo "# End /etc/fstab" >> $LFSMOUNT/etc/fstab
+

Copy our previous created initrd.gz to /boot of the media.

cp <PATH-TO-INITRD>/initrd.gz $LFSMOUNT/boot

diff --git a/book/building_iso.html b/book/building_iso.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ed16be1 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/building_iso.html @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ + +8.1. Building the ISO live system

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Chapter 8. Building the ISO live system

8.1. Building the ISO live system

As we want to put a whole system on little space, we will squash some directories to have some more free space on the cd or dvd. +

+ Before squashing, we have some work to do +

Issue the following: 

cd $LFSMOUNT

As the system won't be writable, we have to provide a directory that will be mounted on tmpfs and will, therefore, be writable to ensure a successful boot.

mkdir -v ro rw dev

Make sure you have support for loopback device in your kernel:

ls -l /dev | grep loop

You should see a few /dev/loopX, where X is a number from 0 to 7. If this is not the case, and the loopback is supported as a kernel module, try to modprobe the module and retry again:

modprobe loop
+ls -l /dev | grep loop

Create some essential files in the dev directory

mknod -m 600 dev/console c 5 1
+mknod -m 666 dev/null c 1 3
+cp -av /dev/loop[0-7] dev/
+mknod dev/ram0 b 1 0

Copy the /etc directory

cp -av /etc .

Modify some files in it

echo "" > etc/mtab
+cat > etc/fstab << "EOF"
+# Begin /etc/fstab
+
+# file system  	mount-point             type    options         	dump  fsck
+#                                                        		      order
+
+proc            /proc                   proc    defaults                0       0
+sysfs           /sys                    sysfs   defaults                0       0
+devpts          /dev/pts                devpts  gid=4,mode=620          0       0
+tmpfs           /run                    tmpfs   defaults                0       0
+usbfs           /proc/bus/usb           usbfs   devgid=14,devmode=0660  0       0
+
+# End /etc/fstab
+EOF

While booting, we will have to copy some directories in shared memory, and mount a root filesystem on it. This has to be done in the first bootscript.

8.1.1. Creating bootscript

issue the following to create a new bootscript:

cd etc/rc.d/init.d
+cat > mountrootfs << "EOF"
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# Set up variables
+
+dir_rw=/rw
+dir_ro=/ro
+
+# Source functions
+
+source /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
+
+case "$1" in
+  start)
+          
+# Mount temporary files on $dir_rw
+
+    echo "Mounting tmpfs on $dir_rw..."
+    mount -t tmpfs tmpfs $dir_rw
+    evaluate_retval
+    sleep 1
+    
+# Create essential dirs in dir_rw
+
+    mkdir $dir_rw/{dev,etc,home,media,mnt}
+    mkdir $dir_rw/{opt,root,srv,tmp,usr,var}
+
+# If you have some other dirs in $LFSMOUNT/ like sources
+# Add them to that list, eg: mkdir -v $dir_rw/sources
+    
+mount -n -t squashfs root.sqsh ro -o loop
+mount -n -t aufs -o dirs=$dir_rw/etc=rw:$dir_ro/etc=ro aufs etc
+mount -n -t aufs -o dirs=$dir_rw/usr=rw:$dir_ro/usr=ro aufs usr
+mount -n -t aufs -o dirs=$dir_rw/tmp=rw:$dir_ro/tmp=ro aufs tmp
+mount -n -t aufs -o dirs=$dir_rw/var=rw:$dir_ro/var=ro aufs var
+mount -n -t aufs -o dirs=$dir_rw/dev=rw:$dir_ro/dev=ro aufs dev
+mount -n -t aufs -o dirs=$dir_rw/home=rw:$dir_ro/home=ro aufs home
+mount -n -t aufs -o dirs=$dir_rw/media=rw:$dir_ro/media=ro aufs media
+mount -n -t aufs -o dirs=$dir_rw/mnt=rw:$dir_ro/mnt=ro aufs mnt
+mount -n -t aufs -o dirs=$dir_rw/opt=rw:$dir_ro/opt=ro aufs opt
+mount -n -t aufs -o dirs=$dir_rw/root=rw:$dir_ro/root=ro aufs root
+mount -n -t aufs -o dirs=$dir_rw/srv=rw:$dir_ro/srv=ro aufs srv
+chmod 1777 /tmp
+         
+  ;;
+  *)
+    echo "Usage: $0 {start}"
+    exit 1
+  ;;
+esac
+EOF
+chmod 0754 mountrootfs

Inspect the contents of etc/rc.d/rcS.d

ls -l ../rcS.d

You should see a list beginning with S00mountvirtfs, S02consolelog, ...

