diff options
author | Manuel Canales Esparcia <manuel@linuxfromscratch.org> | 2004-12-21 19:38:32 +0000 |
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committer | Manuel Canales Esparcia <manuel@linuxfromscratch.org> | 2004-12-21 19:38:32 +0000 |
commit | 3f0c882398e626cd92503b1bd964a32e89f818dc (patch) | |
tree | 73e2935fe138615f4ec2d430fb7fbf6ae8fa9a80 /chapter06/coreutils.xml | |
parent | aaa3260c039e40d68545922b64199b039da6af7b (diff) |
Removed the text in chapter 06.
git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@4446 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
Diffstat (limited to 'chapter06/coreutils.xml')
-rw-r--r-- | chapter06/coreutils.xml | 773 |
1 files changed, 7 insertions, 766 deletions
diff --git a/chapter06/coreutils.xml b/chapter06/coreutils.xml index e9ee8336c..57a6f0424 100644 --- a/chapter06/coreutils.xml +++ b/chapter06/coreutils.xml @@ -10,8 +10,6 @@ <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils"><primary sortas="a-Coreutils">Coreutils</primary></indexterm> <sect2 role="package"><title/> -<para>The Coreutils package contains utilities for showing and setting the -basic system characteristics.</para> <segmentedlist> <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> @@ -19,25 +17,16 @@ basic system characteristics.</para> <seglistitem><seg>0.9 SBU</seg><seg>69 MB</seg></seglistitem> </segmentedlist> -<segmentedlist> -<segtitle>Coreutils installation depends on</segtitle> -<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, GCC, -Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Perl, Sed</seg></seglistitem> -</segmentedlist> </sect2> <sect2 role="installation"> <title>Installation of Coreutils</title> -<para>Normally the functionality of <command>uname</command> is somewhat -broken, in that the <parameter>-p</parameter> switch always returns -<computeroutput>unknown</computeroutput>. The following patch fixes this behavior for Intel -architectures:</para> +<para>Apply a patch:</para> <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../coreutils-&coreutils-version;-uname-2.patch</userinput></screen> -<para>Prevent Coreutils from installing binaries that will be later be installed -by other programs:</para> +<para>Apply another patch:</para> <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../coreutils-&coreutils-version;-suppress_uptime_kill_su-1.patch</userinput></screen> @@ -49,29 +38,21 @@ by other programs:</para> <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen> -<para>The test suite of Coreutils makes several assumptions about the presence -of files and users that aren't valid this early in the LFS build. We will -therefore have to set up a few things before being able to run the tests. If -you choose not to run these tests, skip down to <quote>Install the -package</quote>.</para> - <para>Create two dummy groups and a dummy user name:</para> <screen><userinput>echo "dummy1:x:1000:" >> /etc/group echo "dummy2:x:1001:dummy" >> /etc/group echo "dummy:x:1000:1000:::/bin/bash" >> /etc/passwd</userinput></screen> -<para>Now you're all set to run the test suite. First run the few tests that -are meant to be run as <emphasis>root</emphasis>:</para> +<para>Run the <emphasis>root</emphasis> tests:</para> <screen><userinput>make NON_ROOT_USERNAME=dummy check-root</userinput></screen> -<para>Then run the remainder of the tests as the <emphasis>dummy</emphasis> -user:</para> +<para>Run the user tests:</para> <screen><userinput>src/su dummy -c "make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check"</userinput></screen> -<para>When you're done testing, remove the dummy user and groups:</para> +<para>Remove the dummy user and groups:</para> <screen><userinput>sed -i '/dummy/d' /etc/passwd /etc/group</userinput></screen> @@ -88,7 +69,7 @@ mv /usr/bin/{sleep,stty,test,touch,true,uname} /bin mv /usr/bin/hostname /bin mv /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin</userinput></screen> -<para>Finally, create a symlink to be FHS-compliant:</para> +<para>Create a symlink:</para> <screen><userinput>ln -s ../../bin/install /usr/bin</userinput></screen> @@ -97,747 +78,7 @@ mv /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin</userinput></screen> <sect2 id="contents-coreutils" role="content"><title>Contents of Coreutils</title> -<segmentedlist> -<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> -<seglistitem><seg>basename, cat, chgrp, chmod, -chown, chroot, cksum, comm, cp, csplit, cut, date, dd, df, dir, dircolors, -dirname, du, echo, env, expand, expr, factor, false, fmt, fold, groups, head, -hostid, hostname, id, install, join, link, ln, logname, ls, md5sum, -mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, mv, nice, nl, nohup, od, paste, pathchk, pinky, pr, -printenv, printf, ptx, pwd, readlink, rm, rmdir, seq, sha1sum, shred, sleep, -sort, split, stat, stty, su, sum, sync, tac, tail, tee, test, touch, tr, true, -tsort, tty, uname, unexpand, uniq, unlink, uptime, users, vdir, wc, who, -whoami and yes</seg></seglistitem> -</segmentedlist> - -<variablelist><title>Short descriptions</title> - -<varlistentry id="basename"> -<term><command>basename</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils basename"><primary sortas="b-basename">basename</primary></indexterm> -<para>strips any path and a given suffix from the given file name.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="cat"> -<term><command>cat</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cat"><primary sortas="b-cat">cat</primary></indexterm> -<para>concatenates files to standard output.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="chgrp"> -<term><command>chgrp</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chgrp"><primary sortas="b-chgrp">chgrp</primary></indexterm> -<para>changes the group ownership of each given file to the given group. The -group can be either given a a name or a numeric ID.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="chmod"> -<term><command>chmod</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chmod"><primary sortas="b-chmod">chmod</primary></indexterm> -<para>changes the permissions of each given file -to the given mode. The mode can be either a symbolic representation of the -changes to make, or an octal number representing the new permissions.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="chown"> -<term><command>chown</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chown"><primary sortas="b-chown">chown</primary></indexterm> -<para>changes the user and/or group ownership of -each given file to the given user:group pair.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="chroot"> -<term><command>chroot</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chroot"><primary sortas="b-chroot">chroot</primary></indexterm> -<para>runs a given command with the specified directory as the -<filename class="directory">/</filename> directory. The given command can be an interactive shell. -On most systems only <emphasis>root</emphasis> can do this.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="cksum"> -<term><command>cksum</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cksum"><primary sortas="b-cksum">cksum</primary></indexterm> -<para>prints the CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) checksum and the byte -counts of each specified file.