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Diffstat (limited to 'chapter06/glibc.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/glibc.xml | 980 |
1 files changed, 120 insertions, 860 deletions
diff --git a/chapter06/glibc.xml b/chapter06/glibc.xml index a422c8d3c..5213c23e5 100644 --- a/chapter06/glibc.xml +++ b/chapter06/glibc.xml @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ %general-entities; ]> -<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap"> +<sect1 id="ch-tools-glibc" role="wrap"> <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?> <sect1info condition="script"> @@ -16,25 +16,25 @@ <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc"> + <indexterm zone="ch-tools-glibc"> <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary> + <secondary>tools</secondary> </indexterm> <sect2 role="package"> <title/> - <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides - the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and - closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching, - arithmetic, and so on.</para> + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="../chapter06/glibc.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(/sect1/sect2[1]/para[1])"/> <segmentedlist> <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle> <seglistitem> - <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg> - <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg> + <seg>&glibc-ch5-sbu;</seg> + <seg>&glibc-ch5-du;</seg> </seglistitem> </segmentedlist> @@ -43,927 +43,187 @@ <sect2 role="installation"> <title>Installation of Glibc</title> + <para>First, create two symbolic links, which are needed for proper + operation of the dynamic library loader:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 $LFS/lib64 +ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 $LFS/lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3</userinput></screen> + <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant - <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store - their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs - store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para> + <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store their + runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs store their + runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../glibc-&glibc-version;-fhs-1.patch</userinput></screen> -<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen> -<!-- - <para>Fix a minor security issue with glob functions:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-glob-patch;</userinput></screen> ---> -<!-- No longer needed - <para>Fix a problem introduced with the linux-5.2 kernel:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/asm.socket.h/a# include <linux/sockios.h>' \ - sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/bits/socket.h</userinput></screen> -=== already done === - <para>Create a symlink for LSB - compliance. Additionally, for x86_64, create a compatibility symlink - required for the dynamic loader to function correctly:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in - i?86) ln -sfv ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-lsb.so.3 - ;; - x86_64) ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64 - ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3 - ;; -esac</userinput></screen> - - <para>Remove a file that may be left over from a previous build attempt: - </para> - -<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -f /usr/include/limits.h</userinput></screen> ---> <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc in a dedicated build directory:</para> <screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build cd build</userinput></screen> - <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para> + <para>Next, prepare Glibc for compilation:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure \ + --prefix=/usr \ + --host=$LFS_TGT \ + --build=$(../scripts/config.guess) \ + --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \ + --with-headers=$LFS/usr/include \ + libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen> +<!-- + libc_cv_forced_unwind=yes \ + libc_cv_c_cleanup=yes</userinput></screen> --> -<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \ - --disable-werror \ - --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \ - --enable-stack-protector=strong \ - --with-headers=/usr/include \ - libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen> - <!-- WIP --> <variablelist> - <title>The meaning of the options and new configure parameters:</title> + <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title> <varlistentry> - <term><parameter>CC="gcc -ffile-prefix-map=$LFS_DIR=$DIR"</parameter></term> + <term><parameter>--host=$LFS_TGT, --build=$(../scripts/config.guess)</parameter></term> <listitem> - <para>Make GCC record any references to files in <filename - class="directory">/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu</filename> - in result of the compilation as if the files resided in <filename - class="directory">/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu</filename>. - This avoids introduction of invalid paths in debugging - symbols.</para> + <para>The combined effect of these switches is that Glibc's build system + configures itself to be cross-compiled, using the cross-linker and + cross-compiler in <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>.</para> </listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> - <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term> + <term><parameter>--enable-kernel=&min-kernel;</parameter></term> <listitem> - <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to - GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para> + <para>This tells Glibc to compile the library with support + for &min-kernel; and later Linux kernels. Workarounds for older + kernels are not enabled.</para> </listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> - <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term> - <listitem> - <para>This option increases system security by adding - extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack - smashing attacks.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> -<!-- do we need this one? --> - <varlistentry> - <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term> + <term><parameter>--with-headers=$LFS/usr/include</parameter></term> <listitem> - <para>This option tells the build system where to find the - kernel API headers.</para> + <para>This tells Glibc to compile itself against the headers recently + installed to the usr/include directory, so that it knows exactly what + features the kernel has and can optimize itself accordingly.</para> </listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term> <listitem> - <para>This variable sets the correct library for all - systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para> + <para>This ensures that the library is installed in /lib instead + of the default /lib64 on 64 bit machines.</para> </listitem> </varlistentry> - - </variablelist> - - <para>Compile the package:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen> - - <important> - <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical. - Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para> - </important> - - <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below - are usually safe to ignore.</para> - -<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. --> -<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in - i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;; - x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;; -esac</userinput></screen> - - <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this - stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten - in the install phase below.</para></note> - -<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen> - - <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is - somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common - issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para> - - <itemizedlist> - - <listitem> - <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis> - is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para><emphasis>inet/tst-idna_name_classify</emphasis> - is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and - <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis> - may fail on some architectures.