Now, issue:

cd ../rcS.d
+mv -v S00mountvirtfs S01mountvirtfs
+ln -sv ../init.d/mountrootfs S00mountrootfs
+

The live system can not be checked with fsck so remove these bootscripts

rm S30checkfs
+rm S40mountfs
+rm S45cleanfs
+

8.1.2. About the var directory

As we are just copying our system, we will need the var directory while booting. We have to remove pid and sockets file from it.

cd $LFSMOUNT
+cp -av /var .
+cd var
+rm log/*.log
+for FILE in `find . -type f -name '*pid'`
+  do rm $FILE
+done
+for FILE in `find . -type s`
+  do rm $FILE
+done
+rm -rf tmp/*
+cd $LFSMOUNT

8.1.3. Squashing directories

Create tmp, root and other directories, then squash all. When squashing, you might not want to add some file or directory. Add files to the -e option of mksquashfs if you wish.

mkdir -pv home media mnt opt proc root run srv sys tmp usr ro/{dev,etc,home,media,mnt,opt,root,srv,tmp,usr,var}
+mksquashfs dev etc /home /media mnt /opt /root /srv tmp /usr var root.sqsh -keep-as-directory -info
+rm -r var/*
+

Copy dirs that won't be squashed:

cp -av /bin /boot /lib /sbin .

Copy our previous created initrd.gz to /boot of the media.

cp <PATH-TO-INITRD>/initrd.gz $LFSMOUNT/boot

diff --git a/book/busybox.html b/book/busybox.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..adcbd96 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/busybox.html @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ + +2.4. busybox 1.19.2

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Chapter 2. packages

2.4. busybox 1.19.2

[Note]

Note

This chapter is mandatory for both the livecd and the livekey. Busybox is used in the initrd which will be discussed later in the book.

2.4.1. Introduction to busybox

Busybox is a utility that combines many common utilities in one. Although the functions provided by busybox would have limited options, in compare with the original utility, it would be often sufficient to do simple tasks. In this way you can save crucial space, like in a small initial ramdisk.

Busybox can be build staticly easily so we don't have to care about the shared libraries.

2.4.2. Building busybox

In the root of the sourcedir:

make mrproper 
+make allnoconfig

"make mrproper" will cleanup the sourcedir, previous config files etc. will be removed.

"make allnoconfig" will make a simple config file with all options disabled.

Modify the config, so that we enable only the necessary functions. Note that this can be done by "make menuconfig" but for the sake of simplicity we modify the config with sed.

sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_INSTALLER is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_INSTALLER=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_INSTALL_NO_USR is not set/CONFIG_INSTALL_NO_USR=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_LONG_OPTS is not set/CONFIG_LONG_OPTS=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_STATIC is not set/CONFIG_STATIC=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_LFS is not set/CONFIG_LFS=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_CAT is not set/CONFIG_CAT=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_TEST is not set/CONFIG_TEST=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_TEST_64 is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_TEST_64=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_CUT is not set/CONFIG_CUT=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_ECHO is not set/CONFIG_ECHO=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_FANCY_ECHO is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_FANCY_ECHO=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_SLEEP is not set/CONFIG_SLEEP=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_FANCY_SLEEP is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_FANCY_SLEEP=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_FLOAT_SLEEP is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_FLOAT_SLEEP=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_USLEEP is not set/CONFIG_USLEEP=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_MODINFO is not set/CONFIG_MODINFO=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_INSMOD is not set/CONFIG_INSMOD=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_RMMOD is not set/CONFIG_RMMOD=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_LSMOD is not set/CONFIG_LSMOD=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_MODPROBE is not set/CONFIG_MODPROBE=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_MODPROBE_BLACKLIST is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_MODPROBE_BLACKLIST=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_DEPMOD is not set/CONFIG_DEPMOD=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_INSMOD_TRY_MMAP is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_INSMOD_TRY_MMAP=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_CHECK_TAINTED_MODULE is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_CHECK_TAINTED_MODULE=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_MODUTILS_ALIAS is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_MODUTILS_ALIAS=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_MODUTILS_SYMBOLS is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_MODUTILS_SYMBOLS=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/CONFIG_DEFAULT_MODULES_DIR=""/CONFIG_DEFAULT_MODULES_DIR="\/lib\/modules"/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/CONFIG_DEFAULT_DEPMOD_FILE=""/CONFIG_DEFAULT_DEPMOD_FILE="modules.dep"/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FINDFS is not set/CONFIG_FINDFS=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_MOUNT is not set/CONFIG_MOUNT=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_MOUNT_FAKE is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_MOUNT_FAKE=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_MOUNT_LABEL is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_MOUNT_LABEL=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_MOUNT_FLAGS is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_MOUNT_FLAGS=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_SWITCH_ROOT is not set/CONFIG_SWITCH_ROOT=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_UMOUNT is not set/CONFIG_UMOUNT=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_UMOUNT_ALL is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_UMOUNT_ALL=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_MOUNT_LOOP is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_MOUNT_LOOP=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_MOUNT_LOOP_CREATE is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_MOUNT_LOOP_CREATE=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_VOLUMEID is not set/CONFIG_VOLUMEID=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_VOLUMEID_EXT is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_VOLUMEID_EXT=y/' -i .config
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_VOLUMEID_ISO9660 is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_VOLUMEID_ISO9660=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_VOLUMEID_UDF is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_VOLUMEID_UDF=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_VOLUMEID_ROMFS is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_VOLUMEID_ROMFS=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_VOLUMEID_SYSV is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_VOLUMEID_SYSV=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_ASH is not set/CONFIG_ASH=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_ASH_BASH_COMPAT is not set/CONFIG_ASH_BASH_COMPAT=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_ASH_JOB_CONTROL is not set/CONFIG_ASH_JOB_CONTROL=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_ASH_ALIAS is not set/CONFIG_ASH_ALIAS=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_ASH_GETOPTS is not set/CONFIG_ASH_GETOPTS=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_ASH_BUILTIN_ECHO is not set/CONFIG_ASH_BUILTIN_ECHO=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_ASH_BUILTIN_PRINTF is not set/CONFIG_ASH_BUILTIN_PRINTF=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_ASH_BUILTIN_TEST is not set/CONFIG_ASH_BUILTIN_TEST=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_ASH_CMDCMD is not set/CONFIG_ASH_CMDCMD=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_ASH_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE is not set/CONFIG_ASH_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_SH_IS_ASH is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_SH_IS_ASH=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/# CONFIG_FEATURE_BASH_IS_ASH is not set/CONFIG_FEATURE_BASH_IS_ASH=y/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/CONFIG_FEATURE_SH_IS_NONE=y/# CONFIG_FEATURE_SH_IS_NONE is not set/' -i .config 
+sed -e 's/CONFIG_FEATURE_BASH_IS_NONE=y/# CONFIG_FEATURE_BASH_IS_NONE is not set/' -i .config

Build the executable:

make

Now we have a static build busybox. Keep it for later use.

diff --git a/book/ch02.html b/book/ch02.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..87728e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/ch02.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Chapter 2. packages

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Part II. Needed packages

2. packages

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/ch03.html b/book/ch03.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c0177cc --- /dev/null +++ b/book/ch03.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Chapter 3. Essential step

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Part III. Reconfiguring the Linux Kernel

3. Essential step

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/ch04.html b/book/ch04.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2e1a7a7 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/ch04.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Chapter 4. initrd

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Part IV. Preparing the build

4. initrd

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/ch05.html b/book/ch05.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ba8e1c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/ch05.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Chapter 5. Preparing install

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Part IV. Preparing the build

5. Preparing install

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/ch06.html b/book/ch06.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..abd9e2c --- /dev/null +++ b/book/ch06.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Chapter 6. Building the USB live system

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Part V. the USB live system

6. Building the USB live system

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/ch07.html b/book/ch07.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cfe3aa4 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/ch07.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Chapter 7. Making the USB live system bootable

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Part V. the USB live system

7. Making the USB live system bootable

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/ch08.html b/book/ch08.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..13346d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/ch08.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Chapter 8. Building the ISO live system

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Part VI. the ISO live system

8. Building the ISO live system

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/ch09.html b/book/ch09.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6924dc6 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/ch09.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Chapter 9. Making the ISO live system bootable

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Part VI. the ISO live system

9. Making the ISO live system bootable

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/ch10.html b/book/ch10.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..691f53d --- /dev/null +++ b/book/ch10.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Chapter 10. Bibliography

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Part VII. References

10. Bibliography

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/ch11.html b/book/ch11.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..74af56b --- /dev/null +++ b/book/ch11.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Chapter 11. GNU Free Documentation License

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Part VIII. License

11. GNU Free Documentation License

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/essential.html b/book/essential.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7f6af07 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/essential.html @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + +3.1. Reconfiguring the Kernel

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Chapter 3. Essential step

3.1. Reconfiguring the Kernel

[Note]

Note

This chapter is mandatory for building the livecd. The livekey only need an new kernel if you haven't enabled support for USB,EXT2/EXT3,SCSI and initial ramdisk

After having patched your kernel sources with aufs, you will have to configure your kernel to enable the new features.