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="comm"> -<term><command>comm</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils comm"><primary sortas="b-comm">comm</primary></indexterm> -<para>compares two sorted files, outputting in -three columns the lines that are unique, and the lines that are common.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="cp"> -<term><command>cp</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cp"><primary sortas="b-cp">cp</primary></indexterm> -<para>copies files.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="csplit"> -<term><command>csplit</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils csplit"><primary sortas="b-csplit">csplit</primary></indexterm> -<para>splits a given file into several new files, -separating them according to given patterns or line numbers, and outputting -the byte count of each new file.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="cut"> -<term><command>cut</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cut"><primary sortas="b-cut">cut</primary></indexterm> -<para>prints parts of lines, selecting the parts -according to given fields or positions.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="date"> -<term><command>date</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils date"><primary sortas="b-date">date</primary></indexterm> -<para>displays the current time in the given format, or sets the system date.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="dd"> -<term><command>dd</command> </term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dd"><primary sortas="b-dd">dd</primary></indexterm> -<para>copies a file using the given block size and -count, while optionally performing conversions on it.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="df"> -<term><command>df</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils df"><primary sortas="b-df">df</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the amount of disk space available -(and used) on all mounted file systems, or only on the file systems holding the -given files.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="dir"> -<term><command>dir</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dir"><primary sortas="b-dir">dir</primary></indexterm> -<para>is the same as <command>ls</command>.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="dircolors"> -<term><command>dircolors</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dircolors"><primary sortas="b-dircolors">dircolors</primary></indexterm> -<para>outputs commands to set the LS_COLOR -environment variable, to change the color scheme used by <command>ls</command>.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="dirname"> -<term><command>dirname</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dirname"><primary sortas="b-dirname">dirname</primary></indexterm> -<para>strips the non-directory suffix from a given file name.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="du"> -<term><command>du</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils du"><primary sortas="b-du">du</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the amount of disk space used by the -current directory, or by each of the given directories including all their -subdirectories, or by each of the given files.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="echo"> -<term><command>echo</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils echo"><primary sortas="b-echo">echo</primary></indexterm> -<para>displays the given strings.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="env"> -<term><command>env</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils env"><primary sortas="b-env">env</primary></indexterm> -<para>runs a command in a modified environment.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="expand"> -<term><command>expand</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expand"><primary sortas="b-expand">expand</primary></indexterm> -<para>converts tabs to spaces.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="expr"> -<term><command>expr</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expr"><primary sortas="b-expr">expr</primary></indexterm> -<para>evaluates expressions.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="factor"> -<term><command>factor</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils factor"><primary sortas="b-factor">factor</primary></indexterm> -<para>prints the prime factors of all specified integer numbers.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="false"> -<term><command>false</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils false"><primary sortas="b-false">false</primary></indexterm> -<para>does nothing, unsuccessfully. It always -exits with a status code indicating failure.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="mt"> -<term><command>fmt</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mt"><primary sortas="b-mt">mt</primary></indexterm> -<para>reformats the paragraphs in the given files.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="fold"> -<term><command>fold</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fold"><primary sortas="b-fold">fold</primary></indexterm> -<para>wraps the lines in the given files.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="groups-coreutils"> -<term><command>groups</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils groups-coreutils"><primary sortas="b-groups-coreutils">groups</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports a user's group memberships.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="head"> -<term><command>head</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils head"><primary sortas="b-head">head</primary></indexterm> -<para>prints the first ten lines (or the given number of lines) of each given file.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="hostid"> -<term><command>hostid</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostid"><primary sortas="b-hostid">hostid</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) of the host.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="hostname-coreutils"> -<term><command>hostname</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostname-coreutils"><primary sortas="b-hostname-coreutils">hostname</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports or sets the name of the host.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="id"> -<term><command>id</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils id"><primary sortas="b-id">id</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the effective user ID, group ID, and -group memberships of the current user, or of a given user.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="install"> -<term><command>install</command> </term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils install"><primary sortas="b-install">install</primary></indexterm> -<para>copies files while setting their -permission modes and, if possible, their owner and group.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="join"> -<term><command>join</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils join"><primary sortas="b-join">join</primary></indexterm> -<para>joins from two files the lines that have identical join fields.