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diff --git a/chapter06/creatingdirs.xml b/chapter06/creatingdirs.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..359717ff7 --- /dev/null +++ b/chapter06/creatingdirs.xml @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> +<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ + <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> + %general-entities; +]> + +<sect1 id="ch-tools-creatingdirs"> + <?dbhtml filename="creatingdirs.html"?> + + <title>Creating Directories</title> + + <para>It is time to create the full structure in the LFS file system. Create + a standard directory tree by issuing the following commands:</para> + +<screen><userinput>mkdir -pv /{bin,boot,etc/{opt,sysconfig},home,lib/firmware,mnt,opt} +mkdir -pv /{media/{floppy,cdrom},srv,var} +install -dv -m 0750 /root +install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp +mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{bin,include,lib,sbin,src} +mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{color,dict,doc,info,locale,man} +mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo} +mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8} + +mkdir -v /var/{log,mail,spool} +ln -sv /run /var/run +ln -sv /run/lock /var/lock +mkdir -pv /var/{opt,cache,lib/{color,misc,locate},local}</userinput></screen> + + <para>Directories are, by default, created with permission mode 755, but + this is not desirable for all directories. In the commands above, two + changes are made—one to the home directory of user <systemitem + class="username">root</systemitem>, and another to the directories for + temporary files.</para> + + <para>The first mode change ensures that not just anybody can enter + the <filename class="directory">/root</filename> directory—the + same as a normal user would do with his or her home directory. The + second mode change makes sure that any user can write to the + <filename class="directory">/tmp</filename> and <filename + class="directory">/var/tmp</filename> directories, but cannot remove + another user's files from them. The latter is prohibited by the so-called + <quote>sticky bit,</quote> the highest bit (1) in the 1777 bit mask.</para> + + <sect2> + <title>FHS Compliance Note</title> + + <para>The directory tree is based on the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard + (FHS) (available at <ulink + url="https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/fhs.shtml"/>). The FHS also specifies + the optional existence of some directories such as <filename + class="directory">/usr/local/games</filename> and <filename + class="directory">/usr/share/games</filename>. We create only the + directories that are needed. However, feel free to create these + directories. </para> + + </sect2> + +</sect1> |