Simplifying the second copying of the kernel headers.

git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@3229 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

2 files changed, 112 insertions, 98 deletions

diff --git a/chapter08/kernel-inst.xml b/chapter08/kernel-inst.xml
deleted file mode 100644
index 667f2dc28..000000000
--- a/chapter08/kernel-inst.xml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,97 +0,0 @@
-<sect2><title>&nbsp;</title><para>&nbsp;</para></sect2>
-
-<sect2>
-<title>Installation of the kernel</title>
-
-<para>Building the kernel involves a few steps: configuration,
-compilation, and installation. If you don't like the way this
-book configures the kernel, view the <filename>README</filename>
-file in the kernel source tree for alternative methods.</para>
-
-<para>Prepare for compilation by running the following command:</para>
-
-<screen><userinput>make mrproper</userinput></screen>
-
-<para>This ensures that the kernel tree is absolutely clean. The kernel
-team recommends that this command be issued prior to
-<emphasis>each</emphasis> kernel compilation. You shouldn't rely
-on the source tree being clean after untarring.</para>
-
-<para>Configure the kernel via a menu-driven interface:</para>
-
-<screen><userinput>make menuconfig</userinput></screen>
-
-<para><userinput>make oldconfig</userinput> may be more appropriate
-in some situations. See the <filename>README</filename> file for
-more information.</para>
-
-<para>If you wish, you may skip kernel configuration by simply copying the
-kernel config file, <filename>.config</filename>, from your host system
-(assuming it is available) to the unpacked
-<filename class="directory">linux-&kernel-version;</filename> directory.
-However, we don't recommend this option. You're much better off exploring all
-the configuration menus and creating your own kernel configuration from
-scratch.</para>
-
-<para>For POSIX shared memory support, ensure that the kernel config option
-"Virtual memory file system support" is enabled. It resides within the
-"File systems" menu and is normally enabled by default.</para>
-
-<para>Verify dependencies and create dependency information files:</para>
-
-<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc dep</userinput></screen>
-
-<para>Compile the kernel image:</para>
-
-<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc bzImage</userinput></screen>
-
-<para>Compile the drivers which have been configured as modules:</para>
-
-<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc modules</userinput></screen>
-
-<para>If you intend to use kernel modules, you will need an
-<filename>/etc/modules.conf</filename> file. Information pertaining
-to modules and to kernel configuration in general may be found in the
-kernel documentation, which is found in the
-<filename>linux-&kernel-version;/Documentation</filename> directory. The
-modules.conf man page and the kernel HOWTO at
-<ulink url="&tldp-root;HOWTO/Kernel-HOWTO.html"/> may also be of
-interest to you.</para>
-
-<para>Install the modules:</para>
-
-<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc modules_install</userinput></screen>
-
-<para>As nothing is complete without documentation, build the manual pages
-that come with the kernel:</para>
-
-<screen><userinput>make mandocs</userinput></screen>
-
-<para>And install these pages:</para>
-
-<screen><userinput>cp -a Documentation/man /usr/share/man/man9</userinput></screen>
-
-<para>Kernel compilation has finished but more steps are required to complete
-the installation. Some files need to be copied to the <filename>/boot</filename>
-directory.</para>
-
-<para>The path to the kernel image may vary depending on the platform
-you're using. Issue the following command to install the kernel:</para>
-
-<screen><userinput>cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/lfskernel</userinput></screen>
-
-<para><filename>System.map</filename> is a symbol file for the kernel.
-It maps the function entrypoints of every function in the kernel API,
-as well as the addresses of the kernel data structures for the running
-kernel. Issue the following command to install the map file:</para>
-
-<screen><userinput>cp System.map /boot</userinput></screen>
-
-<para><filename>.config</filename> is the kernel configuration file that was
-produced by the <command>make menuconfig</command> step above. It contains
-all the config selections for the kernel that was just compiled. It's a good
-idea to keep this file for future reference:</para>
-
-<screen><userinput>cp .config /boot/config-lfskernel</userinput></screen>
-
-</sect2>
diff --git a/chapter08/kernel.xml b/chapter08/kernel.xml
index 007827c13..87d533864 100644
--- a/chapter08/kernel.xml
+++ b/chapter08/kernel.xml
@@ -10,7 +10,118 @@ Estimated required disk space:  &kernel-compsize;</screen>
 &aa-kernel-down;
 &aa-kernel-dep;
 