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="link"> -<term><command>link</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils link"><primary sortas="b-link">link</primary></indexterm> -<para>creates a hard link with the given name to the given file.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="ln"> -<term><command>ln</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ln"><primary sortas="b-ln">ln</primary></indexterm> -<para>makes hard links or soft links between files.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="logname"> -<term><command>logname</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils logname"><primary sortas="b-logname">logname</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the current user's login name.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="ls"> -<term><command>ls</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ls"><primary sortas="b-ls">ls</primary></indexterm> -<para>lists the contents of each given directory. -By default it orders the files and subdirectories alphabetically.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="md5sum"> -<term><command>md5sum</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils md5sum"><primary sortas="b-md5sum">md5sum</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports or checks MD5 (Message Digest 5) checksums.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="mkdir"> -<term><command>mkdir</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkdir"><primary sortas="b-mkdir">mkdir</primary></indexterm> -<para>creates directories with the given names.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="mkfifo"> -<term><command>mkfifo</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkfifo"><primary sortas="b-mkfifo">mkfifo</primary></indexterm> -<para>creates FIFOs (First-In, First-Out, a <quote>named pipe</quote> in UNIX parlance) with -the given names.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="mknod"> -<term><command>mknod</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mknod"><primary sortas="b-mknod">mknod</primary></indexterm> -<para>creates device nodes with the given names. -A device node is a character special file, or a block special file, or a FIFO.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="mv"> -<term><command>mv</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mv"><primary sortas="b-mv">mv</primary></indexterm> -<para>moves or renames files or directories.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="nice"> -<term><command>nice</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nice"><primary sortas="b-nice">nice</primary></indexterm> -<para>runs a program with modified scheduling priority.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="nl"> -<term><command>nl</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nl"><primary sortas="b-nl">nl</primary></indexterm> -<para>numbers the lines from the given files.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="nohup"> -<term><command>nohup</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nohup"><primary sortas="b-nohup">nohup</primary></indexterm> -<para>runs a command immune to hangups, with -output redirected to a log file.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="od"> -<term><command>od</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils od"><primary sortas="b-od">od</primary></indexterm> -<para>dumps files in octal and other formats.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="paste"> -<term><command>paste</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils paste"><primary sortas="b-paste">paste</primary></indexterm> -<para>merges the given files, joining -sequentially corresponding lines side by side, separated by tab characters..</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="pathchk"> -<term><command>pathchk</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pathchk"><primary sortas="b-pathchk">pathchk</primary></indexterm> -<para>checks whether file names are valid or portable.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="pinky"> -<term><command>pinky</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pinky"><primary sortas="b-pinky">pinky</primary></indexterm> -<para>is a lightweight finger. It reports some information about the given users.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="pr"> -<term><command>pr</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pr"><primary sortas="b-pr">pr</primary></indexterm> -<para>paginates and columnates files for printing.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="printenv"> -<term><command>printenv</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printenv"><primary sortas="b-printenv">printenv</primary></indexterm> -<para>prints the environment.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="printf"> -<term><command>printf</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printf"><primary sortas="b-printf">printf</primary></indexterm> -<para>prints the given arguments according to the -given format -- much like the C printf function.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="ptx"> -<term><command>ptx</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ptx"><primary sortas="b-ptx">ptx</primary></indexterm> -<para>produces from the contents of the given files -a permuted index, with each keyword in its context.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="pwd"> -<term><command>pwd</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pwd"><primary sortas="b-pwd">pwd</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the name of the current directory.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="readlink"> -<term><command>readlink</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils readlink"><primary sortas="b-readlink">readlink</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the value of the given symbolic link.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="rm"> -<term><command>rm</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rm"><primary sortas="b-rm">rm</primary></indexterm> -<para>removes files or directories.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="rmdir"> -<term><command>rmdir</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rmdir"><primary sortas="b-rmdir">rmdir</primary></indexterm> -<para>removes directories, if they are empty.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="seq"> -<term><command>seq</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils seq"><primary sortas="b-seq">seq</primary></indexterm> -<para>prints a sequence of numbers, within a given -range and with a given increment.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="sha1sum"> -<term><command>sha1sum</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha1sum"><primary sortas="b-sha1sum">sha1sum</primary></indexterm> -<para>prints or checks 160-bit SHA1 checksums.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="shred"> -<term><command>shred</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shred"><primary sortas="b-shred">shred</primary></indexterm> -<para>overwrites the given files repeatedly with -strange patterns, to make it real hard to recover the data.