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Diffstat (limited to 'chapter06/coreutils.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/coreutils.xml | 785 |
1 files changed, 776 insertions, 9 deletions
diff --git a/chapter06/coreutils.xml b/chapter06/coreutils.xml index d4c93c84b..6df281e33 100644 --- a/chapter06/coreutils.xml +++ b/chapter06/coreutils.xml @@ -3,13 +3,15 @@ <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> %general-entities; ]> -<sect1 id="ch-system-coreutils" xreflabel="Coreutils" role="wrap"> +<sect1 id="ch-system-coreutils" role="wrap"> <title>Coreutils-&coreutils-version;</title> <?dbhtml filename="coreutils.html"?> <indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils"><primary sortas="a-Coreutils">Coreutils</primary></indexterm> <sect2 role="package"><title/> +<para>The Coreutils package contains utilities for showing and setting the +basic system characteristics.</para> <segmentedlist> <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> @@ -17,16 +19,25 @@ <seglistitem><seg>0.9 SBU</seg><seg>69 MB</seg></seglistitem> </segmentedlist> +<segmentedlist> +<segtitle>Coreutils installation depends on</segtitle> +<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils, GCC, +Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Perl, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> +</segmentedlist> </sect2> <sect2 role="installation"> <title>Installation of Coreutils</title> -<para>Apply a patch:</para> +<para>A known issue with the <command>uname</command> program from +this package is that the <parameter>-p</parameter> switch always +returns <computeroutput>unknown</computeroutput>. The following patch +fixes this behavior for Intel architectures:</para> <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../coreutils-&coreutils-version;-uname-2.patch</userinput></screen> -<para>Apply another patch:</para> +<para>Prevent Coreutils from installing binaries that will be later be +installed by other packages:</para> <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i \ ../coreutils-&coreutils-version;-suppress_uptime_kill_su-1.patch</userinput></screen> @@ -39,21 +50,30 @@ <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen> +<para>The test suite of Coreutils makes several assumptions about the +presence of files and users that are not valid this early in the LFS +build. Therefore, additional items need to be set up before running +the tests. Skip down to <quote>Install the package</quote> if +not running the test suite.</para> + <para>Create two dummy groups and a dummy user name:</para> <screen><userinput>echo "dummy1:x:1000:" >> /etc/group echo "dummy2:x:1001:dummy" >> /etc/group echo "dummy:x:1000:1000:::/bin/bash" >> /etc/passwd</userinput></screen> -<para>Run the <emphasis>root</emphasis> tests:</para> +<para>Now the test suite is ready to be run. First, run the tests that +are meant to be run as user <emphasis>root</emphasis>:</para> <screen><userinput>make NON_ROOT_USERNAME=dummy check-root</userinput></screen> -<para>Run the user tests:</para> +<para>Then run the remainder of the tests as the +<emphasis>dummy</emphasis> user:</para> <screen><userinput>src/su dummy -c "make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check"</userinput></screen> -<para>Remove the dummy user and groups:</para> +<para>When testing is complete, remove the dummy user and +groups:</para> <screen><userinput>sed -i '/dummy/d' /etc/passwd /etc/group</userinput></screen> @@ -61,7 +81,7 @@ echo "dummy:x:1000:1000:::/bin/bash" >> /etc/passwd</userinput></screen> <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen> -<para>And move some programs to their proper locations:</para> +<para>Move programs to the proper locations:</para> <screen><userinput>mv /usr/bin/{[,basename,cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,dd,df} /bin mv /usr/bin/{date,echo,false,head,hostname,install,ln} /bin @@ -69,7 +89,7 @@ mv /usr/bin/{ls,mkdir,mknod,mv,pwd,rm,rmdir,sync} /bin mv /usr/bin/{sleep,stty,test,touch,true,uname} /bin mv /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin</userinput></screen> -<para>Create a symlink:</para> +<para>Finally, create a symlink to be FHS-compliant:</para> <screen><userinput>ln -s ../../bin/install /usr/bin</userinput></screen> @@ -78,8 +98,755 @@ mv /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin</userinput></screen> <sect2 id="contents-coreutils" role="content"><title>Contents of Coreutils</title> -<para>See testing</para> +<segmentedlist> +<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> +<seglistitem><seg>basename, cat, chgrp, chmod, chown, chroot, cksum, +comm, cp, csplit, cut, date, dd, df, dir, dircolors, dirname, du, +echo, env, expand, expr, factor, false, fmt, fold, groups, head, +hostid, hostname, id, install, join, link, ln, logname, ls, md5sum, +mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, mv, nice, nl, nohup, od, paste, pathchk, pinky, +pr, printenv, printf, ptx, pwd, readlink, rm, rmdir, seq, sha1sum, +shred, sleep, sort, split, stat, stty, sum, sync, tac, tail, tee, +test, touch, tr, true, tsort, tty, uname, unexpand, uniq, unlink, +users, vdir, wc, who, whoami, and yes</seg></seglistitem> +</segmentedlist> + +<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> +<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> + +<varlistentry id="basename"> +<term><command>basename</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Strips any path and a given suffix from a file name</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils basename"><primary sortas="b-basename">basename</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="cat"> +<term><command>cat</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Concatenates files to standard output</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cat"><primary sortas="b-cat">cat</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="chgrp"> +<term><command>chgrp</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Changes the group ownership of each given file to the given +group; the group can either be either given a name or a numeric +ID</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chgrp"><primary sortas="b-chgrp">chgrp</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="chmod"> +<term><command>chmod</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Changes the permissions of each file to the given mode; the mode +can be either a symbolic representation of the changes to make or an +octal number representing the new permissions</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chmod"><primary sortas="b-chmod">chmod</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="chown"> +<term><command>chown</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Changes the user and/or group ownership of +each given file to the given user/group pair</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chown"><primary sortas="b-chown">chown</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="chroot"> +<term><command>chroot</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Runs a command with the specified directory as the +<filename class="directory">/</filename> directory</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils chroot"><primary sortas="b-chroot">chroot</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="cksum"> +<term><command>cksum</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Prints the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) checksum and the byte +counts of each specified file</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cksum"><primary sortas="b-cksum">cksum</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="comm"> +<term><command>comm</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Compares