diff options
author | Mark Hymers <markh@linuxfromscratch.org> | 2001-07-22 19:45:10 +0000 |
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committer | Mark Hymers <markh@linuxfromscratch.org> | 2001-07-22 19:45:10 +0000 |
commit | b822811980a5f82726cb641cbeff66be9eb6d92a (patch) | |
tree | 27c4db3c62aaea065b053e43c39b2ba44c04a05f /chapter07/usage.xml | |
parent | 46f5461af92bc70c62bbb92895032b930954d835 (diff) |
XML changes
git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@827 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
Diffstat (limited to 'chapter07/usage.xml')
-rw-r--r-- | chapter07/usage.xml | 81 |
1 files changed, 29 insertions, 52 deletions
diff --git a/chapter07/usage.xml b/chapter07/usage.xml index e20e3cb53..1e8c944f1 100644 --- a/chapter07/usage.xml +++ b/chapter07/usage.xml @@ -1,51 +1,40 @@ <sect1 id="ch07-usage"> <title>How does the booting process with these scripts work?</title> -<para> -Linux uses a special booting facility named SysVinit. It's based on a +<para>Linux uses a special booting facility named SysVinit. It's based on a concept of <emphasis>runlevels</emphasis>. It can be widely different from one system to another, so it can not be assumed that because things worked in <insert distro name> they should work like that in LFS too. LFS has it's own way of doing things, but it respects generally -accepted standards. -</para> +accepted standards.</para> -<para> -SysVinit (which we'll call <emphasis>init</emphasis> from now on) works +<para>SysVinit (which we'll call <emphasis>init</emphasis> from now on) works using a runlevels scheme. There are 7 (from 0 to 6) runlevels (actually, there are more runlevels but they are for special cases and generally not used. The init man page describes those details), and each one of those corresponds to the things the computer is supposed to do when it starts up. The default runlevel is 3. Here are the descriptions of the -different runlevels as they are often implemented: -</para> +different runlevels as they are often implemented:</para> -<literallayout> -0: halt the computer +<literallayout>0: halt the computer 1: single-user mode 2: multi-user mode without networking 3: multi-user mode with networking 4: reserved for customization, otherwise does the same as 3 5: same as 4, it is usually used for GUI login (like X's xdm or KDE's kdm) -6: reboot the computer -</literallayout> +6: reboot the computer</literallayout> -<para> -The command used to change runlevels is <userinput>init +<para>The command used to change runlevels is <userinput>init <runlevel></userinput> where <runlevel> is the target runlevel. For example, to reboot the computer, a user would issue the init 6 command. The reboot command is just an alias, as is the halt -command an alias to init 0. -</para> +command an alias to init 0.</para> -<para> -The /etc/init.d/rcS script is run at every startup of the computer, +<para>The /etc/init.d/rcS script is run at every startup of the computer, before any runlevel is executed and runs the scripts listed in -/etc/rcS.d -</para> +/etc/rcS.d</para> -<para> -There are a number of directories under /etc that look like like rc?.d +<para>There are a number of directories under /etc that look like like rc?.d where ? is the number of the runlevel and rcS.d. A user might take a look at one of them (after this chapter is finished, right now there's nothing @@ -55,55 +44,43 @@ the initial letter. The K means to stop (kill) a service, and the S means to start a service. The numbers determine the order in which the scripts are run, from 000 to 999; the lower the number the sooner it gets executed. When init switches to another runlevel, the appropriate -services get killed and others get started. -</para> +services get killed and others get started.</para> -<para> -The real scripts are in /etc/init.d. They do all the work, and the +<para>The real scripts are in /etc/init.d. They do all the work, and the symlinks all point to them. Killing links and starting links point to the same script in /etc/init.d. That's because the scripts can be called with different parameters like start, stop, restart, reload, status. When a K link is encountered, the appropriate script is run with the stop argument. When a S link is encountered, the appropriate script -is run with the start argument. -</para> +is run with the start argument.</para> -<para> -These are descriptions of what the arguments make the scripts do: -</para> +<para>These are descriptions of what the arguments make the +scripts do:</para> <itemizedlist> -<listitem><para> -<emphasis>start</emphasis>: The service is started. -</para></listitem> +<listitem><para><emphasis>start</emphasis>: The service is +started.</para></listitem> -<listitem><para> -<emphasis>stop</emphasis>: The service is stopped. -</para></listitem> +<listitem><para><emphasis>stop</emphasis>: The service is +stopped.</para></listitem> -<listitem><para> -<emphasis>restart</emphasis>: The service is stopped and then started again. -</para></listitem> +<listitem><para><emphasis>restart</emphasis>: The service is +stopped and then started again.</para></listitem> -<listitem><para> -<emphasis>reload</emphasis>: The configuration of the service is updated. +<listitem><para><emphasis>reload</emphasis>: The configuration +of the service is updated. This is used after the configuration file of a service was modified, when -the service doesn't need to be restarted. -</para></listitem> +the service doesn't need to be restarted.</para></listitem> -<listitem><para> -<emphasis>status</emphasis>: Tells if the service is running and with -which PID's. -</para></listitem> +<listitem><para><emphasis>status</emphasis>: Tells if the service +is running and with which PID's.</para></listitem> </itemizedlist> -<para> -Feel free to modify the way the boot process works (after all it's your +<para>Feel free to modify the way the boot process works (after all it's your LFS system, not ours). The files here are just an example of how it can be -done in a nice way (well what we consider nice anyway. You may hate it). -</para> +done in a nice way (well what we consider nice anyway. You may hate it).</para> </sect1> |