Use your favorite configuration tool, like “make menuconfig”.

[Important]

Important

As you will use your actual LFS system and maybe make a few changes in it, you should now backup your present kernel config, located in /boot/config-<kernel-version>.

Enable “Initial RAM filesystem and RAM disk (initramfs/initrd) support” in “General setup”.

If you want your live system to boot on most architectures, you will have to enable Block layer SG support v4 (in menuconfig->Enable the block layer).

In “Processor type and features”, select “386” as “Processor family”

You will have to enable loopback device support and ramdisk support in “Device Drivers->Block devices”

If you plan to build a live usb key, you will have to say yes to “USB support” and to “Support for Host-side USB”, as well as “UHCI HCD support”, “OHCI HCD support” and “EHCI HCD (USB 2.0) support”. Say yes (y) to “USB Mass Storage support” also.

You will also need “SCSI device support: SCSI disk support”.

If you plan to build a live cd or dvd, make sure you build the following modules direct into the kernel (* not m) :

*“SCSI device support->SCSI CDROM support”

*“SCSI generic support”

*“ISO 9660 CDROM file system support” in CD-ROM/DVD Filesystems

*“PATA support.”

Last, but not least, enable AUFS and SquashFS, in “File systems->Miscellaneous filesystems” +

After configuration, just build and install your kernel. +

diff --git a/book/git.html b/book/git.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9fc4d32 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/git.html @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ + +2.2. GIT

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Chapter 2. packages

2.2. GIT

[Note]

Note

This chapter is mandatory for building the livecd.

2.2.1. Introduction to GIT

GIT is a version control system, mainly used by the linux kernel maintainers, but other developers use it as well as the developers of AUFS

To download AUFS in the next chapter we need to be able to checkout the AUFS branch. So we need to install GIT first

2.2.2. Install GIT

./configure --prefix=/usr 
+make

Now install GIT as root:

make install
diff --git a/book/images/caution.png b/book/images/caution.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5b7809c Binary files /dev/null and b/book/images/caution.png differ diff --git a/book/images/important.png b/book/images/important.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..12c90f6 Binary files /dev/null and b/book/images/important.png differ diff --git a/book/images/note.png b/book/images/note.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d0c3c64 Binary files /dev/null and b/book/images/note.png differ diff --git a/book/images/tip.png b/book/images/tip.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5c4aab3 Binary files /dev/null and b/book/images/tip.png differ diff --git a/book/images/warning.png b/book/images/warning.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1c33db8 Binary files /dev/null and b/book/images/warning.png differ diff --git a/book/index.html b/book/index.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6819570 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/index.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +LFS live howto

LFS live howto

Version 0.3

JP Hauradou

Jonathan Norman

Sander van Ginkel

Copyright © 2011 JP Hauradou

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/initrd.html b/book/initrd.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d92a5ed --- /dev/null +++ b/book/initrd.html @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + +4.1.  Building the initramfs image

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Chapter 4. initrd

4.1. Building the initramfs image

[Note]

Note

This chapter is mandatory for both the livecd and the livekey.

To boot our live system, we will need an initramfs image, which will contain a couple of utilities and kernel modules, necessary to find our rootfs and mount it. +

Create a directory structure:

mkdir -p initramfs/{bin,sbin,dev/{pts,shm},etc,proc,sys,rtmnt,lib}

Copy busybox which we created in the chapter busybox 1.19.2 to the bin directory

cp <path-to-busybox-builddir>/busybox initramfs/bin

Busybox can install symlinks for the desired utilities itself, however this can be done until the init script is running. So for some utilities that we need before this stage, we need to create the symlinks our selfs.

ln -s /bin/busybox initramfs/bin/ash 
+ln -s /bin/busybox initramfs/bin/mount

We need access to some devicenodes before udev starts:

mknod initramfs/dev/null c 1 3 
+mknod initramfs/dev/tty c 5 0 
+mknod initramfs/dev/console c 5 1

Add the necessary kernel modules:

for filename in sd_mod usbcore ehci-hcd usb-storage usb-libusual uhci-hcd ext3 mbcache jbd 
+do
+	find /lib/modules/`uname -r` -name "$filename"* -exec cp -r --parents {} initramfs \;
+done