</para> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis> - test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on - the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91–4.14.96, - 4.19.13–4.19.18, and 4.20.0–4.20.5 are known to - cause these tests to fail. - </para> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on - systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or - AMD processor.</para> - </listitem> <!-- - <listitem> - <para>The - <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis> - tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are - malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para> - </listitem> ---> - </itemizedlist> - - <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will - complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>. - Prevent this warning with:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen> - - <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check - that fails in the LFS partial environment: - </para> - -<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen> - - <para>Install the package:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen> - - <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for - <command>nscd</command>:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf -mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen> - - <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for - <command>nscd</command>:</para> - - <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf -install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen> - - <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a - different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them - are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important - testcases.</para> - - <para>Individual locales can be installed using the - <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first - <command>localedef</command> command below combines the - <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename> - charset-independent locale definition with the - <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename> - charmap definition and appends the result to the - <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file. - The following instructions will install the minimum set of - locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para> - -<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale -localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true -localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8 -localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE -localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro -localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8 -localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR -localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8 -localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK -localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH -localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US -localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8 -localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX -localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR -localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR -localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro -localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8 -localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT -localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8 -localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP -localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true -localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8 -localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R -localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8 -localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8 -localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030 -localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS</userinput></screen> - - <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and - character set.</para> - - <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the - <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file - (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the - following time-consuming command:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen> - - <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and - install locales not listed in the - <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file - in the unlikely case you need them.</para> - - <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized - domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability - is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the - <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>. - </para></note> - - </sect2> - - <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration"> - <title>Configuring Glibc</title> - - <indexterm zone="conf-glibc"> - <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary> - </indexterm> - - <indexterm zone="conf-glibc"> - <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary> - </indexterm> - - <sect3> - <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title> - - <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created - because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. - </para> - - <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the - following:</para> - -<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF" -<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf - -passwd: files -group: files -shadow: files - -hosts: files dns -networks: files - -protocols: files -services: files -ethers: files -rpc: files - -# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal> -EOF</userinput></screen> - - </sect3> - - <sect3> - <title>Adding time zone data</title> - - <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para> -<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz - -ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo -mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right} - -for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \ - asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do - zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz} - zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz} - zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz} -done - -cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO -zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York -unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen> - - <variablelist> - <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title> - - <varlistentry> - <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term> - <listitem> - <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is - conventional to put these in both - <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and - <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is - necessary to put the POSIX time zones in - <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various - test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is - tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save - 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename> - directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some - failures.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> - <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term> - <listitem> - <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an - embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to - ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could - save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename> - directory.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> <varlistentry> - <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term> - <listitem> - <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use - New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules - to be in accordance with US rules.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - </variablelist> - - - <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following - script:</para> - -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen> - - <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will - output the name of the time zone (e.g., - <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible - time zones listed in <filename - class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as - <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that - are not identified by the script but can be used.