two sorted files, outputting in three columns the lines +that are unique and the lines that are common</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils comm"><primary sortas="b-comm">comm</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="cp"> +<term><command>cp</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Copies files</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cp"><primary sortas="b-cp">cp</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="csplit"> +<term><command>csplit</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Splits a given file into several new files, separating them +according to given patterns or line numbers and outputting the byte +count of each new file</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils csplit"><primary sortas="b-csplit">csplit</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="cut"> +<term><command>cut</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Prints sections of lines, selecting the parts according to given +fields or positions</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils cut"><primary sortas="b-cut">cut</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="date"> +<term><command>date</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Displays the current time in the given format, or sets the +system date</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils date"><primary sortas="b-date">date</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="dd"> +<term><command>dd</command> </term> +<listitem> +<para>Copies a file using the given block size and count, while +optionally performing conversions on it</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dd"><primary sortas="b-dd">dd</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="df"> +<term><command>df</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports the amount of disk space available (and used) on all +mounted file systems, or only on the file systems holding the selected +files</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils df"><primary sortas="b-df">df</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="dir"> +<term><command>dir</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Lists the contents of each given directory (the same as +the <command>ls</command> command)</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dir"><primary sortas="b-dir">dir</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="dircolors"> +<term><command>dircolors</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Outputs commands to set the <envar>LS_COLOR</envar> +environment variable to change the color scheme used by +<command>ls</command></para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dircolors"><primary sortas="b-dircolors">dircolors</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="dirname"> +<term><command>dirname</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Strips the non-directory suffix from a file name</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils dirname"><primary sortas="b-dirname">dirname</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="du"> +<term><command>du</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports the amount of disk space used by the current directory, +by each of the given directories (including all subdirectories) or by +each of the given files</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils du"><primary sortas="b-du">du</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="echo"> +<term><command>echo</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Displays the given strings</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils echo"><primary sortas="b-echo">echo</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="env"> +<term><command>env</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Runs a command in a modified environment</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils env"><primary sortas="b-env">env</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="expand"> +<term><command>expand</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Converts tabs to spaces</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expand"><primary sortas="b-expand">expand</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="expr"> +<term><command>expr</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Evaluates expressions</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils expr"><primary sortas="b-expr">expr</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="factor"> +<term><command>factor</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Prints the prime factors of all specified integer numbers</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils factor"><primary sortas="b-factor">factor</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="false"> +<term><command>false</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Does nothing, unsuccessfully; it always exits with a status code +indicating failure</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils false"><primary sortas="b-false">false</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="fmt"> +<term><command>fmt</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reformats the paragraphs in the given files</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fmt"><primary sortas="b-fmt">fmt</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="fold"> +<term><command>fold</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Wraps the lines in the given files</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils fold"><primary sortas="b-fold">fold</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="groups-coreutils"> +<term><command>groups</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports a user's group memberships</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils groups-coreutils"><primary sortas="b-groups-coreutils">groups</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="head"> +<term><command>head</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Prints the first ten lines (or the given number of lines) of each given file</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils head"><primary sortas="b-head">head</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="hostid"> +<term><command>hostid</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) of the host</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostid"><primary sortas="b-hostid">hostid</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="hostname"> +<term><command>hostname</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports or sets the name of the host</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils hostname"><primary sortas="b-hostname">hostname</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="id"> +<term><command>id</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports the effective user ID, group ID, and +group memberships of the current user or specified user</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils id"><primary sortas="b-id">id</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="install"> +<term><command>install</command> </term> +<listitem> +<para>Copies files while setting their +permission modes and, if possible, their owner and group</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils install"><primary sortas="b-install">install</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="join"> +<term><command>join</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Joins the lines that have identical join fields from two +separate files</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils join"><primary