diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'chapter07/console.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter07/console.xml | 325 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 325 deletions
diff --git a/chapter07/console.xml b/chapter07/console.xml deleted file mode 100644 index d2562760f..000000000 --- a/chapter07/console.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,325 +0,0 @@ -<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> -<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" - "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ - <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> - %general-entities; -]> - -<sect1 id="ch-scripts-console"> - <?dbhtml filename="console.html"?> - - <title>Configuring the Linux Console</title> - - <indexterm zone="ch-scripts-console"> - <primary sortas="d-console">console</primary> - <secondary>configuring</secondary> - </indexterm> - - <para>This section discusses how to configure the <command>console</command> - bootscript that sets up the keyboard map, console font and console kernel log - level. If non-ASCII characters (e.g., the copyright sign, the British pound - sign and Euro symbol) will not be used and the keyboard is a U.S. one, much - of this section can be skipped. Without the configuration file, (or - equivalent settings in <filename>rc.site</filename>), the - <command>console</command> bootscript will do nothing.</para> - - <sect2 id="ch-scripts-sysv-console"> - <title>System V</title> - - <para>The <command>console</command> script reads the - <filename>/etc/sysconfig/console</filename> file for configuration - information. Decide which keymap and screen font will be used. Various - language-specific HOWTOs can also help with this, see <ulink - url="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/HOWTO-INDEX/other-lang.html"/>. If still in - doubt, look in the <filename class="directory">/usr/share/keymaps</filename> - and <filename class="directory">/usr/share/consolefonts</filename> directories - for valid keymaps and screen fonts. Read <filename>loadkeys(1)</filename> and - <filename>setfont(8)</filename> manual pages to determine the correct - arguments for these programs.</para> - - <para>The <filename>/etc/sysconfig/console</filename> file should contain lines - of the form: VARIABLE="value". The following variables are recognized:</para> - - <variablelist> - - <varlistentry> - <term>LOGLEVEL</term> - <listitem> - <para>This variable specifies the log level for kernel messages sent - to the console as set by <command>dmesg</command>. Valid levels are - from "1" (no messages) to "8". The default level is "7".</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term>KEYMAP</term> - <listitem> - <para>This variable specifies the arguments for the - <command>loadkeys</command> program, typically, the name of keymap - to load, e.g., <quote>es</quote>. If this variable is not set, the - bootscript will not run the <command>loadkeys</command> program, - and the default kernel keymap will be used.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term>KEYMAP_CORRECTIONS</term> - <listitem> - <para>This (rarely used) variable - specifies the arguments for the second call to the - <command>loadkeys</command> program. This is useful if the stock keymap - is not completely satisfactory and a small adjustment has to be made. E.g., - to include the Euro sign into a keymap that normally doesn't have it, - set this variable to <quote>euro2</quote>.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term>FONT</term> - <listitem> - <para>This variable specifies the arguments for the - <command>setfont</command> program. Typically, this includes the font - name, <quote>-m</quote>, and the name of the application character - map to load. E.g., in order to load the <quote>lat1-16</quote> font - together with the <quote>8859-1</quote> application character map - (as it is appropriate in the USA), - <!-- because of the copyright sign --> - set this variable to <quote>lat1-16 -m 8859-1</quote>. - In UTF-8 mode, the kernel uses the application character map for - conversion of composed 8-bit key codes in the keymap to UTF-8, and thus - the argument of the "-m" parameter should be set to the encoding of the - composed key codes in the keymap.</para> - - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term>UNICODE</term> - <listitem> - <para>Set this variable to <quote>1</quote>, <quote>yes</quote> or - <quote>true</quote> in order to put the - console into UTF-8 mode. This is useful in UTF-8 based locales and - harmful otherwise.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term>LEGACY_CHARSET</term> - <listitem> - <para>For many keyboard layouts, there is no stock Unicode keymap in - the Kbd package. The <command>console</command> bootscript will - convert an available keymap to UTF-8 on the fly if this variable is - set to the encoding of the available non-UTF-8 keymap.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - </variablelist> - - <para>Some examples:</para> - - <itemizedlist> - - <listitem> - <para>For a non-Unicode setup, only the KEYMAP and FONT variables are - generally needed. E.g., for a Polish setup, one would use:</para> - -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/console << "EOF" -<literal># Begin /etc/sysconfig/console - -KEYMAP="pl2" -FONT="lat2a-16 -m 8859-2" - -# End /etc/sysconfig/console</literal> -EOF</userinput></screen> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para>As mentioned above, it is sometimes necessary to adjust a - stock keymap slightly. The following example adds the Euro symbol to the - German keymap:</para> - -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/console << "EOF" -<literal># Begin /etc/sysconfig/console - -KEYMAP="de-latin1" -KEYMAP_CORRECTIONS="euro2" -FONT="lat0-16 -m 8859-15" - -# End /etc/sysconfig/console</literal> -EOF</userinput></screen> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para>The following is a Unicode-enabled example for