</para> - - <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by - running:</para> - -<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen> - - <para>Replace <replaceable><xxx></replaceable> with the name of the - time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para> - - </sect3> - - <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration"> - <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title> - - <indexterm zone="conf-ld"> - <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary> - </indexterm> - - <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename - class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through - <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename - class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are - needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in - directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and - <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added - to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the - dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known - to contain additional libraries are <filename - class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename - class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the - dynamic loader's search path.</para> - - <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the - following:</para> - -<screen><userinput>cat > /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF" -<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf -/usr/local/lib -/opt/lib -</literal> -EOF</userinput></screen> - - <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and - include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in - this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path. - To add this capability run the following commands:</para> - -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat >> /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF" -<literal># Add an include directory -include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf -</literal> -EOF -mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen> - - </sect3> - </sect2> - - <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content"> - <title>Contents of Glibc</title> - - <segmentedlist> - <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> - <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle> - <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle> - - <seglistitem> - <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig, - ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd, - pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace, - zdump, and zic</seg> - <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so}, - libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, - libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libm.{a,so}, - libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.{a,so}, - libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, - libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so}, - libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so}, - libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg> - <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu, - /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk, - /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet, - /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket, - /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs, - /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, - /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale, - /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo, - /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg> - </seglistitem> - </segmentedlist> - - <variablelist> - <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> - <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> - <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> - - <varlistentry id="catchsegv"> - <term><command>catchsegv</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program - terminates with a segmentation fault</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv"> - <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="gencat"> - <term><command>gencat</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Generates message catalogues</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat"> - <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="getconf"> - <term><command>getconf</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system - specific variables</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf"> - <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="getent"> - <term><command>getent</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent"> - <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="iconv"> - <term><command>iconv</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Performs character set conversion</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv"> - <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="iconvconfig"> - <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration - files</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig"> - <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="ldconfig"> - <term><command>ldconfig</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig"> - <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="ldd"> - <term><command>ldd</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Reports which shared libraries are required - by each given program or shared library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd"> - <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="lddlibc4"> - <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4"> - <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="locale"> - <term><command>locale</command></term> + <term><parameter>libc_cv_c_cleanup=yes</parameter></term> <listitem> - <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale"> - <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary> - </indexterm> + <para>Similarly, we pass libc_cv_c_cleanup=yes through to the + <command>configure</command> script so that the test is skipped and C + cleanup handling support is configured.</para> </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry id="localedef"> - <term><command>localedef</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Compiles locale specifications</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef"> - <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="makedb"> - <term><command>makedb</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb"> - <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="mtrace"> - <term><command>mtrace</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary - in human-readable format</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace"> - <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="nscd"> - <term><command>nscd</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name - service requests</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd"> - <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump"> - <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term> + <varlistentry> + <term><parameter>libc_cv_ctors_header=yes</parameter></term> <listitem> - <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump"> - <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary> - </indexterm> + <para>Similarly, we pass libc_cv_ctors_header=yes through to the + <command>configure</command> script so that the test is skipped and + gcc constructor support is configured.</para> </listitem> - </varlistentry> + </varlistentry>--> - <varlistentry id="pldd"> - <term><command>pldd</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd"> - <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="sln"> - <term><command>sln</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln"> - <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + </variablelist> - <varlistentry id="sotruss"> - <term><command>sotruss</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss"> - <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <para>During this stage the following warning might appear:</para> - <varlistentry id="sprof"> - <term><command>sprof</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof"> - <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <blockquote> +<screen><computeroutput>configure: WARNING: +*** These auxiliary programs are missing or +*** incompatible versions: msgfmt +*** some features will be disabled. +*** Check the INSTALL file for required versions.