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Diffstat (limited to 'appendixa')
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diff --git a/appendixa/appendixa.sgml b/appendixa/appendixa.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..258303dfa --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/appendixa.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +<appendix id="appendixa"> +<title>Package descriptions</title> + +&aa-introduction; +&aa-glibc; +&aa-kernel; +&aa-ed; +&aa-patch; +&aa-gcc; +&aa-bison; +&aa-mawk; +&aa-findutils; +&aa-ncurses; +&aa-less; +&aa-groff; +&aa-man; +&aa-perl; +&aa-m4; +&aa-texinfo; +&aa-autoconf; +&aa-automake; +&aa-bash; +&aa-flex; +&aa-binutils; +&aa-bzip2; +&aa-diffutils; +&aa-e2fsprogs; +&aa-file; +&aa-fileutils; +&aa-gettext; +&aa-grep; +&aa-gzip; +&aa-ldso; +&aa-libtool; +&aa-bin86; +&aa-lilo; +&aa-make; +&aa-shellutils; +&aa-shadowpwd; +&aa-modutils; +&aa-procinfo; +&aa-procps; +&aa-vim; +&aa-psmisc; +&aa-sed; +&aa-sysklogd; +&aa-sysvinit; +&aa-tar; +&aa-textutils; +&aa-utillinux; +&aa-consoletools; +&aa-consoledata; +&aa-manpages; + +</appendix> diff --git a/appendixa/autoconf-desc.sgml b/appendixa/autoconf-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b6d2f3554 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/autoconf-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Autoconf package contains the autoconf, autoheader, autoreconf, +autoscan, autoupdate and ifnames programs +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>autoconf</title> + +<para> +Autoconf is a tool for producing shell scripts that automatically +configure software source code packages to adapt to many kinds of +UNIX-like systems. The configuration scripts produced by Autoconf are +independent of Autoconf when they are run, so their users do not need to +have Autoconf. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>autoheader</title> + +<para> +The autoheader program can create a template file of C #define +statements for configure to use +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>autoreconf</title> + +<para> +If you have a lot of Autoconf-generated configure scripts, the +autoreconf program can save you some work. It runs autoconf (and +autoheader, where appropriate) repeatedly to remake the Autoconf +configure scripts and configuration header templates in the directory +tree rooted at the current directory. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>autoscan</title> + +<para> +The autoscan program can help you create a configure.in file for +a software package. autoscan examines source files in the directory +tree rooted at a directory given as a command line argument, or the +current directory if none is given. It searches the source files for +common portability problems and creates a file configure.scan which +is a preliminary configure.in for that package. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>autoupdate</title> + +<para> +The autoupdate program updates a configure.in file that calls +Autoconf macros by their old names to use the current macro names. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>ifnames</title> + +<para> +ifnames can help when writing a configure.in for a software +package. It prints the identifiers that the package already uses in C +preprocessor conditionals. If a package has already been set up to +have some portability, this program can help you figure out what its +configure needs to check for. It may help fill in some gaps in a +configure.in generated by autoscan. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/autoconf.sgml b/appendixa/autoconf.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f9c765090 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/autoconf.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-autoconf"> +<title>Autoconf</title> + +&aa-autoconf-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/automake-desc.sgml b/appendixa/automake-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..97cc37327 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/automake-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Automake package contains the aclocal and automake programs +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>aclocal</title> + +<para> +Automake includes a number of Autoconf macros which can be used in +your package; some of them are actually required by Automake in certain +situations. These macros must be defined in your aclocal.m4; +otherwise they will not be seen by autoconf. +</para> + +<para> +The aclocal program will automatically generate aclocal.m4 files +based on the contents of configure.in. This provides a convenient +way to get Automake-provided macros, without having to search around. +Also, the aclocal mechanism is extensible for use by other packages. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>automake</title> + +<para> +To create all the Makefile.in's for a package, run the automake +program in the top level directory, with no arguments. automake will +automatically find each appropriate Makefile.am (by scanning +configure.in) and generate the corresponding Makefile.in. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/automake.sgml b/appendixa/automake.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..aa27054fb --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/automake.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-automake"> +<title>Automake</title> + +&aa-automake-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/bash-desc.sgml b/appendixa/bash-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6c1a7e225 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/bash-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Bash package contains the bash program +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +Bash is the Bourne-Again SHell, which is a widely used command +interpreter on Unix systems. Bash is a program that reads from standard +input, the keyboard. You type something and the program will evaluate +what you have typed and do something with it, like running a program. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/bash.sgml b/appendixa/bash.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..410711ac4 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/bash.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-bash"> +<title>Bash</title> + +&aa-bash-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/bin86-desc.sgml b/appendixa/bin86-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6c5aa8b64 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/bin86-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Bin86 contains the as86, as86_encap, ld86, objdump86, nm86 and +size86 programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>as86</title> + +<para> +as86 is an assembler for the 8086...80386 processors. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>as86_encap</title> + +<para> +as86_encap is a shell script to call as86 and convert the created binary +into a C file prog.v to be included in or linked with programs like boot +block installers. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>ld86</title> + +<para> +ld86 understands only the object files produced by the as86 assembler, it +can link them into either an impure or a separate I&D executable. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>objdump86</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>nm86</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>size86</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/bin86.sgml b/appendixa/bin86.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0da345b10 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/bin86.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-bin86"> +<title>Bin86</title> + +&aa-bin86-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/binutils-desc.sgml b/appendixa/binutils-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6211265cf --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/binutils-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,156 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Description</title> + +<para> +The Binutils package contains the ld, as, ar, nm, objcopy, objdump, +ranlib, size, strings, strip, c++filt, addr2line and nlmconv programs +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>ld</title> + +<para> +ld combines a number of object and archive files, relocates their data +and ties up symbol references. Often the last step in building a new compiled +program to run is a call to ld. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>as</title> + +<para> +as is primarily intended to assemble the output of the GNU C compiler gcc +for use by the linker ld. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>ar</title> + +<para> +The ar program creates, modifies, and extracts from archives. An archive is +a single file holding a collection of other files in a structure that makes +it possible to retrieve the original individual files (called members of +the archive). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>nm</title> + +<para> +nm lists the symbols from object files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>objcopy</title> + +<para> +objcopy utility copies the contents of an object file to another. objcopy +uses the GNU BFD Library to read and write the object files. It can write +the destination object file in a format different from that of the source +object file. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>objdump</title> + +<para> +objdump displays information about one or more object files. The options +control what particular information to display. This information is mostly +useful to programmers who are working on the compilation tools, as opposed to +programmers who just want their program to compile and work. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>ranlib</title> + +<para> +ranlib generates an index to the contents of an archive, and stores it in +the archive. The index lists each symbol defined by a member of an archive +that is a relocatable object file. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>size</title> + +<para> +size lists the section sizes --and the total size-- for each of the object +files objfile in its argument list. By default, one line of output is +generated for each object file or each module in an archive. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>strings</title> + +<para> +For each file given, strings prints the printable character sequences +that are at least 4 characters long (or the number specified with an +option to the program) and are followed by an unprintable character. By +default, it only prints the strings from the initialized and loaded +sections of object files; for other types of files, it prints the strings +from the whole file. +</para> + +<para> +strings is mainly useful for determining the contents of non-text files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>strip</title> + +<para> +strip discards all or specific symbols from object files. The list of +object files may include archives. At least one object file must be +given. strip modifies the files named in its argument, rather than writing +modified copies under different names. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>c++filt</title> + +<para> +The C++ language provides function overloading, which means that you can +write many functions with the same name (providing each takes parameters +of different types). All C++ function names are encoded into a low-level +assembly label (this process is known as mangling). The c++filt program +does the inverse mapping: it decodes (demangles) low-level names into +user-level names so that the linker can keep these overloaded functions +from clashing. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>addr2line</title> + +<para> +addr2line translates program addresses into file names and line numbers. +Given an address and an executable, it uses the debugging information in +the executable to figure out which file name and line number are associated +with a given address. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>nlmconv</title> + +<para> +nlmconv converts relocatable object files into the NetWare Loadable Module +files, optionally reading header files for NLM header information. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/binutils.sgml b/appendixa/binutils.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9eae1e4a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/binutils.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-binutils"> +<title>Binutils</title> + +&aa-binutils-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/bison-desc.sgml b/appendixa/bison-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7e3fff7e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/bison-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Bison package contains the bison program. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +Bison is a parser generator, a replacement for YACC. YACC stands for Yet +Another Compiler Compiler. What is Bison then? It is a program that +generates a program that analyses the structure of a textfile. Instead +of +writing the actual program you specify how things should be connected +and with +those rules a program is constructed that analyses the textfile. +</para> + +<para> +There are alot of examples where structure is needed and one of them is +the +calculator. +</para> + +<para> +Given the string : +</para> + +<blockquote><literallayout> + 1 + 2 * 3 +</literallayout></blockquote> + +<para> +You can easily come to the result 7. Why ? Because of the structure. You +know +how to interpretet the string. The computer doesn't know that and Bison +is a +tool to help it understand by presenting the string in the following way +to the compiler: +</para> + +<blockquote><literallayout> + + + + / \ + * 1 + / \ + 2 3 +</literallayout></blockquote> + +<para> +You start at the bottom of a tree and you come across the numbers 2 and +3 which are joined by the multiplication symbol, so the computers +multiplies 2 and 3. The result of that multiplication is remembered and +the next thing that the computer sees is the result of 2*3 and the +number 1 which are joined by the add symbol. Adding 1 to the previous +result makes 7. In calculating the most complex calculations can be +broken down in this tree format and the computer just starts at the +bottom and works it's way up to the top and comes with the correct +answer. Of course, Bison isn't only used for calculators alone. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/bison.sgml b/appendixa/bison.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..afa11bc1d --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/bison.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-bison"> +<title>Bison</title> + +&aa-bison-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/bzip2-desc.sgml b/appendixa/bzip2-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..1bda00d6f --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/bzip2-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Bzip2 packages contains the bzip2, bunzip2, bzcat and bzip2recover +programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>Bzip2</title> + +<para> +bzip2 compresses files using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text +compression algorithm, and Huffman coding. Compression is generally +considerably better than that achieved by more conventional LZ77/LZ78-based +compressors, and approaches the performance of the PPM family of statistical +compressors. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>Bunzip2</title> + +<para> +Bunzip2 decompresses files that are compressed with bzip2. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>bzcat</title> + +<para> +bzcat (or bzip2 -dc) decompresses all specified files to the standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>bzip2recover</title> + +<para> +bzip2recover recovers data from damaged bzip2 files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/bzip2.sgml b/appendixa/bzip2.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..17b6a0d1f --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/bzip2.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-bzip2"> +<title>Bzip2</title> + +&aa-bzip2-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/consoledata-desc.sgml b/appendixa/consoledata-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d4a110a46 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/consoledata-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The console-data package contains the data files that are used and +needed by the console-tools package. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/consoledata.sgml b/appendixa/consoledata.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d024c2f0e --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/consoledata.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-console-data"> +<title>Console-data</title> + +&aa-consoledata-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/consoletools-desc.sgml b/appendixa/consoletools-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0071e2d07 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/consoletools-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,338 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Console-tools package contains the charset, chvt, consolechars, +deallocvt, dumpkeys, fgconsole, fix_bs_and_del, font2psf, getkeycodes, +kbd_mode, loadkeys, loadunimap, mapscrn, mk_modmap, openvt, psfaddtable, +psfgettable, psfstriptable, resizecons, saveunimap, screendump, setfont, +setkeycodes, setleds, setmetamode, setvesablank, showcfont, showkey, +splitfont, unicode_start, unicode_stop, vcstime, vt-is-URF8, writevt +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>Description</title> + +<sect3> +<title>charset</title> + +<para> +charset sets an ACM for use in one of the G0/G1 charsets slots. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>chvt</title> + +<para> +chvt changes foreground virtual terminal. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>codepage</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>consolechars</title> + +<para> +consolechars loads EGA/VGA console screen fonts, screen font maps and/or +application-charset maps. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>deallocvt</title> + +<para> +deallocvt deallocates unused virtual terminals. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>dumpkeys</title> + +<para> +dumpkeys dumps keyboard translation tables. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>fgconsole</title> + +<para> +fgconsole prints the number of the active virtual terminal. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>fix_bs_and_del</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>font2psf</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>getkeycodes</title> + +<para> +getkeycodes prints the kernel scancode-to-keycode mapping table. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>kbd_mode</title> + +<para> +kbd_mode reports or sets the keyboard mode. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>loadkeys</title> + +<para> +loadkeys loads keyboard translation tables. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>loadunimap</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>mapscrn</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>mk_modmap</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>openvt</title> + +<para> +openvt starts a program on a new virtual terminal. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>psfaddtable</title> + +<para> +psfaddtable adds a Unicode character table to a console font. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>psfgettable</title> + +<para> +psfgettable extracts the embedded Unicode character table from a console +font. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>psfstriptable</title> + +<para> +psfstriptable removes the embedded Unicode character table from a +console font. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>resizecons</title> + +<para> +resizecons changes the kernel idea of the console size. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>saveunimap</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>screendump</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>setfont</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>setkeycodes</title> + +<para> +setkeycodes loads kernel scancode-to-keycode mapping table entries. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>setleds</title> + +<para> +setleds sets the keyboard leds. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>setmetamode</title> + +<para> +setmetamode defines the keyboard meta key handling. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>setvesablank</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>showcfont</title> + +<para> +showcfont displays all character in the current screenfont. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>showkey</title> + +<para> +showkey examines the scancodes and keycodes sent by the keyboard. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>splitfont</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>unicode_start</title> + +<para> +unicode_start puts the console in Unicode mode. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>unicode_stop</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>vcstime</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>vt-is-UTF8</title> + +<para> +vt-is-UTF8 checks whether the current virtual terminal is in UTF8- or +byte-mode. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>writevt</title> + +<para> +No description available. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/consoletools.sgml b/appendixa/consoletools.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e4b1fa6b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/consoletools.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-console-tools"> +<title>Console-tools</title> + +&aa-consoletools-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/diffutils-desc.sgml b/appendixa/diffutils-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..74b887a89 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/diffutils-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Diffutils package contains the cmp, diff, diff3 and sdiff programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>cmp and diff</title> + +<para> +cmp and diff both compare two files and report their differences. Both +programs have extra options which compare files in different situations. +</para + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>diff3</title> + +<para> +The difference between diff and diff3 is that diff comprares 2 files, +diff3 compares 3 files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>sdiff</title> + +<para> +sdiff merges two two files and interactively outputs the results. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/diffutils.sgml b/appendixa/diffutils.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..089dbc318 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/diffutils.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-diffutils"> +<title>Diffutils</title> + +&aa-diffutils-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/e2fsprogs-desc.sgml b/appendixa/e2fsprogs-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..52618e3ef --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/e2fsprogs-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The e2fsprogs package contains the chattr, lsattr, uuidgen, badblocks, +debugfs, dumpe2fs, e2fsck, e2label, fsck, fsck.ext2, mke2fs, mkfs.ext2, +mklost+found and tune2fs programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>chattr</title> + +<para> +chattr changes the file attributes on a Linux second extended file system. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>lsattr</title> + +<para> +lsattr lists the file attributes on a second extended file system. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>uuidgen</title> + +<para> +The uuidgen program creates a new universally unique identifier (UUID) +using the libuuid library. The new UUID can reasonably be considered unique +among all UUIDs created on the local system, and among UUIDs created on other +systems in the past and in the future. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>badblocks</title> + +<para> +badblocks is used to search for bad blocks on a device (usually a disk +partition). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>debugfs</title> + +<para> +The debugfs program is a file system debugger. It can be used to examine +and change the state of an ext2 file system. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>dumpe2fs</title> + +<para> +dumpe2fs prints the super block and blocks group information for the +filesystem present on a specified device. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>e2fsck and fsck.ext2</title> + +<para> +e2fsck is used to check a Linux second extended file system. fsck.ext2 +does the same as e2fsck. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>e2label</title> + +<para> +e2label will display or change the filesystem label on the ext2 filesystem +located on the specified device. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>fsck</title> + +<para> +fsck is used to check and optionally repair a Linux file system. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>mke2fs and mkfs.ext2</title> + +<para> +mke2fs is used to create a Linux second extended file system on a device +(usually a disk partition). mkfs.ext2 does the same as mke2fs. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>mklost+found</title> + +<para> +mklost+found is used to create a lost+found directory in the current +working directory on a Linux second extended file system. mklost+found +pre-allocates disk blocks to the directory to make it usable by e2fsck. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>tune2fs</title> + +<para> +tune2fs adjusts tunable filesystem parameters on a Linux second extended +filesystem. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/e2fsprogs.sgml b/appendixa/e2fsprogs.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5dd9cd6e5 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/e2fsprogs.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-e2fsprogs"> +<title>E2fsprogs</title> + +&aa-e2fsprogs-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/ed-desc.sgml b/appendixa/ed-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6cc438ae9 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/ed-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Ed package contains the ed program. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +Ed is a line-oriented text editor. It is used to create, display, +modify and +otherwise manipulate text files. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/ed.sgml b/appendixa/ed.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2d7a0a596 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/ed.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-ed"> +<title>Ed</title> + +&aa-ed-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/file-desc.sgml b/appendixa/file-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b93a53355 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/file-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The File package contains the file program. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +File tests each specified file in an attempt to classify it. There are +three sets of tests, performed in this order: filesystem tests, +magic number tests, and language tests. The first test that succeeds +causes the file type to be printed. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/file.sgml b/appendixa/file.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f607ec4e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/file.