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Diffstat (limited to 'chapter06/shadow.xml')
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diff --git a/chapter06/shadow.xml b/chapter06/shadow.xml index f4f2cff01..c5a5ebc9c 100644 --- a/chapter06/shadow.xml +++ b/chapter06/shadow.xml @@ -1,440 +1,541 @@ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> -<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ +<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> %general-entities; ]> + <sect1 id="ch-system-shadow" role="wrap"> -<title>Shadow-&shadow-version;</title> -<?dbhtml filename="shadow.html"?> + <?dbhtml filename="shadow.html"?> + + <title>Shadow-&shadow-version;</title> + + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow"> + <primary sortas="a-Shadow">Shadow</primary> + </indexterm> + + <sect2 role="package"> + <title/> + + <para>The Shadow package contains programs for handling passwords in a secure + way.</para> + + <segmentedlist> + <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> + <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow"><primary sortas="a-Shadow">Shadow</primary></indexterm> + <seglistitem> + <seg>0.4 SBU</seg> + <seg>14.7 MB</seg> + </seglistitem> + </segmentedlist> -<sect2 role="package"><title/> -<para>The Shadow package contains programs for handling passwords in a secure -way.</para> + <segmentedlist> + <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle> -<segmentedlist> -<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> -<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle> -<seglistitem><seg>0.4 SBU</seg><seg>14.7 MB</seg></seglistitem> -</segmentedlist> + <seglistitem> + <seg>Bash, Binutils, Bison, Coreutils, Diffutils, GCC, Gettext, + Glibc, Grep, Make, and Sed</seg> + </seglistitem> + </segmentedlist> -<segmentedlist> -<segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle> -<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Bison, Coreutils, -Diffutils, GCC, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> -</segmentedlist> -</sect2> + </sect2> -<sect2 role="installation"> -<title>Installation of Shadow</title> + <sect2 role="installation"> + <title>Installation of Shadow</title> -<note><para>If you would like to enforce the use of strong passwords, refer to -<ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/cracklib.html"/> for installing Cracklib -prior to building Shadow. Then add <parameter>--with-libcrack</parameter> to the -<command>configure</command> command below.</para></note> + <note> + <para>If you would like to enforce the use of strong passwords, refer to + <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/cracklib.html"/> for installing + Cracklib prior to building Shadow. Then add + <parameter>--with-libcrack</parameter> to the <command>configure</command> + command below.</para> + </note> -<para>Prepare Shadow for compilation:</para> + <para>Prepare Shadow for compilation:</para> <screen><userinput>./configure --libdir=/lib --enable-shared --without-selinux</userinput></screen> -<para>The meaning of the configure options:</para> + <variablelist> + <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title> -<variablelist> -<varlistentry> -<term><parameter>--without-selinux</parameter></term> -<listitem><para>Support for selinux is enabled by default, but selinux is not -built in a base LFS system. The <command>configure</command> script will fail -if this option is not used.</para></listitem> -</varlistentry> -</variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><parameter>--without-selinux</parameter></term> + <listitem> + <para>Support for selinux is enabled by default, but selinux is not + built in a base LFS system. The <command>configure</command> script + will fail if this option is not used.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> -<para>Disable the installation of the <command>groups</command> program and its man page, as Coreutils provides a better version:</para> + </variablelist> + + <para>Disable the installation of the <command>groups</command> program + and its man page, as Coreutils provides a better version:</para> <screen><userinput>sed -i 's/groups$(EXEEXT) //' src/Makefile find man -name Makefile -exec sed -i '/groups/d' {} \;</userinput></screen> -<para>Disable the installation of Chinese and Korean manual pages, since Man-DB -cannot format them properly:</para> + <para>Disable the installation of Chinese and Korean manual pages, since + Man-DB cannot format them properly:</para> <screen><userinput>sed -i -e 's/ ko//' -e 's/ zh_CN zh_TW//' man/Makefile</userinput></screen> -<para>Compile the package:</para> + <para>Compile the package:</para> <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen> -<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para> + <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para> -<para>Install the package:</para> + <para>Install the package:</para> <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen> -<para id="shadow-limits-login_access">Shadow uses two files to configure -authentication settings for the system. Install these two configuration -files:</para> + <para id="shadow-limits-login_access">Shadow uses two files to configure + authentication settings for the system. Install these two configuration + files:</para> + + <indexterm zone="shadow-limits-login_access"> + <primary sortas="e-/etc/limits">/etc/limits</primary> + </indexterm> -<indexterm zone="shadow-limits-login_access"><primary sortas="e-/etc/limits">/etc/limits</primary></indexterm> -<indexterm zone="shadow-limits-login_access"><primary sortas="e-/etc/login.access">/etc/login.access</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm zone="shadow-limits-login_access"> + <primary sortas="e-/etc/login.access">/etc/login.access</primary> + </indexterm> <screen><userinput>cp -v etc/{limits,login.access} /etc</userinput></screen> -<para id="shadow-login_defs">Instead of using the default <emphasis>crypt</emphasis> method, -use the more secure <emphasis>MD5</emphasis> method of password -encryption, which also allows passwords longer than 8 characters. It -is also necessary to change the obsolete <filename -class="directory">/var/spool/mail</filename> location for user -mailboxes that Shadow uses by default to the <filename -class="directory">/var/mail</filename> location used currently. Both -of these can be accomplished by changing the relevant configuration -file while copying it to its destination:</para> + <para id="shadow-login_defs">Instead