This will search for the given modules, and copy them to the initramfs

Now we need to create the initscript:

cat > initramfs/init << "EOF" 
+#!/bin/ash
+
+PATH=/bin:/sbin
+
+# Mount proc and sysfs
+
+mount -t proc none /proc 
+mount -t sysfs none /sys 
+mount -t devtmpfs none /dev
+
+# Unpack the busybox
+
+/bin/busybox --install -s
+
+# Add modules
+
+if [ -z $(ls /lib/modules/) ]; then
+
+	depmod -a
+
+	modprobe sd_mod
+	modprobe usbcore
+	modprobe ehci-hcd
+	modprobe usb-storage
+	modprobe ext3
+
+fi
+
+# Check the command line 
+
+initfile="/sbin/init"
+root=""
+
+# Check the parameterlist for rootdelay 
+
+for arg in $(cat /proc/cmdline); do
+	case $arg in
+
+	rootdelay=*)
+		dt=$(echo $arg | cut -d= -f2)
+		sleep $dt
+		;;
+	esac
+done
+
+# Check the parameterlist for UUID= and LABEL=
+
+for arg in $(cat /proc/cmdline); do
+	case $arg in
+
+	 root=*)
+		option=$(echo $arg | cut -d= -f2)
+
+		if [ $option == "LABEL" ] ; then
+			root=$(findfs LABEL=$(echo $arg | cut -d= -f3))
+		fi
+
+		if [ $option == "UUID" ] ; then
+			root=$(findfs UUID=$(echo $arg | cut -d= -f3))
+		fi
+
+		;;
+
+	init=*)
+		initfile=$(echo "$@" | cut -d "=" -f 2 )
+
+		;;
+
+	esac
+done
+
+if [ $root != "" ] ; then
+
+	mount "${root}" /rtmnt
+
+	if [[ -x "/rtmnt/${initfile}" ]] ; then
+
+		umount /dev
+		umount /sys 
+		umount /proc
+
+		exec switch_root /rtmnt "${initfile}"
+	fi
+fi
+
+# We shouldn't come here
+
+exec ash
+EOF
+chmod 0755 initramfs/init

Pack our stuff:

cd initramfs 
+find ./ | cpio -H newc -o > ../initrd 
+cd .. 
+gzip initrd

Keep our created initrd.gz for later use.

diff --git a/book/legalnotice.html b/book/legalnotice.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6301aa4 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/legalnotice.html @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ + +Legal Notice

Copyright (c) 2011, JP Hauradou

LinuxFromScratch is Copyright (c) 1999-2011, Gerard Beekmans

All rights reserved.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS + “AS IS” AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, + BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS + FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR + CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, + EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, + PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; + OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, + WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR + OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF + ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document + under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 + or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; + with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover + Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU + Free Documentation License"

diff --git a/book/license.html b/book/license.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a78368a --- /dev/null +++ b/book/license.html @@ -0,0 +1,392 @@ + +11.1. GNU Free Documentation License

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Chapter 11. GNU Free Documentation License

11.1. GNU Free Documentation License

+ Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, + Inc. 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, + Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. Everyone is permitted to copy and + distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is + not allowed. +

+ 0. PREAMBLE +

+ The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other + functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure + everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or + without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. + Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to + get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for + modifications made by others. +

+ This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of + the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements + the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for + free software. +

+ We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free + software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program + should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software + does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used + for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is + published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for + works whose purpose is instruction or reference.

+ 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS +

+ This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that + contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be + distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a + world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that work + under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below, refers to any + such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is + addressed as "you". You accept the license if you copy, modify or + distribute the work in a way requiring permission under copyright + law. +

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+ 4. MODIFICATIONS +

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+ 8. TRANSLATION +

+ Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute + translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing + Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from + their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all + Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant + Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the + license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided + that you also include the original English version of this License and the + original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a + disagreement between the translation and the original version of this + License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will prevail. +

+ If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements", + "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its + Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual title. +

+ 9. TERMINATION +

+ You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as + expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy, + modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will + automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties + who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not + have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full + compliance. +

+ 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE +

+ The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU + Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be + similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to + address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/. +

+ Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If + the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License + "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the + terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later + version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software + Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this + License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the + Free Software Foundation. +

+ ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents +

+ To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the + License in the document and put the following copyright and license + notices just after the title page: +

+ Copyright (C) YEAR YOUR NAME. +

+ Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document + under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or + any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no + Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A + copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free + Documentation License". +

+ If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, + replace the "with...Texts." line with this: +

+ with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the + Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST. +

+ If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other + combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the + situation. +

+ If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we + recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free + software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their + use in free software. +

diff --git a/book/links.html b/book/links.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ed7e44a --- /dev/null +++ b/book/links.html @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ + +10.1.  Some useful links on the web

