Merge r7314:7324, in order to bring the branch up to date with trunk

git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/udev_update/BOOK@7326 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

1 files changed, 296 insertions, 228 deletions

diff --git a/chapter06/binutils.xml b/chapter06/binutils.xml
index 7c25fe1f9..59a0f0ca4 100644
--- a/chapter06/binutils.xml
+++ b/chapter06/binutils.xml
@@ -1,268 +1,336 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
-<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
+<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
+  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
   <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
   %general-entities;
 ]>
+
 <sect1 id="ch-system-binutils" role="wrap">
-<title>Binutils-&binutils-version;</title>
-<?dbhtml filename="binutils.html"?>
+  <?dbhtml filename="binutils.html"?>
+
+  <title>Binutils-&binutils-version;</title>
+
+  <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils">
+    <primary sortas="a-Binutils">Binutils</primary>
+  </indexterm>
+
+  <sect2 role="package">
+    <title/>
+
+    <para>The Binutils package contains a linker, an assembler, and other
+    tools for handling object files.</para>
 
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils"><primary sortas="a-Binutils">Binutils</primary></indexterm>
+    <segmentedlist>
+      <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
+      <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
 
-<sect2 role="package"><title/>
-<para>The Binutils package contains a linker, an assembler, and other tools for
-handling object files.</para>
+      <seglistitem>
+        <seg>1.3 SBU</seg>
+        <seg>158 MB</seg>
+      </seglistitem>
+    </segmentedlist>
 
-<segmentedlist>
-<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
-<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
-<seglistitem><seg>1.3 SBU</seg><seg>158 MB</seg></seglistitem>
-</segmentedlist>
+    <segmentedlist>
+      <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
 
-<segmentedlist>
-<segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
-<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Coreutils, Diffutils, GCC, Gettext,
-Glibc, Grep, M4, Make, Perl, Sed, and Texinfo</seg></seglistitem>
-</segmentedlist>
-</sect2>
+      <seglistitem>
+        <seg>Bash, Coreutils, Diffutils, GCC, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, M4,
+        Make, Perl, Sed, and Texinfo</seg>
+      </seglistitem>
+    </segmentedlist>
 
-<sect2 role="installation">
-<title>Installation of Binutils</title>
+  </sect2>
 
-<para>Verify that the PTYs are working properly inside the chroot
-environment. Check that everything is set up correctly by performing a
-simple test:</para>
+  <sect2 role="installation">
+    <title>Installation of Binutils</title>
+
+    <para>Verify that the PTYs are working properly inside the chroot
+    environment. Check that everything is set up correctly by performing a
+    simple test:</para>
 
 <screen><userinput>expect -c "spawn ls"</userinput></screen>
 
-<para>If the following message shows up, the chroot environment is not
-set up for proper PTY operation:</para>
+    <para>If the following message shows up, the chroot environment is not
+    set up for proper PTY operation:</para>
 
-<screen><computeroutput>The system has no more ptys.  
+<screen><computeroutput>The system has no more ptys.
 Ask your system administrator to create more.</computeroutput></screen>
 
-<para>This issue needs to be resolved before running the test suites
-for Binutils and GCC.</para>
+    <para>This issue needs to be resolved before running the test suites
+    for Binutils and GCC.</para>
 
-<para>The Binutils documentation recommends building Binutils outside of the
-source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
+    <para>The Binutils documentation recommends building Binutils outside of the
+    source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
 
 <screen><userinput>mkdir -v ../binutils-build
 cd ../binutils-build</userinput></screen>
 
-<para>Prepare Binutils for compilation:</para>
+    <para>Prepare Binutils for compilation:</para>
 
 <screen><userinput>../binutils-&binutils-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
     --enable-shared</userinput></screen>
 
-<para>Compile the package:</para>
+    <para>Compile the package:</para>
 
 <screen><userinput>make tooldir=/usr</userinput></screen>
 
-<para>Normally, the tooldir (the directory where the executables will ultimately
-be located) is set to <filename
-class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename>. For example, i686
-machines would expand that to <filename
-class="directory">/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu</filename>. Because this is a custom
-system, this target-specific directory in <filename
-class="directory">/usr</filename> is not required. <filename
-class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename> would be used if the
-system was used to cross-compile (for example, compiling a package on an Intel
-machine that generates code that can be executed on PowerPC machines).</para>
-
-<important><para>The test suite for Binutils in this section is
-considered critical. Do not skip it under any
-circumstances.</para></important>
-
-<para>Test the results:</para>
+    <variablelist>
+      <title>The meaning of the make parameter:</title>
+
+      <varlistentry>
+        <term><parameter>tooldir=/usr</parameter></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Normally, the tooldir (the directory where the executables will
+          ultimately be located) is set to <filename
+          class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename>. For
+          example, i686 machines would expand that to <filename
+          class="directory">/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu</filename>. Because this is
+          a custom system, this target-specific directory in <filename
+          class="directory">/usr</filename> is not required. <filename
+          class="directory">$(exec_prefix)/$(target_alias)</filename> would be
+          used if the system was used to cross-compile (for example, compiling a
+          package on an Intel machine that generates code that can be executed
+          on PowerPC machines).</para>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+    </variablelist>
+
+    <important>
+      <para>The test suite for Binutils in this section is considered critical.
+      Do not skip it under any circumstances.</para>
+    </important>
+
+    <para>Test the results:</para>
 