Bulgarian, where a - stock UTF-8 keymap exists:</para> - -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/console << "EOF" -<literal># Begin /etc/sysconfig/console - -UNICODE="1" -KEYMAP="bg_bds-utf8" -FONT="LatArCyrHeb-16" - -# End /etc/sysconfig/console</literal> -EOF</userinput></screen> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para>Due to the use of a 512-glyph LatArCyrHeb-16 font in the previous - example, bright colors are no longer available on the Linux console unless - a framebuffer is used. If one wants to have bright colors without - framebuffer and can live without characters not belonging to his language, - it is still possible to use a language-specific 256-glyph font, as - illustrated below:</para> - -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/console << "EOF" -<literal># Begin /etc/sysconfig/console - -UNICODE="1" -KEYMAP="bg_bds-utf8" -FONT="cyr-sun16" - -# End /etc/sysconfig/console</literal> -EOF</userinput></screen> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para>The following example illustrates keymap autoconversion from - ISO-8859-15 to UTF-8 and enabling dead keys in Unicode mode:</para> - -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/console << "EOF" -<literal># Begin /etc/sysconfig/console - -UNICODE="1" -KEYMAP="de-latin1" -KEYMAP_CORRECTIONS="euro2" -LEGACY_CHARSET="iso-8859-15" -FONT="LatArCyrHeb-16 -m 8859-15" - -# End /etc/sysconfig/console</literal> -EOF</userinput></screen> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para>Some keymaps have dead keys (i.e., keys that don't produce a - character by themselves, but put an accent on the character produced - by the next key) or define composition rules (such as: <quote>press - Ctrl+. A E to get Æ</quote> in the default keymap). - Linux-&linux-version; interprets dead keys and composition rules in the - keymap correctly only when the source characters to be composed together - are not multibyte. This deficiency doesn't affect keymaps for European - languages, because there accents are added to unaccented ASCII - characters, or two ASCII characters are composed together. However, in - UTF-8 mode it is a problem, e.g., for the Greek language, where one - sometimes needs to put an accent on the letter <quote>alpha</quote>. - The solution is either to avoid the use of UTF-8, or to install the - X window system that doesn't have this limitation in its input - handling.</para> - </listitem> - - <listitem> - <para>For Chinese, Japanese, Korean and some other languages, the Linux - console cannot be configured to display the needed characters. Users - who need such languages should install the X Window System, fonts that - cover the necessary character ranges, and the proper input method (e.g., - SCIM, it supports a wide variety of languages).</para> - </listitem> - - </itemizedlist> - - <!-- Added because folks keep posting their console file with X questions - to blfs-support list --> - <note> - <para>The <filename>/etc/sysconfig/console</filename> file only controls - the Linux text console localization. It has nothing to do with setting - the proper keyboard layout and terminal fonts in the X Window System, with - ssh sessions or with a serial console. In such situations, limitations - mentioned in the last two list items above do not apply.</para> - </note> - - </sect2> - - <sect2 id="ch-scripts-systemd-console"> - <title>Systemd</title> - - <indexterm zone="ch-scripts-systemd-console"> - <primary sortas="d-console">systemd console</primary> - <secondary>configuring</secondary> - </indexterm> - - <para>This section discusses how to configure the - <command>systemd-vconsole-setup</command> system service, which configures - the virtual console font and console keymap.</para> - - <para>The <command>systemd-vconsole-setup</command> service reads the - <filename>/etc/vconsole.conf</filename> file for configuration - information. Decide which keymap and screen font will be used. Various - language-specific HOWTOs can also help with this, see <ulink - url="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/HOWTO-INDEX/other-lang.html"/>. - Examine <command>localectl list-keymaps</command> output for a list of - valid console keymaps. Look in - <filename class="directory">/usr/share/consolefonts</filename> - directory for valid screen fonts.</para> - - <para>The <filename>/etc/vconsole.conf</filename> file should contain lines - of the form: VARIABLE="value". The following variables are recognized:</para> - - <variablelist> - - <varlistentry> - <term>KEYMAP</term> - <listitem> - <para>This variable specifies the key mapping table for the keyboard. If - unset, it defaults to <literal>us</literal>.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term>KEYMAP_TOGGLE</term> - <listitem> - <para>This variable can be used to configure a second toggle keymap and - is unset by default.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term>FONT</term> - <listitem> - <para>This variable specifies the font used by the virtual - console.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - <varlistentry> - <term>FONT_MAP</term> - <listitem> - <para>This variable specifies the console map to be used.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term>FONT_UNIMAP</term> - <listitem> - <para>This variable specifies the Unicode font map.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - </variablelist> - - <para>An example for a German keyboard and console is given below:</para> - -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat > /etc/vconsole.conf << "EOF" -<literal>KEYMAP=de-latin1 -FONT=Lat2-Terminus16</literal> -EOF</userinput></screen> - - <para>You can change KEYMAP value at runtime by using the - <command>localectl</command> utility:</para> - -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>localectl set-keymap MAP</userinput></screen> - - <note><para>Please note that <command>localectl</command> command can - be used only on a system booted with Systemd.</para></note> - - </sect2> - -</sect1> |