of using the default + <emphasis>crypt</emphasis> method, use the more secure + <emphasis>MD5</emphasis> method of password encryption, which also allows + passwords longer than 8 characters. It is also necessary to change the + obsolete <filename class="directory">/var/spool/mail</filename> location + for user mailboxes that Shadow uses by default to the <filename + class="directory">/var/mail</filename> location used currently. Both of + these can be accomplished by changing the relevant configuration file + while copying it to its destination:</para> -<indexterm zone="shadow-login_defs"><primary sortas="e-/etc/login.defs">/etc/login.defs</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm zone="shadow-login_defs"> + <primary sortas="e-/etc/login.defs">/etc/login.defs</primary> + </indexterm> -<note><para>If you built Shadow with Cracklib support, insert the following into -the <command>sed</command> given below:</para> + <note> + <para>If you built Shadow with Cracklib support, insert the following into + the <command>sed</command> given below:</para> <screen><literal>-e 's@DICTPATH.*@DICTPATH\t/lib/cracklib/pw_dict@'</literal></screen> -</note> + </note> <screen><userinput>sed -e's@#MD5_CRYPT_ENAB.no@MD5_CRYPT_ENAB yes@' \ -e 's@/var/spool/mail@/var/mail@' \ etc/login.defs > /etc/login.defs</userinput></screen> -<para>Move a misplaced program to its proper location:</para> + <para>Move a misplaced program to its proper location:</para> <screen><userinput>mv -v /usr/bin/passwd /bin</userinput></screen> -<para>Move Shadow's libraries to more appropriate locations:</para> + <para>Move Shadow's libraries to more appropriate locations:</para> <screen><userinput>mv -v /lib/libshadow.*a /usr/lib rm -v /lib/libshadow.so ln -sfv ../../lib/libshadow.so.0 /usr/lib/libshadow.so</userinput></screen> -<para>The <parameter>-D</parameter> option of the -<command>useradd</command> program requires the <filename -class="directory">/etc/default</filename> directory for it to work -properly:</para> + <para>The <parameter>-D</parameter> option of the + <command>useradd</command> program requires the <filename + class="directory">/etc/default</filename> directory for it to work + properly:</para> <screen><userinput>mkdir -v /etc/default</userinput></screen> -</sect2> + </sect2> + <sect2 id="conf-shadow" role="configuration"> + <title>Configuring Shadow</title> -<sect2 id="conf-shadow" role="configuration"><title>Configuring Shadow</title> -<indexterm zone="conf-shadow"> -<primary sortas="a-Shadow">Shadow</primary> -<secondary>configuring</secondary></indexterm> + <indexterm zone="conf-shadow"> + <primary sortas="a-Shadow">Shadow</primary> + <secondary>configuring</secondary> + </indexterm> -<para>This package contains utilities to add, modify, and delete users -and groups; set and change their passwords; and perform other -administrative tasks. For a full explanation of what -<emphasis>password shadowing</emphasis> means, see the -<filename>doc/HOWTO</filename> file within the unpacked source tree. -If using Shadow support, keep in mind that programs which need to -verify passwords (display managers, FTP programs, pop3 daemons, etc.) -must be Shadow-compliant. That is, they need to be able to work with -shadowed passwords.</para> + <para>This package contains utilities to add, modify, and delete users and + groups; set and change their passwords; and perform other administrative + tasks. For a full explanation of what <emphasis>password shadowing</emphasis> + means, see the <filename>doc/HOWTO</filename> file within the unpacked + source tree. If using Shadow support, keep in mind that programs which need + to verify passwords (display managers, FTP programs, pop3 daemons, etc.) + must be Shadow-compliant. That is, they need to be able to work with + shadowed passwords.</para> -<para>To enable shadowed passwords, run the following command:</para> + <para>To enable shadowed passwords, run the following command:</para> <screen><userinput>pwconv</userinput></screen> -<para>To enable shadowed group passwords, run:</para> + <para>To enable shadowed group passwords, run:</para> <screen><userinput>grpconv</userinput></screen> -<para>Under normal circumstances, passwords will not have been created -yet. However, if returning to this section later to enable shadowing, -reset any current user passwords with the <command>passwd</command> -command or any group passwords with the <command>gpasswd</command> -command.</para> - -</sect2> + <para>Under normal circumstances, passwords will not have been created + yet. However, if returning to this section later to enable shadowing, + reset any current user passwords with the <command>passwd</command> + command or any group passwords with the <command>gpasswd</command> + command.</para> + </sect2> -<sect2 role="configuration"> -<title>Setting the root password</title> + <sect2 role="configuration"> + <title>Setting the root password</title> -<para>Choose a password for user <emphasis>root</emphasis> and set it -by running:</para> + <para>Choose a password for user <emphasis>root</emphasis> and set it + by running:</para> <screen role="nodump"><userinput>passwd root</userinput></screen> -</sect2> - - -<sect2 id="contents-shadow" role="content"><title>Contents of Shadow</title> - -<segmentedlist> -<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> -<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle> -<seglistitem><seg>chage, chfn, chpasswd, chsh, expiry, faillog, gpasswd, -groupadd, groupdel, groupmod, grpck, grpconv, grpunconv, lastlog, login, -logoutd, newgrp, newusers, passwd, pwck, pwconv, pwunconv, sg (link to newgrp), -su, useradd, userdel, usermod, vigr (link to vipw), and vipw</seg> -<seg>libshadow.