 <screen><userinput>make check</userinput></screen>
 
-<para>Install the package:</para>
+    <para>Install the package:</para>
 
 <screen><userinput>make tooldir=/usr install</userinput></screen>
 
-<para>Install the <filename class="headerfile">libiberty</filename> header file that is needed by
-some packages:</para>
+    <para>Install the <filename class="headerfile">libiberty</filename> header
+    file that is needed by some packages:</para>
 
 <screen><userinput>cp -v ../binutils-&binutils-version;/include/libiberty.h /usr/include</userinput></screen>
 
-</sect2>
-
-
-<sect2 id="contents-binutils" role="content"><title>Contents of Binutils</title>
-
-<segmentedlist>
-<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
-<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
-<seglistitem><seg>addr2line, ar, as, c++filt, gprof, ld, nm, objcopy, objdump, 
-ranlib, readelf, size, strings, and strip</seg>
-<seg>libiberty.a, libbfd.[a,so], and libopcodes.[a,so]</seg></seglistitem>
-</segmentedlist>
-
-<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
-<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
-<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
-
-<varlistentry id="addr2line">
-<term><command>addr2line</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>Translates program addresses to file names and line numbers;
-given an address and the name of an executable, it uses the debugging
-information in the executable to determine which source file and line
-number are associated with the address</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils addr2line"><primary sortas="b-addr2line">addr2line</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="ar">
-<term><command>ar</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>Creates, modifies, and extracts from archives</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ar"><primary sortas="b-ar">ar</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="as">
-<term><command>as</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>An assembler that assembles the output of <command>gcc</command>
-into object files</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils as"><primary sortas="b-as">as</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="c-filt">
-<term><command>c++filt</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>Used by the linker to de-mangle C++ and Java symbols and to keep
-overloaded functions from clashing</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils c-filt"><primary sortas="b-c++filt">c++filt</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="gprof">
-<term><command>gprof</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>Displays call graph profile data</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils gprof"><primary sortas="b-gprof">gprof</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="ld">
-<term><command>ld</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>A linker that combines a number of object and archive files into a single file, 
-relocating their data and tying up symbol references</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ld"><primary sortas="b-ld">ld</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="nm">
-<term><command>nm</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>Lists the symbols occurring in a given object file</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils nm"><primary sortas="b-nm">nm</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="objcopy">
-<term><command>objcopy</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>Translates one type of object file into another</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objcopy"><primary sortas="b-objcopy">objcopy</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="objdump">
-<term><command>objdump</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>Displays information about the given object file, with options
-controlling the particular information to display; the information
-shown is useful to programmers who are working on the compilation
-tools</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objdump"><primary sortas="b-objdump">objdump</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="ranlib">
-<term><command>ranlib</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>Generates an index of the contents of an archive and stores it
-in the archive; the index lists all of the symbols defined by archive
-members that are relocatable object files</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ranlib"><primary sortas="b-ranlib">ranlib</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="readelf">
-<term><command>readelf</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>Displays information about ELF type binaries</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils readelf"><primary sortas="b-readelf">readelf</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="size">
-<term><command>size</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>Lists the section sizes and the total size for the given object files</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils size"><primary sortas="b-size">size</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="strings">
-<term><command>strings</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>Outputs, for each given file, the sequences of printable
-characters that are of at least the specified length (defaulting to
-four); for object files, it prints, by default, only the strings from
-the initializing and loading sections while for other types of files, it
-scans the entire file</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strings"><primary sortas="b-strings">strings</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="strip">
-<term><command>strip</command></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>Discards symbols from object files</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strip"><primary sortas="b-strip">strip</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="libiberty">
-<term><filename class="libraryfile">libiberty</filename></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>Contains routines used by various GNU programs, including
-<command>getopt</command>, <command>obstack</command>,
-<command>strerror</command>, <command>strtol</command>, and
-<command>strtoul</command></para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libiberty"><primary sortas="c-libiberty">libiberty</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="libbfd">
-<term><filename class="libraryfile">libbfd</filename></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>The Binary File Descriptor library</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libbfd"><primary sortas="c-libbfd">libbfd</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="libopcodes">
-<term><filename class="libraryfile">libopcodes</filename></term>
-<listitem>
-<para>A library for dealing with opcodes&mdash;the <quote>readable
-text</quote> versions of instructions for the processor;
-it is used for building utilities like
-<command>objdump</command>.</para>
-<indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libopcodes"><primary sortas="c-libopcodes">libopcodes</primary></indexterm>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-</variablelist>
-
-</sect2>
+  </sect2>
+
+
+  <sect2 id="contents-binutils" role="content">
+    <title>Contents of Binutils</title>
+
+    <segmentedlist>