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Chapter 10. Bibliography

10.1. Some useful links on the web

+ http://www.culmination.org/Mike/2.6-udev-nptl-bootcd.txt +

+ http://tldp.org/HOWTO/SquashFS-HOWTO/ +

diff --git a/book/longindex.html b/book/longindex.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..448a3d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/longindex.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Index

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Index

diff --git a/book/pt01.html b/book/pt01.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e7ce14e --- /dev/null +++ b/book/pt01.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Part I. Introduction

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

I. Introduction

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/pt02.html b/book/pt02.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..95c23e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/pt02.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Part II. Needed packages

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II. Needed packages

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/pt03.html b/book/pt03.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..75ef43a --- /dev/null +++ b/book/pt03.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Part III. Reconfiguring the Linux Kernel

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

III. Reconfiguring the Linux Kernel

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/pt04.html b/book/pt04.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e1892d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/pt04.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Part IV. Preparing the build

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IV. Preparing the build

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/pt05.html b/book/pt05.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3b90a8f --- /dev/null +++ b/book/pt05.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Part V. the USB live system

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V. the USB live system

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/pt06.html b/book/pt06.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..36b6100 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/pt06.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Part VI. the ISO live system

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VI. the ISO live system

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/pt07.html b/book/pt07.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cc944ac --- /dev/null +++ b/book/pt07.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Part VII. References

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VII. References

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/pt08.html b/book/pt08.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..43c3dc1 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/pt08.html @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ + +Part VIII. License

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VIII. License

Table of Contents

diff --git a/book/squashfs.html b/book/squashfs.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..aee6e1f --- /dev/null +++ b/book/squashfs.html @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + +2.1. Squashfs 4.2

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Chapter 2. packages

2.1. Squashfs 4.2

[Note]

Note

This chapter is mandatory for building the livecd. The livekey doesn't need it as we will show later

2.1.1. Introduction to Squashfs

The Squashfs package contains a highly compressed read-only filesystem for Linux.

2.1.2. Installing squashfs-tools

Assuming you are in the squashfs 4.2 source directory, install Squashfs by running the following + commands:

cd squashfs-tools && make

Then, as user root, run the following: + 

cp -v unsquashfs mksquashfs /usr/bin
diff --git a/book/stylesheets/lfs-print.css b/book/stylesheets/lfs-print.css new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cf34933 --- /dev/null +++ b/book/stylesheets/lfs-print.css @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +/* +$LastChangedBy: manuel $ +$Date: 2007-07-05 23:18:33 +0200 (jeu, 05 jui 2007) $ +*/ +@import url(lfs.css); + +.navfooter, .headerlinks { + display: none; +} diff --git a/book/stylesheets/lfs.css b/book/stylesheets/lfs.css new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a56666f --- /dev/null +++ b/book/stylesheets/lfs.css @@ -0,0 +1,604 @@ +/* +$LastChangedBy: manuel $ +$Date: 2007-07-10 21:06:15 +0200 (mar, 10 jui 2007) $ +modified by jp, on sat may 31 13:58:00 CEST 2008 +*/ +/* Global settings */ +body { + font-family: vera, verdana, tahoma, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; + text-align: left; + background: #fff; + border: 1px; + color: #222; + margin: 1em; + padding: 0; + font-size: 1em; + line-height: 1.2em +} + + +/* Links */ +a:link { color: #22b; } +a.ulink:link { font-weight: bold; color: #55f; } +a:visited { color: #7e4988 ! important; } +a:hover, a:focus { color: #d30e08 ! important; } +a:active { color: #6b77b1 ! important;} + + +/* Book titlepage */ +.book .titlepage { + background: #e5f6f1; + margin: 0px auto; + padding: 0 1em; +} + +.book hr { + background: #dbddec; + height: .3em; + border: 0px; + margin: 0 -1em; + padding: 0; +} + +div.dedication { + padding-left: 1em; +} + + +/* Sections */ +div.sect1, div.appendix { + padding-left: .3em; +} + +.package, .kernel, .installation, .commands, .testing, .configuration, .content { + padding: 0 .5em .2em 0; + margin: 0; +} + +.lfs .package { + background: #f5f6f7; + border-bottom: 0.2em solid #dbddec; + padding-top: .1em; + margin-top: 0; +} + +.lfs .configuration { + background: #fefefe; + border-top: 0.2em solid #dbddec; +} + +.lfs .content { + background: #f6f7f8; + border-top: 0.2em solid #dbddec; + padding-bottom: .1em; + margin-bottom: 0; +} + + +/* Headers */ +h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, b, .strong { + color: #000; + font-weight: bold; + line-height: 1em; +} + +h1 { + font-size: 173%; + text-align: center; +} + +.book h1 { + margin: 0; + padding: 0.4em; +} + +.preface h1, .part h1, .chapter h1, .appendix h1, .index h1, .sect1 h1 { + background: #f6f7f8; + border-bottom: .1em solid #dbddec; + margin-bottom: 1em; + margin-top: 0; + padding: .4em; +} + +.sect1 h1, .appendix h1 { + margin-left: -.2em; +} + +.wrap h1 { + background: #f6f7f8; + margin: 0; + padding: .4em; +} + +h1.title sup { + font-size: small; +} + +h2 { + font-size: 100%; +} + +.book h2.subtitle { + text-align: center; + background: #f6f7f8; + margin: 0; + padding: 0.2em; +} + +.appendix h2 { + font-size: 133%; + margin-top: .8em; + margin-bottom: 0.2em; +} + +h3 { + font-size: 120%; +} + +h4 { + font-size: 110%; +} + +.package h4, h5, h6 { + font-size: 100%; + font-style: italic; +} + + +/* Navigation */ +div.navheader, div.navfooter { + background: #ecedef; + margin: 0; + padding: 0.1em .5em; +} + +div.navheader { + border-bottom: 1px solid #dbddec; +} + +div.navfooter { + border-top: 1px solid #dbddec; +} + +div.navheader h4 { + margin-top: .4em; + margin-bottom: 0; + text-align: center; +} + +div.navheader h3 { + margin-top: .2em; + margin-bottom: 0; + text-align: center; +} + +div.navheader ul, div.navfooter ul { + padding: .2em .5em .5em 0; + margin: .5em 0; + position: relative; + background: #e5f6f1; +} + +div.navheader ul li, div.navfooter ul li { + display: inline; + width: 40%; +} + +div.navheader ul li.prev, div.navfooter ul li.prev { + position: absolute; + display: block; + left: auto; + text-align: left; + padding: 0.2em 1em; + margin-left: 6px; +} + +div.navheader ul li.next, div.navfooter ul li.next { + position: absolute; + display: block; + text-align: right; + right: 5px; + padding: 0.2em 0.5em; + margin-right: 7px; +} + +div.navheader ul li.prev p, div.navfooter ul li.prev p, +div.navheader ul li.next p, div.navfooter ul li.next p { + padding: 0; + margin: 1px 0px; +} + +div.navheader ul li.home, div.navheader ul li.up, +div.navfooter ul li.home, div.navfooter ul li.up { + text-align: center; + padding: 0; + margin: 0px auto; + display: block; + color: "grey"; +} + + +/* TOC */ +div.toc ul, div.index ul, div.navheader ul, div.navfooter ul { + list-style: none; +} + +div.toc { + padding-left: 1em; +} + +li.preface, .part li.appendix { + margin-left: 1em; +} + +div.toc h3 { + margin: 1em 0 .3em 0; +} + +li.appendix h3, li.glossary h3, li.index h3 { + margin: .5em +} + +div.toc h4 { + margin: .6em 0 .2em 0; +} + +li.chapter h4 a { + display: block; + margin-bottom: .4em +} + +.dummy { + display: block; + font-weight: bold; + font-size: 110%; + margin: .6em 0 .2em 0; +} + + +/* Index */ +.item { + float: left; + margin-right: 1em +} + +.secitem { + font-weight: normal; + float: left; + margin-right: 1em +} + +.indexref { + display: block; +} + +.item + .indexref { + margin-left: 20em; +} + +.secitem + .indexref { + margin-left: 19em; +} + + +/* Admonitions */ +div.admon img { + padding: .3em; +} + +div.admon h3 { + display: inline; + margin-left: 2em; +} + +div.admon p { + margin-left: .5em; +} + +div.admon pre { + margin: 0.5em 3em; +} + +div.note, div.tip { + background-color: #fffff6; + border: 2px solid #dbddec; + width: 90%; + margin: .5em auto; +} + +div.important, div.warning, div.caution { + background-color: #fffff6; + border: medium solid #400; + width: 90%; + margin: .5em auto; + color: #600; +} + +div.important h3, div.warning h3, div.caution h3 { + color: #900; +} + +div.important em, div.warning em, div.caution em { + color: #000; + font-weight: bold; +} + + +/* table */ +.table p.title { + text-align: center; + margin-top: 0; + margin-bottom: .3em; +} + +.table table { + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; +} + +.table table th, .table table td { + padding: 0.2em 2em 0.2em 2em; + text-align: left; +} + +.revhistory { + padding-left: 1em; +} + +.revhistory th { + line-height: 2em; + text-align: left; +} + +.revhistory td { + padding-right: 1em; +} + + +/* variablelist as table */ +.variablelist table { + width: auto; + margin: 0 1em 0 1em; +} + +.variablelist td { + vertical-align: top; +} + +.variablelist td span, td p { + margin: 0.25em; +} + + +/* variablelist as list */ +dl { + padding-left: 1em +} + +dt { + font-weight: bold; + margin-left: 1em; +} + +dd { + margin-bottom: .6em; + margin-left: 1em; +} + +dd p { + margin-top: 0; + margin-bottom: 0; + padding-top: 0; + padding-bottom: 0; +} + +div.materials dt { + display: list-item; +} + +div.materials dd { + margin-left: 0; + padding-left: 0; +} + + +/* segmentedlist */ +.appendix .segmentedlist { + padding-left: 1em; +} + +.package .seg { + margin-bottom: 0em; + margin-top: 0em; + clear: left; +} + +.content .seg { + margin-bottom: .4em; + margin-top: .4em; + clear: left; +} + +.segtitle { + float: left; +} + +.package .segbody, .appendix .segbody { + display: block; + padding-left: 14em; +} + +.content .segbody { + display: block; + padding-left: 12em; +} + + +/* itemizedlist */ +ul { + padding-left: 1em +} + +.itemizedlist ul { + margin-left: 1em +} + +.itemizedlist li ul { + margin-bottom: 1.2em; +} + +.itemizedlist li ul li p { + margin-top: .5em; + margin-bottom: .5em; +} + +.itemizedlist li ul li:first-child p:first-child { + margin-top: -.6em; +} + +ul.compact { + list-style: none; +} + +.blfs ul.compact { + list-style: disc; +} + +ul.compact li { + margin: 0em; + padding: 0em; +} + +ul.compact li p { + padding: 0.3em; + margin: 0em; +} + +.blfs ul.compact li p { + background-color: #f0fff0; +} + +/* orderedlist */ +ol { + list-style: decimal; +} + +ol ol { + list-style: lower-alpha; +} + +ol ol ol { + list-style: lower-roman; +} + +ol.compact li { + margin: 0em; + padding: 0em; +} + +ol.compact li p { + padding: 0.3em; + margin: 0em; +} + + +/* Indented blocks */ +p, blockquote { + padding-left: 1em; + padding-right: 1em; +} + + +/* Monospaced elements */ +tt, code, kbd, pre, .command { + font-family: monospace; +} + +.systemitem { + font-style: italic; +} + +pre { + background-color: #e5e5e5; + border: 1px solid #050505; + padding: .5em 1em; + margin: 0 2em .5em 2em; + font-weight: bold; +} + +pre.userinput { + color: #101310; +} + +pre.root { + color: #101310; + border: 1px solid #11a; +} + +pre.screen { + color: #000; + background-color: #e9e9e9; + font-weight: normal; +} + +.literal, .prompt { + font-weight: normal; +} + + +/* Mixed tags */ +p.usernotes { + margin-left: -1em; + font-size: small; + font-weight: bold; + font-style: italic; +} + +.underlined { + text-decoration: underline; +} + + +/* Last edited info */ +p.updated { + font-size: small; + font-weight: bold; + font-style: italic; +} + + +/* Special colored blocks */ + /* OrangeRed4 */ +.feature-ssp { + color: #8B2500; +} + + /* RoyalBlue3 */ +.feature-aslr { + color: #3A5FCD; +} + + /* NavyBlue */ +.feature-pax { + color: #000080; +} + + /* VioletRed */ +.feature-hardened_tmp { + color: #d02090; +} + + /* PaleTurquoise4 */ +.feature-warnings { + color: #668b8b; +} + + /* RosyBrown */ +.feature-misc { + color: #bc8f8f; +} + + /* Sienna*/ +.feature-blowfish { + color: #8E6B23 +} diff --git a/book/why.html b/book/why.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..75b912b --- /dev/null +++ b/book/why.html @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ + +1.1. Why this howto ?

LFS live howto - Version 0.3

Chapter 1. Before we start

1.1. Why this howto ?

After building LFS and a lot of packages from BLFS (Desktop, ...), I wondered if I could just copy my system on a dvd or a usb key, so that I could run my usual apps on some other computer. +

I found some useful documentation on the web, and decided to write this little hint. See Section 10.1, “ Some useful links on the web ”. +

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