sortas="b-join">join</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="link"> +<term><command>link</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Creates a hard link with the given name to a file</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils link"><primary sortas="b-link">link</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="ln"> +<term><command>ln</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Makes hard links or soft (symbolic) links between files</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ln"><primary sortas="b-ln">ln</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="logname"> +<term><command>logname</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports the current user's login name</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils logname"><primary sortas="b-logname">logname</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="ls"> +<term><command>ls</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Lists the contents of each given directory</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ls"><primary sortas="b-ls">ls</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="md5sum"> +<term><command>md5sum</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports or checks Message Digest 5 (MD5) checksums</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils md5sum"><primary sortas="b-md5sum">md5sum</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="mkdir"> +<term><command>mkdir</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Creates directories with the given names</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkdir"><primary sortas="b-mkdir">mkdir</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="mkfifo"> +<term><command>mkfifo</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Creates First-In, First-Outs (FIFOs), a <quote>named +pipe</quote> in UNIX parlance, with the given names</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mkfifo"><primary sortas="b-mkfifo">mkfifo</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="mknod"> +<term><command>mknod</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Creates device nodes with the given names; a device node is a +character special file, a block special file, or a FIFO</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mknod"><primary sortas="b-mknod">mknod</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="mv"> +<term><command>mv</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Moves or renames files or directories</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils mv"><primary sortas="b-mv">mv</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="nice"> +<term><command>nice</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Runs a program with modified scheduling priority</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nice"><primary sortas="b-nice">nice</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="nl"> +<term><command>nl</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Numbers the lines from the given files</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nl"><primary sortas="b-nl">nl</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="nohup"> +<term><command>nohup</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Runs a command immune to hangups, with its output redirected to +a log file</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils nohup"><primary sortas="b-nohup">nohup</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="od"> +<term><command>od</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Dumps files in octal and other formats</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils od"><primary sortas="b-od">od</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="paste"> +<term><command>paste</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Merges the given files, joining sequentially corresponding lines +side by side, separated by tab characters</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils paste"><primary sortas="b-paste">paste</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="pathchk"> +<term><command>pathchk</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Checks if file names are valid or portable</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pathchk"><primary sortas="b-pathchk">pathchk</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="pinky"> +<term><command>pinky</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Is a lightweight finger client; it reports some information about the given users</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pinky"><primary sortas="b-pinky">pinky</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="pr"> +<term><command>pr</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Paginates and columnates files for printing</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pr"><primary sortas="b-pr">pr</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="printenv"> +<term><command>printenv</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Prints the environment</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printenv"><primary sortas="b-printenv">printenv</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="printf"> +<term><command>printf</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Prints the given arguments according to the given format, much +like the C printf function</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils printf"><primary sortas="b-printf">printf</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="ptx"> +<term><command>ptx</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Produces a permuted index from the contents of the given files, +with each keyword in its context</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils ptx"><primary sortas="b-ptx">ptx</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="pwd"> +<term><command>pwd</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports the name of the current working directory</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils pwd"><primary sortas="b-pwd">pwd</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="readlink"> +<term><command>readlink</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports the value of the given symbolic link</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils readlink"><primary sortas="b-readlink">readlink</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="rm"> +<term><command>rm</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Removes files or directories</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rm"><primary sortas="b-rm">rm</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="rmdir"> +<term><command>rmdir</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Removes directories if they are empty</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils rmdir"><primary sortas="b-rmdir">rmdir</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="seq"> +<term><command>seq</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Prints a sequence of numbers within a given range and with a +given increment</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils seq"><primary sortas="b-seq">seq</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="sha1sum"> +<term><command>sha1sum</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Prints or checks 160-bit Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1) checksums</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sha1sum"><primary sortas="b-sha1sum">sha1sum</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="shred"> +<term><command>shred</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Overwrites the given files repeatedly with complex patterns, +making it difficult to recover