+      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
+      <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
+
+      <seglistitem>
+        <seg>addr2line, ar, as, c++filt, gprof, ld, nm, objcopy, objdump,
+        ranlib, readelf, size, strings, and strip</seg>
+        <seg>libiberty.a, libbfd.[a,so], and libopcodes.[a,so]</seg>
+      </seglistitem>
+    </segmentedlist>
+
+    <variablelist>
+      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
+      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
+      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
+
+      <varlistentry id="addr2line">
+        <term><command>addr2line</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Translates program addresses to file names and line numbers;
+          given an address and the name of an executable, it uses the debugging
+          information in the executable to determine which source file and line
+          number are associated with the address</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils addr2line">
+            <primary sortas="b-addr2line">addr2line</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="ar">
+        <term><command>ar</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Creates, modifies, and extracts from archives</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ar">
+            <primary sortas="b-ar">ar</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="as">
+        <term><command>as</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>An assembler that assembles the output of <command>gcc</command>
+          into object files</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils as">
+            <primary sortas="b-as">as</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="c-filt">
+        <term><command>c++filt</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Used by the linker to de-mangle C++ and Java symbols and to keep
+          overloaded functions from clashing</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils c-filt">
+            <primary sortas="b-c++filt">c++filt</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="gprof">
+        <term><command>gprof</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Displays call graph profile data</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils gprof">
+            <primary sortas="b-gprof">gprof</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="ld">
+        <term><command>ld</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A linker that combines a number of object and archive files
+          into a single file, relocating their data and tying up symbol
+          references</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ld">
+            <primary sortas="b-ld">ld</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="nm">
+        <term><command>nm</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Lists the symbols occurring in a given object file</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils nm">
+            <primary sortas="b-nm">nm</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="objcopy">
+        <term><command>objcopy</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Translates one type of object file into another</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objcopy">
+            <primary sortas="b-objcopy">objcopy</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="objdump">
+        <term><command>objdump</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Displays information about the given object file, with options
+          controlling the particular information to display; the information
+          shown is useful to programmers who are working on the compilation
+          tools</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils objdump">
+            <primary sortas="b-objdump">objdump</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="ranlib">
+        <term><command>ranlib</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Generates an index of the contents of an archive and stores it
+          in the archive; the index lists all of the symbols defined by archive
+          members that are relocatable object files</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils ranlib">
+            <primary sortas="b-ranlib">ranlib</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="readelf">
+        <term><command>readelf</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Displays information about ELF type binaries</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils readelf">
+            <primary sortas="b-readelf">readelf</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="size">
+        <term><command>size</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Lists the section sizes and the total size for the given
+          object files</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils size">
+            <primary sortas="b-size">size</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="strings">
+        <term><command>strings</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Outputs, for each given file, the sequences of printable
+          characters that are of at least the specified length (defaulting to
+          four); for object files, it prints, by default, only the strings from
+          the initializing and loading sections while for other types of files, it
+          scans the entire file</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strings">
+            <primary sortas="b-strings">strings</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="strip">
+        <term><command>strip</command></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Discards symbols from object files</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils strip">
+            <primary sortas="b-strip">strip</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="libiberty">
+        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libiberty</filename></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>Contains routines used by various GNU programs, including
+          <command>getopt</command>, <command>obstack</command>,
+          <command>strerror</command>, <command>strtol</command>, and
+          <command>strtoul</command></para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libiberty">
+            <primary sortas="c-libiberty">libiberty</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="libbfd">
+        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbfd</filename></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>The Binary File Descriptor library</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libbfd">
+            <primary sortas="c-libbfd">libbfd</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+      <varlistentry id="libopcodes">
+        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libopcodes</filename></term>
+        <listitem>
+          <para>A library for dealing with opcodes&mdash;the <quote>readable
+          text</quote> versions of instructions for the processor;
+          it is used for building utilities like
+          <command>objdump</command>.</para>
+          <indexterm zone="ch-system-binutils libopcodes">
+            <primary sortas="c-libopcodes">libopcodes</primary>
+          </indexterm>
+        </listitem>
+      </varlistentry>
+
+    </variablelist>
+
+  </sect2>
 
 </sect1>
-