-&c8-kernel-inst;
+<sect2><title>&nbsp;</title><para>&nbsp;</para></sect2>
+
+<sect2>
+<title>Installation of the kernel</title>
+
+<para>Building the kernel involves a few steps: configuration, compilation, and
+installation. If you don't like the way this book configures the kernel, view
+the <filename>README</filename> file in the kernel source tree for alternative
+methods.</para>
+
+<para>Prepare for compilation by running the following command:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>make mrproper</userinput></screen>
+
+<para>This ensures that the kernel tree is absolutely clean. The kernel team
+recommends that this command be issued prior to <emphasis>each</emphasis>
+kernel compilation. You shouldn't rely on the source tree being clean after
+untarring.</para>
+
+<para>Configure the kernel via a menu-driven interface:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>make menuconfig</userinput></screen>
+
+<para><userinput>make oldconfig</userinput> may be more appropriate in some
+situations. See the <filename>README</filename> file for more
+information.</para>
+
+<para>If you wish, you may skip kernel configuration by simply copying the
+kernel config file, <filename>.config</filename>, from your host system
+(assuming it is available) to the unpacked <filename
+class="directory">linux-&kernel-version;</filename> directory. However, we
+don't recommend this option. You're much better off exploring all the
+configuration menus and creating your own kernel configuration from
+scratch.</para>
+
+<para>For POSIX shared memory support, ensure that the kernel config option
+"Virtual memory file system support" is enabled. It resides within the
+"File systems" menu and is normally enabled by default.</para>
+
+<para>Verify dependencies and create dependency information files:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc dep</userinput></screen>
+
+<para>Compile the kernel image:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc bzImage</userinput></screen>
+
+<para>Compile the drivers which have been configured as modules:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc modules</userinput></screen>
+
+<para>If you intend to use kernel modules, you will need an
+<filename>/etc/modules.conf</filename> file. Information pertaining
+to modules and to kernel configuration in general may be found in the
+kernel documentation, which is found in the
+<filename>linux-&kernel-version;/Documentation</filename> directory. The
+modules.conf man page and the kernel HOWTO at
+<ulink url="&tldp-root;HOWTO/Kernel-HOWTO.html"/> may also be of
+interest to you.</para>
+
+<para>Install the modules:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc modules_install</userinput></screen>
+
+<para>As nothing is complete without documentation, build the manual pages
+that come with the kernel:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>make mandocs</userinput></screen>
+
+<para>And install these pages:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>cp -a Documentation/man /usr/share/man/man9</userinput></screen>
+
+<para>Kernel compilation has finished but more steps are required to complete
+the installation. Some files need to be copied to the <filename>/boot</filename>
+directory.</para>
+
+<para>The path to the kernel image may vary depending on the platform you're
+using. Issue the following command to install the kernel:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/lfskernel</userinput></screen>
+
+<para><filename>System.map</filename> is a symbol file for the kernel. It maps
+the function entrypoints of every function in the kernel API, as well as the
+addresses of the kernel data structures for the running kernel. Issue the
+following command to install the map file:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>cp System.map /boot</userinput></screen>
+
+<para><filename>.config</filename> is the kernel configuration file that was
+produced by the <command>make menuconfig</command> step above. It contains all
+the config selections for the kernel that was just compiled. It's a good idea
+to keep this file for future reference:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>cp .config /boot/config-lfskernel</userinput></screen>
+
+<para>It is important to note that the files in the kernel source directory are
+not owned by <emphasis>root</emphasis>. Whenever you unpack a package as user
+<emphasis>root</emphasis> (like we did here inside chroot), the files end up
+having the user and group IDs of whatever they were on the packager's computer.
+This is usually not a problem for any other package you install because you
+remove the source tree after the installation. But the Linux source tree is
+often kept around for a long time, so there's a chance that whatever user ID
+the packager used will be assigned to somebody on your machine and then that
+person would have write access to the kernel source.</para>
+
+<para>If you are going to keep the kernel source tree around, you may want to
+run <userinput>chown -R 0:0</userinput> on the
+<filename>linux-&kernel-version;</filename> directory to ensure all files are
+owned by user <emphasis>root</emphasis>.</para>
+
+</sect2>
 
 &aa-kernel-shortdesc;
 &aa-kernel-desc;