[a,so]</seg> -</seglistitem> -</segmentedlist> - -<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> -<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> -<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> - -<varlistentry id="chage"> -<term><command>chage</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Used to change the maximum number of days between obligatory -password changes</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chage"><primary sortas="b-chage">chage</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="chfn"> -<term><command>chfn</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Used to change a user's full name and other information</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chfn"><primary sortas="b-chfn">chfn</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="chpasswd"> -<term><command>chpasswd</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Used to update the passwords of an entire series of user -accounts</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chpasswd"><primary sortas="b-chpasswd">chpasswd</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="chsh"> -<term><command>chsh</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Used to change a user's default login shell</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chsh"><primary sortas="b-chsh">chsh</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="expiry"> -<term><command>expiry</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Checks and enforces the current password expiration policy</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow expiry"><primary sortas="b-expiry">expiry</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="faillog"> -<term><command>faillog</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Is used to examine the log of login failures, to set a maximum number of -failures before an account is blocked, or to reset the failure count</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow faillog"><primary sortas="b-faillog">faillog</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="gpasswd"> -<term><command>gpasswd</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Is used to add and delete members and administrators to groups</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow gpasswd"><primary sortas="b-gpasswd">gpasswd</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="groupadd"> -<term><command>groupadd</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Creates a group with the given name</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groupadd"><primary sortas="b-groupadd">groupadd</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="groupdel"> -<term><command>groupdel</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Deletes the group with the given name</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groupdel"><primary sortas="b-groupdel">groupdel</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="groupmod"> -<term><command>groupmod</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Is used to modify the given group's name or GID</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groupmod"><primary sortas="b-groupmod">groupmod</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="grpck"> -<term><command>grpck</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Verifies the integrity of the group files <filename>/etc/group</filename> -and <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename></para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow grpck"><primary sortas="b-grpck">grpck</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="grpconv"> -<term><command>grpconv</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Creates or updates the shadow group file from the normal group file</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow grpconv"><primary sortas="b-grpconv">grpconv</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="grpunconv"> -<term><command>grpunconv</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Updates <filename>/etc/group</filename> -from <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> and then deletes the latter</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow grpunconv"><primary sortas="b-grpunconv">grpunconv</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="lastlog"> -<term><command>lastlog</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Reports the most recent login of all users or of a given user</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow lastlog"><primary sortas="b-lastlog">lastlog</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="login"> -<term><command>login</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Is used by the system to let users sign on</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow login"><primary sortas="b-login">login</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="logoutd"> -<term><command>logoutd</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Is a daemon used to enforce restrictions on log-on time and ports</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow logoutd"><primary sortas="b-logoutd">logoutd</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="newgrp"> -<term><command>newgrp</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Is used to change the current GID during a login session</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow newgrp"><primary sortas="b-newgrp">newgrp</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="newusers"> -<term><command>newusers</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Is used to create or update an entire series of user accounts</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow newusers"><primary sortas="b-newusers">newusers</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="passwd"> -<term><command>passwd</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Is used to change the password for a user or group account</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow passwd"><primary sortas="b-passwd">passwd</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="pwck"> -<term><command>pwck</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Verifies the integrity of the password files -<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename></para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow pwck"><primary sortas="b-pwck">pwck</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="pwconv"> -<term><command>pwconv</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Creates or updates the shadow password file from the normal -password file</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow pwconv"><primary sortas="b-pwconv">pwconv</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="pwunconv"> -<term><command>pwunconv</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Updates <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> -from <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> and then deletes the latter</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow pwunconv"><primary sortas="b-pwunconv">pwunconv</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="sg"> -<term><command>sg</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Executes a given