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-file"> +<title>File</title> + +&aa-file-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/fileutils-desc.sgml b/appendixa/fileutils-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e22f2045c --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/fileutils-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,186 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Fileutils package contains the chgrp, chmod, chown, cp, dd, df, dir, +dircolors, du, install, ln, ls, mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, mv, rm, rmdir, +sync, touch and vdir programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>chgrp</title> + +<para> +chgrp changes the group ownership of each given file to the named group, +which can be either a group name or a numeric group ID. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>chmod</title> + +<para> +chmod changes the permissions of each given file according to mode, which +can be either a symbolic representation of changes to make, or an octal +number representing the bit pattern for the new permissions. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>chown</title> + +<para> +chown changes the user and/or group ownership of each given file. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>cp</title> + +<para> +cp copies files from one place to another. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>dd</title> + +<para> +dd copies a file (from the standard input to the standard output, by default) +with a user-selectable blocksize, while optionally performing conversions +on it. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>df</title> + +<para> +df displays the amount of disk space available on the filesystem +containing each file name argument. If no file name is given, the space +available on all currently mounted filesystems is shown. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>ls, dir and vdir</title> + +<para> +dir and vdir are versions of ls with different default output formats. +These programs list each given file or directory name. Directory contents +are sorted alphabetically. For ls, files are by default listed in columns, +sorted vertically, if the standard output is a terminal; otherwise they +are listed one per line. For dir, files are by default listed in columns, +sorted vertically. For vdir, files are by default listed in long format. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>dircolors</title> + +<para> +dircolors outputs commands to set the LS_COLOR environment variable. +The LS_COLOR variable is use to change the default color scheme used by +ls and related utilities. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>du</title> + +<para> +du displays the amount of disk space used by each argument and for each +subdirectory of directory arguments. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>install</title> + +<para> +install copies files and sets their permission modes and, if possible, +their owner and group. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>ln</title> + +<para> +ln makes hard or soft (symbolic) links between files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>mkdir</title> + +<para> +mkdir creates directories with a given name. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>mkfifo</title> + +<para> +mkfifo creates a FIFO with each given name. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>mknod</title> + +<para> +mknod creates a FIFO, character special file, or block special file with the +given file name. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>mv</title> + +<para> +mv moves files from one directory to another or renames files, depending +on the arguments given to mv. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>rm</title> + +<para> +rm removes files or directories. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>rmdir</title> + +<para> +rmdir removes directories, if they are empty. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>sync</title> + +<para> +sync forces changed blocks to disk and updates the super block. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>touch</title> + +<para> +touch changes the access and modification times of each given file to the +current time. Files that do not exist are created empty. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/fileutils.sgml b/appendixa/fileutils.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5b147068e --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/fileutils.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-fileutils"> +<title>Fileutils</title> + +&aa-fileutils-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/findutils-desc.sgml b/appendixa/findutils-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4aaa829c4 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/findutils-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,61 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Findutils package contains the find, locate, updatedb and xargs +programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>Find</title> + +<para> +The find program searches for files in a directory hierarchy which match +a certain criteria. If no criteria is given, it lists all files in the +current directory and it's subdirectories. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>Locate</title> + +<para> +Locate scans a database which contain all files and directories on a +filesystem. This program lists the files and directories in this +database matching a certain criteria. If you're looking for a file this +program will scan the database and tell you exactly where the files you +requested are located. This only makes sense if your locate database is +fairly up-to-date else it will provide you with out-of-date information. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>Updatedb</title> + +<para> +The updatedb program updates the locate database. It scans the entire +file system (including other file system that are currently mounted +unless you specify it not to) and puts every directory and file it finds +into the database that's used by the locate program which retrieves this +information. It's a good practice to update this database once a day so +that you are ensured of a database that is up-to-date. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>Xargs</title> + +<para> +The xargs command applies a command to a list of files. If you need to +perform the same command on multiple files, you can create a file that +contains all these files (one per line) and use xargs to perform that +command on the list. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/findutils.sgml b/appendixa/findutils.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b5963f755 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/findutils.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-findutils"> +<title>Findutils</title> + +&aa-findutils-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/flex-desc.sgml b/appendixa/flex-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f62592463 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/flex-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Flex package contains the flex program +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +Flex is a tool for generating programs which regognize patterns in text. +Pattern recognition is very useful in many applications. You set up rules +what to look for and flex will make a program that looks for those +patterns. The reason people use flex is that it is much easier to set up +rules for what to look for than to write the actual program that finds +the text. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/flex.sgml b/appendixa/flex.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..78b4e7490 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/flex.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-flex"> +<title>Flex</title> + +&aa-flex-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/gcc-desc.sgml b/appendixa/gcc-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cff8315fe --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/gcc-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The GCC package contains compilers, preprocessors and the GNU C++ +Library. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>Compiler</title> + +<para> +A compiler translates source code in text format to a format +that a computer understands. After a source code file is compiled into +an object file, a linker will create an executable file from one or more +of these compiler generated object files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>Pre-processor</title> + +<para> +A pre-processor pre-processes a source file, such as including +the contents of header files into the source file. You generally don't +do this yourself to save yourself a lot of time. You just insert a line +like #include <filename>. The pre-processor file insert the +contents of that file into the source file. That's one of the things a +pre-processor does. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>C++ Library</title> + +<para> +The C++ library is used by C++ programs. The C++ library contains +functions that are frequently used in C++ programs. This way the +programmer doesn't have to write certain functions (such as writing a +string of text to the screen) from scratch every time he creates a +program. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/gcc.sgml b/appendixa/gcc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..274e25d27 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/gcc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-gcc"> +<title>GCC</title> + +&aa-gcc-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/gettext-desc.sgml b/appendixa/gettext-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bc8102d97 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/gettext-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The gettext package contains the gettext, gettextize, msgcmp, msgcomm, +msgfmt, msgmerge, msgunfmt and xgettext programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>gettext</title> + +<para> +The gettext package is used for internationalization (also known as +i18n) and for localization (also known as l10n). Programs can be +compiled with Native Language Support (NLS) which enable them to output +messages in your native language rather than in the default English +language. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/gettext.sgml b/appendixa/gettext.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a3ab61c61 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/gettext.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-gettext"> +<title>Gettext</title> + +&aa-gettext-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/glibc-desc.sgml b/appendixa/glibc-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b7d3a7ed3 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/glibc-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Glibc package contains the GNU C Library. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +The C Library is a collection of commonly used functions in programs. +This way a programmer doens't need to create his own functions for every +single task. The most common things like writing a string to your screen +are already present and at the disposal of the programmer. +</para> + +<para> +The C library (actually almost every library) come in two flavours: +dynamic ones and static ones. In short when a program uses a static C +library, the code from the C library will be copied into the executable +file. When a program uses a dynamic library, that executable will not +contain the code from the C library, but instead a routine that loads +the functions from the library at the time the program is run. This +means a significant decrease in the file size of a program. If you don't +understand this concept, you better read the documentation that comes +with the C Library as it is too complicated to explain here in one or +two lines. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/glibc.sgml b/appendixa/glibc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..bc79e78f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/glibc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-glibc"> +<title>Glibc</title> + +&aa-glibc-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/grep-desc.sgml b/appendixa/grep-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ae0500583 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/grep-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The grep package contains the egrep, fgrep and grep programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>egrep</title> + +<para> +egrep prints lines from files matching an extended regular expression +pattern. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>fgrep</title> + +<para> +fgrep prints lines from files matching a list of fixed strings, +separated by newlines, any of which is to be matched. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>grep</title> + +<para> +grep prints lines from files matching a basic regular expression +pattern. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/grep.sgml b/appendixa/grep.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e454dd114 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/grep.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-grep"> +<title>Grep</title> + +&aa-grep-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/groff-desc.sgml b/appendixa/groff-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..21629cfe5 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/groff-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,234 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Groff packages contains the addftinfo, afmtodit, eqn, grodvi, groff, +grog, grohtml, grolj4, grops, grotty, hpftodit, indxbib, lkbib, lookbib, +neqn, nroff, pfbtops, pic, psbb, refer, soelim, tbl, tfmtodit and troff +programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>addftinfo</title> + +<para> +addftinfo reads a troff font file and adds some additional font-metric +information that is used by the groff system. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>afmtodit</title> + +<para> +afmtodit creates a font file for use with groff and grops. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>eqn</title> + +<para> +eqn compiles descriptions of equations embedded within troff input files +into commands that are understood by troff. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>grodvi</title> + +<para> +grodvi is a driver for groff that produces TeX dvi format. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>groff</title> + +<para> +groff is a front-end to the groff document formatting system. Normally it +runs the troff program and a postprocessor appropriate for the selected +device. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>grog</title> + +<para> +grog reads files and guesses which of the groff options -e, -man, -me, -mm, +-ms, -p, -s, and -t are required for printing files, and prints the groff +command including those options on the standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>grohtml</title> + +<para> +grohtml translates the output of GNU troff to html +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>grolj4</title> + +<para> +grolj4 is a driver for groff that produces output in PCL5 format suitable +for an HP Laserjet 4 printer. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>grops</title> + +<para> +grops translates the output of GNU troff to PostScript. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>grotty</title> + +<para> +grotty translates the output of GNU troff into a form suitable for +typewriter-like devices. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>hpftodit</title> + +<para> +hpftodit creates a font file for use with groff -Tlj4 from an HP +tagged font metric file. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>indxbib</title> + +<para> +indxbib makes an inverted index for the bibliographic databases a +specified file for use with refer, lookbib, and lkbib. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>lkbib</title> + +<para> +lkbib searches bibliographic databases for references that contain +specified keys and prints any references found on the standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>lookbib</title> + +<para> +lookbib prints a prompt on the standard error (unless the standard input +is not a terminal), reads from the standard input a line containing a set +of keywords, searches the bibliographic databases in a specified file for +references containing those keywords, prints any references found on the +standard output, and repeats this process until the end of input. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>neqn</title> + +<para> +It is currently not known what neqn is and what it does. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>nroff</title> + +<para> +The nroff script emulates the nroff command using groff. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>pfbtops</title> + +<para> +pfbtops translates a PostScript font in .pfb format to ASCII. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>pic</title> + +<para> +pic compiles descriptions of pictures embedded within troff or TeX input +files into commands that are understood by TeX or troff. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>psbb</title> + +<para> +psbb reads a file which should be a PostScript document conforming to the +Document Structuring conventions and looks for a %%BoundingBox comment. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>refer</title> + +<para> +refer copies the contents of a file to the standard output, except that +lines between .[ and .] are interpreted as citations, and lines between .R1 +and .R2 are interpreted as commands about how citations are to be +processed. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>soelim</title> + +<para> +soelim reads files and replaces lines of the form +<emphasis>.so file</emphasis> by the contents of +<emphasis>file</emphasis>. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>tbl</title> + +<para> +tbl compiles descriptions of tables embedded within troff input files +into commands that are understood by troff. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>tfmtodit</title> + +<para> +tfmtodit creates a font file for use with <userinput>groff +-Tdvi</userinput> +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>troff</title> + +<para> +troff is highly compatible with Unix troff. Usually it should be invoked +using the groff command, which will also run preprocessors and +postprocessors in the appropriate order and with the appropriate options. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/groff.sgml b/appendixa/groff.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9edac1e33 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/groff.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-groff"> +<title>Groff</title> + +&aa-groff-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/gzip-desc.sgml b/appendixa/gzip-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..98398fd63 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/gzip-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Gzip package contains the compress, gunzip, gzexe, gzip, uncompress, +zcat, zcmp, zdiff, zforece, zgrep, zmore and znew programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>gunzip</title> + +<para> +gunzip decompresses files that are compressed with gzip. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>gzexe</title> + +<para> +gzexe allows you to compress executables in place and have them +automatically uncompress and execute when you run them (at a penalty in +performance). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>gzip</title> + +<para> +gzip reduces the size of the named files using Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>zcat</title> + +<para> +zcat uncompresses either a list of files on the command line or its +standard input and writes the uncompressed data on standard output +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>zcmp</title> + +<para> +zcmp invokes the cmp program on compressed files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>zdiff</title> + +<para> +zdiff invokes the diff program on compressed files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>zforce</title> + +<para> +zforce forces a .gz extension on all gzip files so that gzip will not +compress them twice. This can be useful for files with names truncated +after a file transfer. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>zgrep</title> + +<para> +zgrep invokes the grep program on compressed files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>zmore</title> + +<para> +Zmore is a filter which allows examination of compressed or plain text +files one screenful at a time on a soft-copy terminal (similar to the +more program). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>znew</title> + +<para> +Znew recompresses files from .Z (compress) format to .gz (gzip) format. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/gzip.sgml b/appendixa/gzip.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..52baf9dc7 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/gzip.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-gzip"> +<title>Gzip</title> + +&aa-gzip-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/introduction.sgml b/appendixa/introduction.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a8d2d5087 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/introduction.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-intro"> +<title>Introduction</title> + + +<para> +This appendix describes the following aspect of each and every package +that is installed in this book: +</para> + +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem><para> + What every package contains +</para></listitem> + +<listitem><para> + What every program from a package does +</para></listitem> + +</itemizedlist> + +<para> +The packages are listed in the same order as they are installed in +chapter 5 (Intel system) or chapter 11 (PPC systems). +</para> + +<para> +Most information about these packages (especially the descriptions of +it) come from the man pages from those packages. I'm not going to print +the entire man page, just the core elements to make you understand what +a program does. If you want to know full details on a program, I suggest +you start by reading the complete man page in addition to this appendix. +</para> + +<para> +You will also find that certain packages are documented more in depth +than others. The reason is that I just happen to know more about certain +packages than I know about others. If you have anything to add on the +following descriptions, please don't hesitate to email me. This list is +going to contain an in depth description of every package installed, but +I can't do this on my own. I have had help from various people but more +help is needed. +</para> + +<para> +Please note that currently only what a package does is described and not +why you need to install it. That will be added later. +</para> + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/kernel-desc.sgml b/appendixa/kernel-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..48b240640 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/kernel-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +<sect2><title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Linux kernel package contains the Linux kernel. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +The Linux kernel is at the core of every Linux system. It's what makes +Linux tick. When you turn on your computer and boot a Linux system, the +very first piece of Linux software that gets loaded is the kernel. The +kernel initializes the system's hardware components such as serial +ports, parallel ports, sound cards, network cards, IDE controllers, SCSI +controllers and a lot more. In a nutshell the kernel makes the hardware +available so that the software can run. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/kernel.sgml b/appendixa/kernel.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c964dc6db --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/kernel.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-kernel"> +<title>Linux kernel</title> + +&aa-kernel-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/ldso-desc.sgml b/appendixa/ldso-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6b16c09dc --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/ldso-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +<sect2><title>Contents</title> + +<para> +From the Ld.so package we're using the ldconfig and ldd programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>ldconfig</title> + +<para> +ldconfig creates the necessary links and cache (for use by the run-time +linker, ld.so) to the most recent shared libraries found in the directories +specified on the command line, in the file /etc/ld.so.conf, and in the trusted +directories (/usr/lib and /lib). ldconfig checks the header and file names +of the libraries it encounters when determining which versions should +have their links updated. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>ldd</title> + +<para> +ldd prints the shared libraries required by each program or shared library +specified on the command line. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/ldso.sgml b/appendixa/ldso.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..60c1fdb7d --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/ldso.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-ldso"> +<title>Ld.so</title> + +&aa-ldso-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/less-desc.sgml b/appendixa/less-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..260e97b28 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/less-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +<sect2><title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Less package contains the less program +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +The less program is a file pager (or text viewer). It displays the +contents +of a file with the ability to scroll. Less is an improvement on the +common +pager called <quote>more</quote>. Less has the ability to scroll +backwards +through files as well and it doesn't need to read the entire file when +it +starts, which makes it faster when you are reading large files. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/less.sgml b/appendixa/less.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e2710fc2b --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/less.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-less"> +<title>Less</title> + +&aa-less-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/libtool-desc.sgml b/appendixa/libtool-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a28179380 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/libtool-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +<sect2<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Libtool package contains the libtool and libtoolize programs. It +also contains the ltdl library. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>libtool</title> + +<para> +Libtool provides generalized library-building support services. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>libtoolize</title> + +<para> +libtoolize provides a standard way to add libtool support to your +package. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>ltdl library</title> + +<para> +Libtool provides a small library, called `libltdl', that aims at hiding +the various difficulties of dlopening libraries from programmers. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/libtool.sgml b/appendixa/libtool.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..3c63a2f26 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/libtool.