the data</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils shred"><primary sortas="b-shred">shred</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="sleep"> +<term><command>sleep</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Pauses for the given amount of time</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sleep"><primary sortas="b-sleep">sleep</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="sort"> +<term><command>sort</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Sorts the lines from the given files</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sort"><primary sortas="b-sort">sort</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="split"> +<term><command>split</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Splits the given file into pieces, by size or by number of lines</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils split"><primary sortas="b-split">split</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="stat"> +<term><command>stat</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Displays file or filesystem status</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stat"><primary sortas="b-stat">stat</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="stty"> +<term><command>stty</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Sets or reports terminal line settings</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils stty"><primary sortas="b-stty">stty</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="sum"> +<term><command>sum</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Prints checksum and block counts for each given file</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sum"><primary sortas="b-sum">sum</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="sync"> +<term><command>sync</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Flushes file system buffers; it forces changed blocks to disk +and updates the super block</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils sync"><primary sortas="b-sync">sync</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="tac"> +<term><command>tac</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Concatenates the given files in reverse</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tac"><primary sortas="b-tac">tac</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="tail"> +<term><command>tail</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Prints the last ten lines (or the given number of lines) of each +given file</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tail"><primary sortas="b-tail">tail</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="tee"> +<term><command>tee</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reads from standard input while writing both to standard output +and to the given files</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tee"><primary sortas="b-tee">tee</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="test"> +<term><command>test</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Compares values and checks file types</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils test"><primary sortas="b-test">test</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="touch"> +<term><command>touch</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Changes file timestamps, setting the access and modification +times of the given files to the current time; files that do not exist +are created with zero length</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils touch"><primary sortas="b-touch">touch</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="tr"> +<term><command>tr</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Translates, squeezes, and deletes the given characters from +standard input</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tr"><primary sortas="b-tr">tr</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="true"> +<term><command>true</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Does nothing, successfully; it always exits with a status code +indicating success</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils true"><primary sortas="b-true">true</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="tsort"> +<term><command>tsort</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Performs a topological sort; it writes a completely ordered list +according to the partial ordering in a given file</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tsort"><primary sortas="b-tsort">tsort</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="tty"> +<term><command>tty</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports the file name of the terminal connected to standard +input</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils tty"><primary sortas="b-tty">tty</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="uname"> +<term><command>uname</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports system information</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils uname"><primary sortas="b-uname">uname</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="unexpand"> +<term><command>unexpand</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Converts spaces to tabs</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unexpand"><primary sortas="b-unexpand">unexpand</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="uniq"> +<term><command>uniq</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Discards all but one of successive identical lines</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unexpand"><primary sortas="b-unexpand">unexpand</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="unlink"> +<term><command>unlink</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Removes the given file</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils unlink"><primary sortas="b-unlink">unlink</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="users"> +<term><command>users</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports the names of the users currently logged on</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils users"><primary sortas="b-users">users</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="vdir"> +<term><command>vdir</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Is the same as <command>ls -l</command></para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils vdir"><primary sortas="b-vdir">vdir</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="wc"> +<term><command>wc</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports the number of lines, words, and bytes for each given +file, as well as a total line when more than one file is given</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils wc"><primary sortas="b-wc">wc</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="who"> +<term><command>who</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports who is logged on</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils who"><primary sortas="b-who">who</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="whoami"> +<term><command>whoami</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Reports the user name associated with the current effective user ID</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils whoami"><primary sortas="b-whoami">whoami</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="yes"> +<term><command>yes</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Repeatedly outputs <quote>y</quote> or a given string until +killed</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-coreutils yes"><primary sortas="b-yes">yes</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> </sect2> </sect1> + |