command while the user's GID -is set to that of the given group</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow sg"><primary sortas="b-sg">sg</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="su"> -<term><command>su</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow su"><primary sortas="b-su">su</primary></indexterm> -<para>Runs a shell with substitute user and group IDs</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="useradd"> -<term><command>useradd</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Creates a new user with the given name, or updates the default -new-user information</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow useradd"><primary sortas="b-useradd">useradd</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="userdel"> -<term><command>userdel</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Deletes the given user account</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow userdel"><primary sortas="b-userdel">userdel</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="usermod"> -<term><command>usermod</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Is used to modify the given user's login name, User -Identification (UID), -shell, initial group, home directory, etc.</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow usermod"><primary sortas="b-usermod">usermod</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="vigr"> -<term><command>vigr</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Edits the <filename>/etc/group</filename> or -<filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> files</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow vigr"><primary sortas="b-vigr">vigr</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="vipw"> -<term><command>vipw</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Edits the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> or -<filename>/etc/shadow</filename> files</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow vipw"><primary sortas="b-vipw">vipw</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="libshadow"> -<term><filename class="libraryfile">libshadow</filename></term> -<listitem> -<para>Contains functions used by most programs in this package</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow libshadow"><primary sortas="c-libshadow">libshadow</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> -</variablelist> - -</sect2> -</sect1> + </sect2> + + <sect2 id="contents-shadow" role="content"> + <title>Contents of Shadow</title> + + <segmentedlist> + <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> + <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle> + + <seglistitem> + <seg>chage, chfn, chpasswd, chsh, expiry, faillog, gpasswd, groupadd, + groupdel, groupmod, grpck, grpconv, grpunconv, lastlog, login, logoutd, + newgrp, newusers, passwd, pwck, pwconv, pwunconv, sg (link to newgrp), + su, useradd, userdel, usermod, vigr (link to vipw), and vipw</seg> + <seg>libshadow.[a,so]</seg> + </seglistitem> + </segmentedlist> + + <variablelist> + <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> + <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> + <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> + + <varlistentry id="chage"> + <term><command>chage</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Used to change the maximum number of days between obligatory + password changes</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chage"> + <primary sortas="b-chage">chage</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="chfn"> + <term><command>chfn</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Used to change a user's full name and other information</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chfn"> + <primary sortas="b-chfn">chfn</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="chpasswd"> + <term><command>chpasswd</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Used to update the passwords of an entire series of user + accounts</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chpasswd"> + <primary sortas="b-chpasswd">chpasswd</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="chsh"> + <term><command>chsh</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Used to change a user's default login shell</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow chsh"> + <primary sortas="b-chsh">chsh</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="expiry"> + <term><command>expiry</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Checks and enforces the current password expiration policy</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow expiry"> + <primary sortas="b-expiry">expiry</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="faillog"> + <term><command>faillog</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Is used to examine the log of login failures, to set a maximum + number of failures before an account is blocked, or to reset the + failure count</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow faillog"> + <primary sortas="b-faillog">faillog</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="gpasswd"> + <term><command>gpasswd</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Is used to add and delete members and administrators to + groups</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow gpasswd"> + <primary sortas="b-gpasswd">gpasswd</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="groupadd"> + <term><command>groupadd</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Creates a group with the given name</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groupadd"> + <primary sortas="b-groupadd">groupadd</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="groupdel"> + <term><command>groupdel</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Deletes the group with the given name</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groupdel"> + <primary sortas="b-groupdel">groupdel</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="groupmod"> + <term><command>groupmod</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Is used to modify the given group's name or GID</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow groupmod"> + <primary sortas="b-groupmod">groupmod</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="grpck"> + <term><command>grpck</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Verifies the integrity of the group files + <filename>/etc/group</filename> and + <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename></para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow grpck"> + <primary sortas="b-grpck">grpck</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="grpconv"> + <term><command>grpconv</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Creates or updates the shadow group file from the normal + group file</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow grpconv"> + <primary sortas="b-grpconv">grpconv</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="grpunconv"> + <term><command>grpunconv</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Updates <filename>/etc/group</filename> from + <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> and then deletes the latter</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow grpunconv"> + <primary sortas="b-grpunconv">grpunconv</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="lastlog"> + <term><command>lastlog</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Reports the most recent login of all users or of a + given user</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow lastlog"> + <primary sortas="b-lastlog">lastlog</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="login"> + <term><command>login</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Is used by the system to let users sign on</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow login"> + <primary sortas="b-login">login</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="logoutd"> + <term><command>logoutd</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Is a daemon used to enforce restrictions on log-on time + and ports</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow logoutd"> + <primary sortas="b-logoutd">logoutd</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="newgrp"> + <term><command>newgrp</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Is used to change the current GID during a login session</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow newgrp"> + <primary sortas="b-newgrp">newgrp</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="newusers"> + <term><command>newusers</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Is used to create or update an entire series of user + accounts</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow newusers"> + <primary sortas="b-newusers">newusers</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="passwd"> + <term><command>passwd</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Is used to change the password for a user or group account</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow passwd"> + <primary sortas="b-passwd">passwd</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="pwck"> + <term><command>pwck</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Verifies the integrity of the password files + <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and + <filename>/etc/shadow</filename></para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow pwck"> + <primary sortas="b-pwck">pwck</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="pwconv"> + <term><command>pwconv</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Creates or updates the shadow password file from the normal + password file</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow pwconv"> + <primary sortas="b-pwconv">pwconv</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="pwunconv"> + <term><command>pwunconv</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Updates <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> from + <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> and then deletes the latter</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow pwunconv"> + <primary sortas="b-pwunconv">pwunconv</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="sg"> + <term><command>sg</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Executes a given command while the user's GID + is set to that of the given group</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow sg"> + <primary sortas="b-sg">sg</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="su"> + <term><command>su</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Runs a shell with substitute user and group IDs</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow su"> + <primary sortas="b-su">su</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="useradd"> + <term><command>useradd</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Creates a new user with the given name, or updates the default + new-user information</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow useradd"> + <primary sortas="b-useradd">useradd</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="userdel"> + <term><command>userdel</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Deletes the given user account</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow userdel"> + <primary sortas="b-userdel">userdel</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="usermod"> + <term><command>usermod</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Is used to modify the given user's login name, User + Identification (UID), shell, initial group, home directory, etc.</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow usermod"> + <primary sortas="b-usermod">usermod</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="vigr"> + <term><command>vigr</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Edits the <filename>/etc/group</filename> or + <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> files</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow vigr"> + <primary sortas="b-vigr">vigr</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="vipw"> + <term><command>vipw</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Edits the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> or + <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> files</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow vipw"> + <primary sortas="b-vipw">vipw</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libshadow"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libshadow</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>Contains functions used by most programs in this package</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-shadow libshadow"> + <primary sortas="c-libshadow">libshadow</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + + </sect2> +</sect1> |