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-libtool"> +<title>Libtool</title> + +&aa-libtool-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/lilo-desc.sgml b/appendixa/lilo-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..016bffb9f --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/lilo-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Lilo package contains the lilo program. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +lilo installs the Linux boot loader which is used to start a Linux +system. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/lilo.sgml b/appendixa/lilo.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fa9939eed --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/lilo.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-lilo"> +<title>Lilo</title> + +&aa-lilo-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/m4-desc.sgml b/appendixa/m4-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..94f57ef58 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/m4-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The M4 package contains the M4 processor +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>Description</title> + +<para> +M4 is a macro processor. It copies input to output expanding macros as it +goes. Macros are either builtin or user-defined and can take any number +of arguments. Besides just doing macro expansion m4 has builtin functions +for including named files, running UNIX commands, doing integer arithmetic, +manipulating text in various ways, recursion, etc. M4 can be used either +as a front-end to a compiler or as a macro processor in its own right. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/m4.sgml b/appendixa/m4.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fccac6958 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/m4.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-m4"> +<title>M4</title> + +&aa-m4-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/make-desc.sgml b/appendixa/make-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a6ca78cc7 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/make-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +<sect2><title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Make package contains the make program. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +make determine automatically which pieces of a large program need to be +recompiled, and issue the commands to recompile them. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/make.sgml b/appendixa/make.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..273c5774f --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/make.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-make"> +<title>Make</title> + +&aa-make-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/makedev-desc.sgml b/appendixa/makedev-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f2c52bc13 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/makedev-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +<sect2><title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The MAKEDEV package contains the MAKEDEV script. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +MAKEDEV is a script that can aid you in creating the necesarry static +device files that usually reside in the /dev directory. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/makedev.sgml b/appendixa/makedev.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..821d4a083 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/makedev.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-makedev"> +<title>MAKEDEV</title> + +&aa-makedev-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/man-desc.sgml b/appendixa/man-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b79360bf7 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/man-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +<sect2><title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Man package contains the man, apropos whatis and makewhatis +programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>man</title> + +<para> +man formats and displays the on-line manual pages. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>apropos</title> + +<para> +apropos searches a set of database files containing short descriptions +of system commands for keywords and displays the result on the standard +output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>whatis</title> + +<para> +whatis searches a set of database files containing short descriptions +of system commands for keywords and displays the result on the standard +output. Only complete word matches are displayed. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>makewhatis</title> + +<para> +makewhatis reads all the manual pages contained in given sections of +manpath or the preformatted pages contained in the given sections of +catpath. For each page, it writes a line in the whatis database; each +line consists of the name of the page and a short description, +separated by a dash. The description is extracted using the content of +the NAME section of the manual page. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/man.sgml b/appendixa/man.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..ce124555e --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/man.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-man"> +<title>Man</title> + +&aa-man-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/manpages-desc.sgml b/appendixa/manpages-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..2fa30e7bf --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/manpages-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +<sect2><title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Man-pages package contains various manual pages that don't come with +the packages. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +Examples of provided manual pages are the manual pages describing all +the C and C++ functions, few important /dev/ files and more. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/manpages.sgml b/appendixa/manpages.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6a00aefe7 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/manpages.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-man-pages"> +<title>Man-pages</title> + +&aa-manpages-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/mawk-desc.sgml b/appendixa/mawk-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..216f05f7e --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/mawk-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +<sect2><title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Mawk package contains the mawk program. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>mawk</title> + +<para> +Mawk is an interpreter for the AWK Programming Language. The AWK +language is useful for manipulation of data files, text retrieval and +processing, and for prototyping and experimenting with algorithms. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/mawk.sgml b/appendixa/mawk.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..af21dd2b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/mawk.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-mawk"> +<title>Mawk</title> + +&aa-mawk-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/modutils-desc.sgml b/appendixa/modutils-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cf0fb85fe --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/modutils-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Modutils package contains the depmod, genksyms, insmod, +insmod_ksymoops_clean, kerneld, kernelversion, ksyms, lsmod, modinfo, +modprobe and rmmod programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>depmod</title> + +<para> +depmod handles dependency descriptions for loadable kernel modules. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>genksyms</title> + +<para> +genksyms reads (on standard input) the output from gcc -E source.c +and generates a file containing version information. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>insmod</title> + +<para> +insmod installs a loadable module in the running kernel. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>insmod_ksymoops_clean</title> + +<para> +insmod_ksymoops_clean deletes saved ksyms and modules not accessed in +2 days. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>kerneld</title> + +<para> +kerneld performs kernel action in user space (such as on-demand loading of +modules) +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>kernelversion</title> + +<para> +kernelversion reports the major version of the running kernel. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>ksyms</title> + +<para> +ksyms displays exported kernel symbols. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>lsmod</title> + +<para> +lsmod shows information about all loaded modules. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>modinfo</title> + +<para> +modinfo examines an object file associated with a kernel module and +displays any information that it can glean. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>modprobe</title> + +<para> +Modprobe uses a Makefile-like dependency file, created by depmod, +to automatically load the relevant module(s) from the set of modules +available in predefined directory trees. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>rmmod</title> + +<para> +rmmod unloads loadable modules from the running kernel. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/modutils.sgml b/appendixa/modutils.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..17b1548d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/modutils.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-modutils"> +<title>Modutils</title> + +&aa-modutils-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/ncurses-desc.sgml b/appendixa/ncurses-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b1746faf5 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/ncurses-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Ncurses package contains the ncurses, panel, menu and form +libraries. It also contains the tic, infocmp, clear, tput, toe and tset +programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>The libraries</title> + +<para> +The libraries that make up the Ncurses library are used to display text +(often in a fancy way) on your screen. An example where ncurses is used +is in the kernel's <quote>make menuconfig</quote> process. The libraries +contain routines to create panels, menu's, form and general text display +routines. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>Tic</title> + +<para> +Tic is the terminfo entry-description compiler. The program translates a +terminfo file from source format into the binary format for use with the +ncurses library routines. Terminfo files contain information about the +capabilities of your terminal. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>Infocmp</title> + +<para> +The infocmp program can be used to compare a binary terminfo entry with +other +terminfo entries, rewrite a terminfo description to take advantage of +the +use= terminfo field, or print out a terminfo description from the +binary +file (term) in a variety of formats (the opposite of what tic does). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>clear</title> + +<para> +The clear program clears your screen if this is possible. It looks in +the environment for the terminal type and then in the terminfo database +to +figure out how to clear the screen. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>tput</title> + +<para> +The tput program uses the terminfo database to make the values of +terminal-dependent capabilities and information available to the shell, +to +initialize or reset the terminal, or return the long name of the +requested +terminal type. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>toe</title> + +<para> +The toe program lists all available terminal types by primary name with +descriptions. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>tset</title> + +<para> +The Tset program initializes terminals so they can be used, but it's not +widely used anymore. It's provided for 4.4BSD compatibility. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/ncurses.sgml b/appendixa/ncurses.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..6b73dbee4 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/ncurses.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-ncurses"> +<title>Ncurses</title> + +&aa-ncurses-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/patch-desc.sgml b/appendixa/patch-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..410df67d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/patch-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Patch package contains the patch program. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +The patch program modifies a file according to a patch file. A patch +file usually is a list created by the diff program that contains +instructions on how an original file needs to be modified. Patch is used +a lot for source code patches since it saves time and space. Imagine +you have a package that is 1MB in size. The next version of that package +only has changes in two files of the first version. You can ship an +entirely new package of 1MB or provide a patch file of 1KB which will +update the first version to make it identical to the second version. So +if you have downloaded the first version already, a patch file can +save you a second large download. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/patch.sgml b/appendixa/patch.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4a305f8e7 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/patch.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-patch"> +<title>Patch</title> + +&aa-patch-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/perl-desc.sgml b/appendixa/perl-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..52eaac0c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/perl-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Perl package contains Perl - Practical Extraction and Report +Language +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>Description</title> + +<para> +Perl combines the features and capabilities of C, awk, sed and sh into +one powerful programming language. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/perl.sgml b/appendixa/perl.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e639d73ba --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/perl.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-perl"> +<title>Perl</title> + +&aa-perl-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/procinfo-desc.sgml b/appendixa/procinfo-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8c6ff015c --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/procinfo-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Procinfo package contains the procinfo program. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +procinfo gathers some system data from the /proc directory +and prints it nicely formatted on the standard output device. +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/procinfo.sgml b/appendixa/procinfo.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..74a89ad7c --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/procinfo.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-procinfo"> +<title>Procinfo</title> + +&aa-procinfo-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/procps-desc.sgml b/appendixa/procps-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8c31cbcd2 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/procps-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Procps package contains the free, kill, oldps, ps, skill, snice, +sysctl, tload, top, uptime, vmstat, w and watch programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>free</title> + +<para> +free displays the total amount of free and used physical and swap memory +in the system, as well as the shared memory and buffers used by the kernel. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>kill</title> + +<para> +kills sends signals to processes. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>oldps and ps</title> + +<para> +ps gives a snapshot of the current processes. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>skill</title> + +<para> +skill sends signals to process matching a criteria. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>snice</title> + +<para> +snice changes the scheduling priority for process matching a criteria. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>sysctl</title> + +<para> +sysctl modifies kernel parameters at runtime. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>tload</title> + +<para> +tload prints a graph of the current system load average to the specified +tty (or the tty of the tload process if none is specified). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>top</title> + +<para> +top provides an ongoing look at processor activity in real time. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>uptime</title> + +<para> +uptime gives a one line display of the following information: the current +time, how long the system has been running, how many users are currently +logged on, and the system load averages for the past 1, 5, and 15 minutes. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>vmstat</title> + +<para> +vmstat reports information about processes, memory, paging, block IO, +traps, and cpu activity. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>w</title> + +<para> +w displays information about the users currently on the machine, and +their processes. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>watch</title> + +<para> +watch runs command repeatedly, displaying its output (the first screenfull). +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/procps.sgml b/appendixa/procps.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..168a6756b --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/procps.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-procps"> +<title>Procps</title> + +&aa-procps-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/psmisc-desc.sgml b/appendixa/psmisc-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a8cd4fe56 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/psmisc-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,39 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Psmisc package contains the fuser, killall and pstree programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>fuser</title> + +<para> +fuser displays the PIDs of processes using the specified files or file +systems. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>killall</title> + +<para> +killall sends a signal to all processes running any of the specified +commands. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>pstree</title> + +<para> +pstree shows running processes as a tree. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/psmisc.sgml b/appendixa/psmisc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0fff9ad0c --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/psmisc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-psmisc"> +<title>Psmisc</title> + +&aa-psmisc-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/sed-desc.sgml b/appendixa/sed-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..401fa9a82 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/sed-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Sed package contains the sed program. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<para> +sed is a stream editor. A stream editor is used to perform basic text +transformations on an input stream (a file or input from a pipeline). +</para> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/sed.sgml b/appendixa/sed.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c2cfe9844 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/sed.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-sed"> +<title>Sed</title> + +&aa-sed-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/shadowpwd-desc.sgml b/appendixa/shadowpwd-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..22cb73916 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/shadowpwd-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,273 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Shadow Password Suite contains the chage, chfn, chsh, expiry, +faillog, gpasswd, lastlog, login, newgrp, passwd, sg, su, chpasswd, +dpasswd, groupadd, groupdel, groupmod, grpck, grpconv, grpunconv, logoutd, +mkpasswd, newusers, pwck, pwconv, pwunconv, useradd, userdel, usermod +and vipw programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>chage</title> + +<para> +chage changes the number of days between password changes and the date of +the last password change. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>chfn</title> + +<para> +chfn changes user fullname, office number, office extension, and home +phone number information for a user's account. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>chsh</title> + +<para> +chsh changes the user login shell. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>expiry</title> + +<para> +It's currently unknown what this program is for. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>faillog</title> + +<para> +faillog formats the contents of the failure log,/var/log/faillog, and +maintains failure counts and limits. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>gpasswd</title> + +<para> +gpasswd is used to administer the /etc/group file +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>lastlog</title> + +<para> +lastlog formats and prints the contents of the last login log, +/var/log/lastlog. The login-name, port, and last login time will be printed. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>login</title> + +<para> +login is used to establish a new session with the system. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>newgrp</title> + +<para> +newgrp is used to change the current group ID during a login session. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>passwd</title> + +<para> +passwd changes passwords for user and group accounts. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>sg</title> + +<para> +sg executes command as a different group ID. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>su</title> + +<para> +Change the effective user id and group id to that of a user. This +replaces the su programs that's installed from the Shellutils package. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>chpasswd</title> + +<para> +chpasswd reads a file of user name and password pairs from standard +input and uses this information to update a group of existing users. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>dpasswd</title> + +<para> +dpasswd adds, deletes, and updates dialup passwords for user login shells. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>groupadd</title> + +<para> +The groupadd command creates a new group account using the values +specified on the command line and the default values from the system. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>groupdel</title> + +<para> +The groupdel command modifies the system account files, deleting all +entries that refer to group. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>groupmod</title> + +<para> +The groupmod command modifies the system account files to reflect the +changes that are specified on the command line. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>grpck</title> + +<para> +grpck verifies the integrity of the system authentication information. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>grpconv</title> + +<para> +grpunconv converts to shadow group files from normal group files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>grpunconv</title> + +<para> +grpunconv converts from shadow group files to normal group files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>logoutd</title> + +<para> +logoutd enforces the login time and port restrictions specified in +/etc/porttime. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>mkpasswd</title> + +<para> +mkpasswd reads a file in the format given by the flags and converts it +to the corresponding database file format. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>newusers</title> + +<para> +newusers reads a file of user name and cleartext password pairs and uses +this information to update a group of existing users or to create new users. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>pwck</title> + +<para> +pwck verifies the integrity of the system authentication information. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>pwconv</title> + +<para> +pwconv converts to shadow passwd files from normal passwd files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>pwunconv</title> + +<para> +pwunconv converts from shadow passwd files to normal files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>useradd</title> + +<para> +useradd creates a new user or update default new user information. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>userdel</title> + +<para> +userdel modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that +refer to a specified login name. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>usermod</title> + +<para> +usermod modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that +are specified on the command line. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>vipw and vigr</title> + +<para> +vipw and vigr will edit the files /etc/passwd and /etc/group, +respectively. With the -s flag, they will edit the shadow versions of +those files, /etc/shadow and /etc/gshadow, respectively. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/shadowpwd.sgml b/appendixa/shadowpwd.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9d337f3f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/shadowpwd.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-shadow"> +<title>Shadow Password Suite</title> + +&aa-shadowpwd-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/shellutils-desc.sgml b/appendixa/shellutils-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7a7b19c76 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/shellutils-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,302 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Shellutils package contains the basename, chroot, date, dirname, +echo, env, expr, factor, false, groups, hostid, hostname, id, logname, +nice, nohup, pathchk, pinky, printenv, printf, pwd, seq, sleep, stty, +su, tee, test, true, tty, uname, uptime, users, who, whoami and yes +programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>basename</title> + +<para> +basename strips directory and suffixes from filenames. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>chroot</title> + +<para> +chroot runs a command or interactive shell with special root directory. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>date</title> + +<para> +date displays the current time in a specified format, or sets the system +date. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>dirname</title> + +<para> +dirname strips non-directory suffixes from file name. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>echo</title> + +<para> +echo displays a line of text. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>env</title> + +<para> +env runs a program in a modified environment. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>expr</title> + +<para> +expr evaluates expressions. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>factor</title> + +<para> +factor prints the prime factors of all specified integer numbers. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>false</title> + +<para> +false always exits with a status code indicating failure. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>groups</title> + +<para> +groups prints the groups a user is in. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>hostid</title> + +<para> +hostid prints the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) for the current +host. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>hostname</title> + +<para> +hostname sets or prints the name of the current host system +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>id</title> + +<para> +id prints the real and effective UIDs and GIDs of a user or the current +user. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>logname</title> + +<para> +logname prints the current user's login name. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>nice</title> + +<para> +nice runs a program with modified scheduling priority. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>nohup</title> + +<para> +nohup runs a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>pathchk</title> + +<para> +pathchk checks whether file names are valid or portable. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>pinky</title> + +<para> +pinky is a lightweight finger utility which retrieves information about +a certain user +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>printenv</title> + +<para> +printenv prints all or part of the environment. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>printf</title> + +<para> +printf formats and print data (the same as the printf C function). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>pwd</title> + +<para> +pwd prints the name of the current/working directory +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>seq</title> + +<para> +seq prints numbers in a certain range with a certain increment. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>sleep</title> + +<para> +sleep delays for a specified amount of time. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>stty</title> + +<para> +stty changes and prints terminal line settings. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>su</title> + +<para> +su runs a shell with substitute user and group IDs +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>tee</title> + +<para> +tee reads from standard input and write to standard output and files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>test</title> + +<para> +test checks file types and compares values. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>true</title> + +<para> +True always exitx with a status code indicating success. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>tty</title> + +<para> +tty prints the file name of the terminal connected to standard input. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>uname</title> + +<para> +uname prints system information. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>uptime</title> + +<para> +uptime tells how long the system has been running. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>users</title> + +<para> +users prints the user names of users currently logged in to the +current host. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>who</title> + +<para> +who shows who is logged on. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>whoami</title> + +<para> +whoami prints your effective userid. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>yes</title> + +<para> +yes outputs a string repeatedly until killed. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/shellutils.sgml b/appendixa/shellutils.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..90f016af5 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/shellutils.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-shutils"> +<title>Shellutils</title> + +&aa-shellutils-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/sysklogd-desc.sgml b/appendixa/sysklogd-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b6ecc5ae3 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/sysklogd-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Sysklogd package contains the klogd and syslogd programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>klogd</title> + +<para> +klogd is a system daemon which intercepts and logs Linux kernel messages. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>syslogd</title> + +<para> +Syslogd provides a kind of logging that many modern programs use. Every +logged message contains at least a time and a hostname field, normally a +program name field, too, but that depends on how trusty the logging +program is. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/sysklogd.sgml b/appendixa/sysklogd.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8bcf312a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/sysklogd.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-sysklogd"> +<title>Sysklogd</title> + +&aa-sysklogd-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/sysvinit-desc.sgml b/appendixa/sysvinit-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4f8603ab2 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/sysvinit-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,160 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Sysvinit package contains the pidof, last, lastb, mesg, utmpdump, +wall, halt, init, killall5, poweroff, reboot, runlevel, shutdown, +sulogin and telinit programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>pidof</title> + +<para> +Pidof finds the process id's (pids) of the named programs and prints +those id's on standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>last</title> + +<para> +last searches back through the file /var/log/wtmp (or the file designated +by the -f flag) and displays a list of all users logged in (and out) +since that file was created. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>lastb</title> + +<para> +lastb is the same as last, except that by default it shows a log of the +file /var/log/btmp, which contains all the bad login attempts. + +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>mesg</title> + +<para> +Mesg controls the access to your terminal by others. It's typically +used to allow or disallow other users to write to your terminal. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>utmpdump</title> + +<para> +utmpdumps prints the content of a file (usually /var/run/utmp) on +standard output in a user friendly format. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>wall</title> + +<para> +Wall sends a message to everybody logged in with their mesg permission +set to yes. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>halt</title> + +<para> +Halt notes that the system is being brought down in the file +/var/log/wtmp, and then either tells the kernel to halt, reboot or +poweroff the system. If halt or reboot is called when the system is not +in runlevel 0 or 6, shutdown will be invoked instead (with the flag -h or -r). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>init</title> + +<para> +Init is the parent of all processes. Its primary role is to create +processes from a script stored in the file /etc/inittab. This +file usually has entries which cause init to spawn gettys on each line that +users can log in. It also controls autonomous processes required by any +particular system. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>killall5</title> + +<para> +killall5 is the SystemV killall command. It sends a signal to all +processes except the processes in its own session, so it won't kill the +shell that is running the script it was called from. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>poweroff</title> + +<para> +poweroff is equivalent to shutdown -h -p now. It halts the computer and +switches off the computer (when using an APM compliant BIOS and APM is +enabled in the kernel). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>reboot</title> + +<para> +reboot is equivalent to shutdown -r now. It reboots the computer. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>runlevel</title> + +<para> +Runlevel reads the system utmp file (typically /var/run/utmp) to locate +the runlevel record, and then prints the previous and current system +runlevel on its standard output, separated by a single space. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>shutdown</title> + +<para> +shutdown brings the system down in a secure way. All logged-in users are +notified that the system is going down, and login is blocked. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>sulogin</title> + +<para> +sulogin is invoked by init when the system goes into single user mode +(this is done through an entry in /etc/inittab). Init also tries to +execute sulogin when it is passed the -b flag from the bootmonitor (eg, LILO). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>telinit</title> + +<para> +telinit sends appropriate signals to init, telling it which runlevel to +change to. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/sysvinit.sgml b/appendixa/sysvinit.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5aad28186 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/sysvinit.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-sysvinit"> +<title>Sysvinit</title> + +&aa-sysvinit-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/tar-desc.sgml b/appendixa/tar-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b10ef2309 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/tar-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The tar package contains the tar and rmt programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>tar</title> + +<para> +tar is an archiving program designed to store and extract files from +an archive file known as a tarfile. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>rmt</title> + +<para> +rmt is a program used by the remote dump and restore programs in +manipulating a magnetic tape drive through an interprocess communication +connection. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/tar.sgml b/appendixa/tar.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9bc6707df --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/tar.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-tar"> +<title>Tar</title> + +&aa-tar-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/texinfo-desc.sgml b/appendixa/texinfo-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4cd7c9836 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/texinfo-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,64 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Texinfo package contains the info, install-info, makeinfo, texi2dvi +and texindex programs +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>Description</title> + +<sect3><title>info</title> + +<para> +The info program reads Info documents, usually contained in your +/usr/doc/info directory. Info documents are like man(ual) pages, but +they tend to be more in depth than just explaining the options to a +program. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>install-info</title> + +<para> +The install-info program updates the info entries. When you run the info +program a list with available topics (ie: available info documents) will +be presented. The install-info program is used to maintain this list of +available topics. If you decice to remove info files manually, you need +to delete the topic in the index file as well. This program is used for +that. It also works the other way around when you add info documents. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>makeinfo</title> + +<para> +The makeinfo program translates Texinfo source documents into various formats. +Available formats are: info files, plain text and HTML. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>texi2dvi</title> + +<para> +The texi2dvi program prints Texinfo documents +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3><title>texindex</title> + +<para> +The texindex program is used to sort Texinfo index files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/texinfo.sgml b/appendixa/texinfo.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..c5bc55132 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/texinfo.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-texinfo"> +<title>Texinfo</title> + +&aa-texinfo-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/textutils-desc.sgml b/appendixa/textutils-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4c619e47d --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/textutils-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,263 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Textutils package contains the cat, cksum, comm, split, cut, expand, +fmt, fold, head, join, md5sum, nl, od, paste, pr, ptx, sort, split, sum, +tac, tail, tr, tsort, unexpand, uniq and wc programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>Description</title> + +<sect3> +<title>cat</title> + +<para> +cat concatenates file(s) or standard input to standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>cksum</title> + +<para> +cksum prints CRC checksum and byte counts of each specified file. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>comm</title> + +<para> +comm compares two sorted files line by line. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>csplit</title> + +<para> +cplit outputs pieces of a file separated by (a) pattern(s) to files +xx01, xx02, ..., and outputs byte counts of each piece to standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>cut</title> + +<para> +cut prints selected parts of lines from specified files to standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>expand</title> + +<para> +expand converts tabs in files to spaces, writing to standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>fmt</title> + +<para> +fmt reformats each paragraph in the specified file(s), writing to standard +output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>fold</title> + +<para> +fold wraps input lines in each specified file (standard input by default), +writing to standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>head</title> + +<para> +Print first xx (10 by default) lines of each specified file to standard +output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>join</title> + +<para> +join joins lines of two files on a common field. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>md5sum</title> + +<para> +md5sum prints or checks MD5 checksums. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>nl</title> + +<para> +nl writes each specified file to standard output, with line numbers +added. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>od</title> + +<para> +od writes an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default, of a +specified file to standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>paste</title> + +<para> +paste writes lines consisting of the sequentially corresponding +lines from each specified file, separated by TABs, to standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>pr</title> + +<para> +pr paginates or columnates files for printing. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>ptx</title> + +<para> +ptx produces a permuted index of file contents. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>sort</title> + +<para> +sort writes sorted concatenation of files to standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>split</title> + +<para> +split outputs fixed-size pieces of an input file to PREFIXaa, PREFIXab, ... +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>sum</title> + +<para> +sum prints checksum and block counts for each specified file. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>tac</title> + +<para> +tac writes each specified file to standard output, last line first. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>tail</title> + +<para> +tail print the last xx (10 by default) lines of each specified file to +standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>tr</title> + +<para> +tr translates, squeezes, and/or deletes characters from standard +input, writing to standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>tsort</title> + +<para> +tsort writes totally ordered lists consistent with the partial ordering +in specified files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>unexpand</title> + +<para> +unexpand converts spaces in each file to tabs, writing to standard +output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>uniq</title> + +<para> +uniq discards all but one of successive identical lines from files or +standard input and writes to files or standard output. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>wc</title> + +<para> +wc prints line, word, and byte counts for each specified file, and a +total line if more than one file is specified. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/textutils.sgml b/appendixa/textutils.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..fba03c603 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/textutils.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-textutils"> +<title>Textutils</title> + +&aa-textutils-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/utillinux-desc.sgml b/appendixa/utillinux-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5b546c88a --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/utillinux-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,545 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Util-linux package contains the arch, dmesg, kill, more, +mount, umount, agetty, blockdev, cfdisk, ctrlaltdel, elvtune, fdisk, +fsck.minix, hwclock, kbdrate, losetup, mkfs, mkfs.bfs, mkfs.minix, +mkswap, sfdisk, swapoff, swapon, cal, chkdupexe, col, colcrt, colrm, +column, cytune, ddate, fdformat, getopt, hexdump, ipcrm, ipcs, logger, +look, mcookie, namei, rename, renice, rev, script, setfdprm, setsid, +setterm, ul, whereis, write, ramsize, rdev, readprofile, rootflags, +swapdev, tunelp and vidmode programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>Description</title> + +<sect3> +<title>arch</title> + +<para> +arch prints the machine architecture. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>dmesg</title> + +<para> +dmesg is used to examine or control the kernel ring buffer (boot +messages from the kernel). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>kill</title> + +<para> +kill sends a specified signal to the specified process. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>more</title> + +<para> +more is a filter for paging through text one screenful at a time. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>mount</title> + +<para> +mount mounts a filesystem from a device to a directory (mount point). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>umount</title> + +<para> +umount unmounts a mounted filesystem. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>agetty</title> + +<para> +agetty opens a tty port, prompts for a login name and invokes the +/bin/login command. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>blockdev</title> + +<para> +blockdev allows you to call block device ioctls from the command line +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>cfdisk</title> + +<para> +cfdisk is an libncurses based disk partition table manipulator. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>ctrlaltdel</title> + +<para> +ctrlaltdel sets the function of the CTRL+ALT+DEL key combination (hard +or soft reset). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>elvtune</title> + +<para> +elvtune allows to tune the I/O elevator per blockdevice queue basis. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>fdisk</title> + +<para> +fdisk is a disk partition table manipulator. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>fsck.minix</title> + +<para> +fsck.minix performs a consistency check for the Linux MINIX filesystem. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>hwclock</title> + +<para> +hwclock queries and sets the hardware clock (Also called the RTC or BIOS +clock). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>kbdrate</title> + +<para> +kbdrate resets the keyboard repeat rate and delay time. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>losetup</title> + +<para> +losetup sets up and controls loop devices. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>mkfs</title> + +<para> +mkfs builds a Linux filesystem on a device, usually a harddisk +partition. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>mkfs.bfs</title> + +<para> +mkfs.bfs creates a SCO bfs file system on a device, usually a harddisk +partition. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>mkfs.minix</title> + +<para> +mkfs.minix creates a Linux MINIX filesystem on a device, usually a +harddisk partition. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>mkswap</title> + +<para> +mkswap sets up a Linux swap area on a device or in a file. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>sfdisk</title> + +<para> +sfdisk is a disk partition table manipulator. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>swapoff</title> + +<para> +swapoff disables devices and files for paging an swapping. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>swapon</title> + +<para> +swapon enables devices and files for paging and swapping. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>cal</title> + +<para> +cal displays a simple calender. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>chkdupexe</title> + +<para> +chkdupexe finds duplicate executables. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>col</title> + +<para> +col filters reverse line feeds from input. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>colcrt</title> + +<para> +colcrt filters nroff output for CRT previewing. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>colrm</title> + +<para> +colrm removes columns from a file. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>column</title> + +<para> +column columnates lists. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>cytune</title> + +<para> +cytune queries and modifies the interruption threshold for the Cyclades +driver. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>ddate</title> + +<para> +ddate converts Gregorian dates to Discordian dates. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>fdformat</title> + +<para> +fdformat low-level formats a floppy disk. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>getopt</title> + +<para> +getops parses command options the same way as the getopt C command. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>hexdump</title> + +<para> +hexdump displays specified files, or standard input, in a user specified +format (ascii, decimal, hexadecimal, octal). +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>ipcrm</title> + +<para> +ipcrm removes a specified resource. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>ipcs</title> + +<para> +ipcs provides information on ipc facilities. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>logger</title> + +<para> +logger makes entries in the system log. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>look</title> + +<para> +look displays lines beginning with a given string. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>mcookie</title> + +<para> +mcookie generates magic cookies for xauth. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>namei</title> + +<para> +namei follows a pathname until a terminal point is found. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>rename</title> + +<para> +rename renames files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>renice</title> + +<para> +renice alters priority of running processes. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>rev</title> + +<para> +rev reverses lines of a file. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>script</title> + +<para> +script makes typescript of terminal session. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>setfdprm</title> + +<para> +setfdprm sets user-provides floppy disk parameters. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>setsid</title> + +<para> +setsid runs programs in a new session. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>setterm</title> + +<para> +setterm sets terminal attributes. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>ul</title> + +<para> +ul reads a file and translates occurences of underscores to the sequence +which indicates underlining for the terminal in use. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>whereis</title> + +<para> +whereis locates a binary, source and manual page for a command. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>write</title> + +<para> +write sends a message to another user. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>ramsize</title> + +<para> +ramsize queries and sets RAM disk size. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>rdev</title> + +<para> +rdev queries and sets image root device, swap device, RAM disk size, or +video mode. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>readprofile</title> + +<para> +readprofile reads kernel profiling information. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>rootflags</title> + +<para> +rootflags queries and sets extra information used when mounting root. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>swapdev</title> + +<para> +swapdev queries and sets swap device. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>tunelp</title> + +<para> +tunelp sets various paramters for the lp device. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>vidmode</title> + +<para> +vidmode queries and sets the video mode. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/utillinux.sgml b/appendixa/utillinux.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e83630b6c --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/utillinux.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-utillinux"> +<title>Util Linux</title> + +&aa-utillinux-desc; + +</sect1> + diff --git a/appendixa/vim-desc.sgml b/appendixa/vim-desc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4470954c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/vim-desc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ +<sect2> +<title>Contents</title> + +<para> +The Vim package contains the ctags, etags, ex, gview, gvim, rgview, +rgvim, rview, rvim, view, vim, vimtutor and xxd programs. +</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>Description</title> + +<sect3> +<title>ctags</title> + +<para> +ctags generate tag files for source code. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>etags</title> + +<para> +etags does the same as ctags but it can generate cross reference files +which list information about the various source objects found in a set +of lanugage files. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>ex</title> + +<para> +ex starts vim in Ex mode. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>gview</title> + +<para> +gview is the GUI version of view. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>gvim</title> + +<para> +gvim is the GUI version of vim. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>rgview</title> + +<para> +rgview is teh GUI version of rview. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>rgvim</title> + +<para> +rgvim is the GUI version of rvim. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>rview</title> + +<para> +rview is a restricted version of view. No shell commands can be started +and Vim can't be suspended. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>rvim</title> + +<para> +rvim is the restricted version of vim. No shell commands can be started +and Vim can't be suspended. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>view</title> + +<para> +view starts vim in read-only mode. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>vim</title> + +<para> +vim starts vim in the normal, default way. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>vimtutor</title> + +<para> +vimtutor starts the Vim tutor. +</para> + +</sect3> + +<sect3> +<title>xxd</title> + +<para> +xxd makes a hexdump or does the reverse. +</para> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> + diff --git a/appendixa/vim.sgml b/appendixa/vim.sgml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..0682a017e --- /dev/null +++ b/appendixa/vim.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +<sect1 id="aa-vim"> +<title>Vim</title> + +&aa-vim-desc; + +</sect1> + |