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="sleep"> -<term><command>sleep</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sleep"><primary sortas="b-sleep">sleep</primary></indexterm> -<para>pauses for the given amount of time.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="sort"> -<term><command>sort</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sort"><primary sortas="b-sort">sort</primary></indexterm> -<para>sorts the lines from the given files.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="split"> -<term><command>split</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils split"><primary sortas="b-split">split</primary></indexterm> -<para>splits the given file into pieces, by size or by numbspliter of lines.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="stty"> -<term><command>stty</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stty"><primary sortas="b-stty">stty</primary></indexterm> -<para>sets or reports terminal line settings.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="sum"> -<term><command>sum</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sum"><primary sortas="b-sum">sum</primary></indexterm> -<para>prints checksum and block counts for each given file.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="sync"> -<term><command>sync</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sync"><primary sortas="b-sync">sync</primary></indexterm> -<para>flushes file system buffers. It forces -changed blocks to disk and updates the super block.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="tac"> -<term><command>tac</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tac"><primary sortas="b-tac">tac</primary></indexterm> -<para>concatenates the given files in reverse.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="tail"> -<term><command>tail</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tail"><primary sortas="b-tail">tail</primary></indexterm> -<para>prints the last ten lines (or the given number of lines) of each given file.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="tee"> -<term><command>tee</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tee"><primary sortas="b-tee">tee</primary></indexterm> -<para>reads from standard input while writing both -to standard output and to the given files.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="test"> -<term><command>test</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils test"><primary sortas="b-test">test</primary></indexterm> -<para>compares values and checks file types.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="touch"> -<term><command>touch</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils touch"><primary sortas="b-touch">touch</primary></indexterm> -<para>changes file timestamps, setting the access -and modification times of the given files to the current time. Files that do -not exist are created with zero length.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="tr"> -<term><command>tr</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tr"><primary sortas="b-tr">tr</primary></indexterm> -<para>translates, squeezes, and deletes the given -characters from standard input.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="true"> -<term><command>true</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils true"><primary sortas="b-true">true</primary></indexterm> -<para>does nothing, successfully. It always exits -with a status code indicating success.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="tsort"> -<term><command>tsort</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tsort"><primary sortas="b-tsort">tsort</primary></indexterm> -<para>performs a topological sort. It writes a -totally ordered list according to the partial ordering in a given file.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="tty"> -<term><command>tty</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tty"><primary sortas="b-tty">tty</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the file name of the terminal connected to standard input.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="uname"> -<term><command>uname</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uname"><primary sortas="b-uname">uname</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports system information.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="unexpand"> -<term><command>unexpand</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unexpand"><primary sortas="b-unexpand">unexpand</primary></indexterm> -<para>converts spaces to tabs.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="uniq"> -<term><command>uniq</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uniq"><primary sortas="b-uniq">uniq</primary></indexterm> -<para>discards all but one of successive identical lines.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="unlink"> -<term><command>unlink</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unlink"><primary sortas="b-unlink">unlink</primary></indexterm> -<para>removes the given file.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="uptime-coreutils"> -<term><command>uptime</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uptime-coreutils"><primary sortas="b-uptime-coreutils">uptime</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports how long the system has been -running, how many users are logged on, and the system load averages.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="users"> -<term><command>users</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils users"><primary sortas="b-users">users</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the names of the users currently logged on.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="vdir"> -<term><command>vdir</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils vdir"><primary sortas="b-vdir">vdir</primary></indexterm> -<para>is the same as <command>ls -l</command>.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="wc"> -<term><command>wc</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils wc"><primary sortas="b-wc">wc</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the number of lines, words, and bytes -for each given file, and a total line when more than one file is given.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="who"> -<term><command>who</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils who"><primary sortas="b-who">who</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports who is logged on.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="whoami"> -<term><command>whoami</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils whoami"><primary sortas="b-whoami">whoami</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the user name associated with the current effective user ID.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="yes"> -<term><command>yes</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils yes"><primary sortas="b-yes">yes</primary></indexterm> -<para>outputs <quote>y</quote> or a given string repeatedly, until killed.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> -</variablelist> +<para>See testing</para> </sect2> |