</computeroutput></screen> + </blockquote> - <varlistentry id="tzselect"> - <term><command>tzselect</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports - the corresponding time zone description</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect"> - <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <para>The missing or incompatible <command>msgfmt</command> program is + generally harmless. This <command>msgfmt</command> program is part of the + Gettext package which the host distribution should provide.</para> - <varlistentry id="xtrace"> - <term><command>xtrace</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently - executed function</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace"> - <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <note><para>There have been reports that this package may fail when + building as a "parallel make". If this occurs, rerun the make command + with a "-j1" option.</para></note> - <varlistentry id="zdump"> - <term><command>zdump</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>The time zone dumper</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump"> - <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <para>Compile the package:</para> - <varlistentry id="zic"> - <term><command>zic</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>The time zone compiler</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic"> - <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> +<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen> - <varlistentry id="ld.so"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so"> - <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <para>Install the package:</para> - <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs - (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in - <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename> - for more information</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale"> - <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> +<screen><userinput remap="install">make DESTDIR=$LFS install</userinput></screen> - <varlistentry id="libSegFault"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by - <command>catchsegv</command></para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault"> - <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <variablelist> + <title>The meaning of the <command>make install</command> option:</title> - <varlistentry id="libanl"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term> + <varlistentry> + <term><parameter>DESTDIR=$LFS</parameter></term> <listitem> - <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl"> - <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary> - </indexterm> + <para>The <envar>DESTDIR</envar> make variable is used by almost all + packages to define the location where the package should be + installed. If it is not set, it defaults to the root (<filename + class="directory">/</filename>) directory. Here we specify that + the package be installed in <filename class="directory">$LFS + </filename>, which will become the root after <xref linkend= + "ch-tools-chroot"/>.</para> </listitem> </varlistentry> - <varlistentry id="libc"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The main C library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc"> - <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + </variablelist> - <varlistentry id="libcrypt"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The cryptography library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt"> - <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <caution> + <para>At this point, it is imperative to stop and ensure that the basic + functions (compiling and linking) of the new toolchain are working as + expected. To perform a sanity check, run the following commands:</para> - <varlistentry id="libdl"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl"> - <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> +<screen><userinput>echo 'int main(){}' > dummy.c +$LFS_TGT-gcc dummy.c +readelf -l a.out | grep '/ld-linux'</userinput></screen> - <varlistentry id="libg"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime - library for <command>g++</command></para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg"> - <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <para>If everything is working correctly, there should be no errors, + and the output of the last command will be of the form:</para> - <varlistentry id="libm"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The mathematical library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm"> - <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> +<screen><computeroutput>[Requesting program interpreter: /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]</computeroutput></screen> - <varlistentry id="libmcheck"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck"> - <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <para>Note that for 32-bit machines, the interpreter name will be + <filename>/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>.</para> - <varlistentry id="libmemusage"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect - information about the memory usage of a program</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage"> - <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <para>If the output is not shown as above or there was no output at all, + then something is wrong. Investigate and retrace the steps to find out + where the problem is and correct it. This issue must be resolved before + continuing on.</para> - <varlistentry id="libnsl"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The network services library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl"> - <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <para>Once all is well, clean up the test files:</para> - <varlistentry id="libnss"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for - resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services, - protocols, etc.</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss"> - <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> +<screen><userinput>rm -v dummy.c a.out</userinput></screen> - <varlistentry id="libpcprofile"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile"> - <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + </caution> - <varlistentry id="libpthread"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The POSIX threads library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread"> - <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <note><para>Building packages in the next sections will serve as an + additional check that the toolchain has been built properly. If some + package, especially binutils-pass2 or gcc-pass2, fails to build, it is + an indication that something has gone wrong with the + previous Binutils, GCC, or Glibc installations.</para></note> - <varlistentry id="libresolv"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting - packets to the Internet domain name servers</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv"> - <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <para>Now that our cross-toolchain is complete, finalize the installation + of the limits.h header. For doing so, run an utility provided by the GCC + developers:</para> - <varlistentry id="librt"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified - by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt"> - <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> +<screen><userinput>$LFS/tools/libexec/gcc/$LFS_TGT/&gcc-version;/install-tools/mkheaders</userinput></screen> - <varlistentry id="libthread_db"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for - multi-threaded programs</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db"> - <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + </sect2> - <varlistentry id="libutil"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in - many different Unix utilities</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil"> - <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> + <sect2 role="content"> + <title/> - </variablelist> + <para>Details on this package are located in + <xref linkend="contents-glibc" role="."/></para> </sect2> |