Added a command to create an empty /etc/mtab file early in chapter 6. This

avoids testsuite failures in e2fsprogs and possibly other programs that
expect /etc/mtab to be present. Explanation from Dan Nicholson, slightly
modified.
Also merged the 'Creating Essential Symlinks' section with 'Creating passwd, 
group and log Files'.


git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/udev_update/BOOK@7494 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

4 files changed, 130 insertions, 4 deletions

diff --git a/chapter01/changelog.xml b/chapter01/changelog.xml
index 23d9098db..b0c18e1a7 100644
--- a/chapter01/changelog.xml
+++ b/chapter01/changelog.xml
@@ -37,6 +37,19 @@
 -->
 
     <listitem>
+      <para>April 8, 2006</para>
+      <itemizedlist>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>[jhuntwork] - Added a command to create an empty /etc/mtab file early
+	  in chapter 6. This avoids testsuite failures in e2fsprogs and possibly other
+	  programs that expect /etc/mtab to be present. Explanation from Dan Nicholson,
+	  slightly modified. Also merged the 'Creating Essential Symlinks' section with
+	  'Creating passwd, group and log Files'.</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </itemizedlist>
+    </listitem>
+
+    <listitem>
       <para>April 6, 2006</para>
       <itemizedlist>
         <listitem>
diff --git a/chapter06/chapter06.xml b/chapter06/chapter06.xml
index 5e85e6cb4..5715d6be9 100644
--- a/chapter06/chapter06.xml
+++ b/chapter06/chapter06.xml
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
   <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="chroot.xml"/>
   <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="creatingdirs.xml"/>
   <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="createfiles.xml"/>
-  <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="pwdgroup.xml"/>
   <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="linux-libc-headers.xml"/>
   <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="man-pages.xml"/>
   <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="glibc.xml"/>
diff --git a/chapter06/createfiles.xml b/chapter06/createfiles.xml
index ae22a241d..0cfc7596f 100644
--- a/chapter06/createfiles.xml
+++ b/chapter06/createfiles.xml
@@ -8,7 +8,31 @@
 <sect1 id="ch-system-createfiles">
   <?dbhtml filename="createfiles.html"?>
 
-  <title>Creating Essential Symlinks</title>
+  <title>Creating Essential Files and Symlinks</title>
+
+  <indexterm zone="ch-system-createfiles">
+    <primary sortas="e-/etc/passwd">/etc/passwd</primary>
+  </indexterm>
+
+  <indexterm zone="ch-system-createfiles">
+    <primary sortas="e-/etc/group">/etc/group</primary>
+  </indexterm>
+
+  <indexterm zone="ch-system-createfiles">
+    <primary sortas="e-/var/run/utmp">/var/run/utmp</primary>
+  </indexterm>
+
+  <indexterm zone="ch-system-createfiles">
+    <primary sortas="e-/var/log/btmp">/var/log/btmp</primary>
+  </indexterm>
+
+  <indexterm zone="ch-system-createfiles">
+    <primary sortas="e-/var/log/lastlog">/var/log/lastlog</primary>
+  </indexterm>
+
+  <indexterm zone="ch-system-createfiles">
+    <primary sortas="e-/var/log/wtmp">/var/log/wtmp</primary>
+  </indexterm>
 
   <para>Some programs use hard-wired paths to programs which do not exist yet. In
   order to satisfy these programs, create a number of symbolic links which will be
@@ -20,4 +44,94 @@ ln -sv /tools/bin/perl /usr/bin
 ln -sv /tools/lib/libgcc_s.so{,.1} /usr/lib
 ln -sv bash /bin/sh</userinput></screen>
 
+  <para>A proper Linux system maintains a list of the mounted file systems in
+  the file <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>.  Normally, this file would be
+  created when we mount a new file system. Since we will not be mounting any
+  file systems inside our chroot environment, create an empty file for
+  utilities that expect the presence of <filename>/etc/mtab</filename>:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>touch /etc/mtab</userinput></screen>
+
+  <para>In order for user <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> to be
+  able to login and for the name <quote>root</quote> to be recognized, there
+  must be relevant entries in the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and
+  <filename>/etc/group</filename> files.</para>
+
+  <para>Create the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file by running the following
+  command:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/passwd &lt;&lt; "EOF"
+<literal>root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash</literal>
+EOF</userinput></screen>
+
+  <para>The actual password for <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem>
+  (the <quote>x</quote> used here is just a placeholder) will be set later.</para>
+
+  <para>Create the <filename>/etc/group</filename> file by running the following
+  command:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/group &lt;&lt; "EOF"
+<literal>root:x:0:
+bin:x:1:
+sys:x:2:
+kmem:x:3:
+tty:x:4:
+tape:x:5:
+daemon:x:6:
+floppy:x:7:
+disk:x:8:
+lp:x:9:
+dialout:x:10:
+audio:x:11:
+video:x:12:
+utmp:x:13:
+usb:x:14:
+cdrom:x:15:</literal>
+EOF</userinput></screen>
+
+  <para>The created groups are not part of any standard&mdash;they are groups
+  decided on in part by the requirements of the Udev configuration in this
+  chapter, and in part by common convention employed by a number of existing
+  Linux distributions. The Linux Standard Base (LSB, available at <ulink
+  url="http://www.linuxbase.org"/>) recommends only that, besides the group
+  <systemitem class="groupname">root</systemitem> with a Group ID (GID) of 0,
+  a group <systemitem class="groupname">bin</systemitem> with a GID of 1 be
+  present. All other group names and GIDs can be chosen freely by the system
+  administrator since well-written programs do not depend on GID numbers, but
+  rather use the group's name.</para>
+
+  <para>To remove the <quote>I have no name!</quote> prompt, start a new
+  shell. Since a full Glibc was installed in <xref
+  linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> and the
+  <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename>
+  files have been created, user name and group name resolution will now
+  work.</para>
+
+<screen role="nodump"><userinput>exec /tools/bin/bash --login +h</userinput></screen>
+
+  <para>Note the use of the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive. This tells
+  <command>bash</command> not to use its internal path hashing. Without this
+  directive, <command>bash</command> would remember the paths to binaries it has
+  executed. To ensure the use of the newly compiled binaries as soon as they are
+  installed, the <parameter>+h</parameter> directive will be used for the duration
+  of this chapter.</para>
+
+  <para>The <command>login</command>, <command>agetty</command>, and
+  <command>init</command> programs (and others) use a number of log
+  files to record information such as who was logged into the system and
+  when. However, these programs will not write to the log files if they
+  do not already exist. Initialize the log files and give them
+  proper permissions:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>touch /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}
+chgrp -v utmp /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog
+chmod -v 664 /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog</userinput></screen>
+
+  <para>The <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> file records the users
+  that are currently logged in. The <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename>
+  file records all logins and logouts. The
+  <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file records when
+  each user last logged in. The <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> file
+  records the bad login attempts.</para>
+
 </sect1>
diff --git a/general.ent b/general.ent
index ca102000e..c84434982 100644
--- a/general.ent
+++ b/general.ent
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
-<!ENTITY version "udev_update-20060407">
-<!ENTITY releasedate "April 7, 2006">
+<!ENTITY version "udev_update-20060408">
+<!ENTITY releasedate "April 8, 2006">
 <!ENTITY milestone "6.2">
 <!ENTITY generic-version "udev_update"> <!-- Use "development", "testing", or "x.y[-pre{x}]" -->