From d781ffbe09451f0cce880a010b2d8f5f09047f6f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Manuel Canales Esparcia Date: Sun, 18 Dec 2005 18:31:04 +0000 Subject: Chapter07 indentation. git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@7230 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689 --- chapter07/profile.xml | 230 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------ 1 file changed, 119 insertions(+), 111 deletions(-) (limited to 'chapter07/profile.xml') diff --git a/chapter07/profile.xml b/chapter07/profile.xml index c00bdd130..dd53a5141 100644 --- a/chapter07/profile.xml +++ b/chapter07/profile.xml @@ -1,91 +1,99 @@ - %general-entities; ]> + -The Bash Shell Startup Files - - -/etc/profile - -The shell program /bin/bash (hereafter -referred to as the shell) uses a collection of startup -files to help create an environment to run in. Each file has a -specific use and may affect login and interactive environments -differently. The files in the /etc directory provide global settings. -If an equivalent file exists in the home directory, it may override -the global settings. - -An interactive login shell is started after a successful login, -using /bin/login, by reading the -/etc/passwd file. An interactive non-login shell -is started at the command-line (e.g., -[prompt]$/bin/bash). A -non-interactive shell is usually present when a shell script is -running. It is non-interactive because it is processing a script and -not waiting for user input between commands. - -For more information, see info bash under the -Bash Startup Files and Interactive Shells section. - -The files /etc/profile and -~/.bash_profile are read when the shell is -invoked as an interactive login shell. - -The base /etc/profile below sets some -environment variables necessary for native language support. Setting -them properly results in: - - -The output of programs translated into the native -language -Correct classification of characters into letters, digits and -other classes. This is necessary for bash to properly accept -non-ASCII characters in command lines in non-English locales -The correct alphabetical sorting order for the -country -Appropriate default paper size -Correct formatting of monetary, time, and date -values - - -This script also sets the INPUTRC environment variable that -makes Bash and Readline use the /etc/inputrc file created -earlier. - -Replace [ll] below with the -two-letter code for the desired language (e.g., en) and -[CC] with the two-letter code for the -appropriate country (e.g., GB). -[charmap] should be replaced with the -canonical charmap for your chosen locale. - -The list of all locales supported by Glibc can be obtained by running -the following command: + + + The Bash Shell Startup Files + + + /etc/profile + + + The shell program /bin/bash (hereafter referred to + as the shell) uses a collection of startup files to help + create an environment to run in. Each file has a specific use and may affect + login and interactive environments differently. The files in the /etc directory provide global settings. If an + equivalent file exists in the home directory, it may override the global + settings. + + An interactive login shell is started after a successful login, using + /bin/login, by reading the /etc/passwd + file. An interactive non-login shell is started at the command-line (e.g., + [prompt]$/bin/bash). A non-interactive + shell is usually present when a shell script is running. It is non-interactive + because it is processing a script and not waiting for user input between + commands. + + For more information, see info bash under the + Bash Startup Files and Interactive Shells section. + + The files /etc/profile and + ~/.bash_profile are read when the shell is + invoked as an interactive login shell. + + The base /etc/profile below sets some + environment variables necessary for native language support. Setting + them properly results in: + + + + The output of programs translated into the native language + + + Correct classification of characters into letters, digits and other + classes. This is necessary for bash to properly accept + non-ASCII characters in command lines in non-English locales + + + The correct alphabetical sorting order for the country + + + Appropriate default paper size + + + Correct formatting of monetary, time, and date values + + + + This script also sets the INPUTRC environment variable that + makes Bash and Readline use the /etc/inputrc file created + earlier. + + Replace [ll] below with the two-letter code + for the desired language (e.g., en) and + [CC] with the two-letter code for the appropriate + country (e.g., GB). [charmap] should + be replaced with the canonical charmap for your chosen locale. + + The list of all locales supported by Glibc can be obtained by running + the following command: locale -a -Locales can have a number of synonyms, e.g. ISO-8859-1 is -also referred to as iso8859-1 and iso88591. -Some applications cannot handle the various synonyms correctly, so it is safest -to choose the canonical name for a particular locale. To determine the -canonical name, run the following command, where -[locale name] is the output given by -locale -a for your preferred locale -(en_GB.iso88591 in our example). + Locales can have a number of synonyms, e.g. ISO-8859-1 + is also referred to as iso8859-1 and iso88591. + Some applications cannot handle the various synonyms correctly, so it is + safest to choose the canonical name for a particular locale. To determine + the canonical name, run the following command, where [locale + name] is the output given by locale -a for + your preferred locale (en_GB.iso88591 in our example). LC_ALL=[locale name] locale charmap -For the en_GB.iso88591 locale, the above command -will print: + For the en_GB.iso88591 locale, the above command + will print: -ISO-8859-1 +ISO-8859-1 -This results in a final locale setting of en_GB.ISO-8859-1. -It is important that the locale found using the heuristic above is tested prior -to it being added to the Bash startup files: + This results in a final locale setting of en_GB.ISO-8859-1. + It is important that the locale found using the heuristic above is tested prior + to it being added to the Bash startup files: LC_ALL=[locale name] locale country LC_ALL=[locale name] locale language @@ -93,39 +101,40 @@ LC_ALL=[locale name] locale charmap LC_ALL=[locale name] locale int_curr_symbol LC_ALL=[locale name] locale int_prefix -The above commands should print the country and language names, the -character encoding used by the locale, the local currency and the prefix to dial -before the telephone number in order to get into the country. If any of the -commands above fail with a message similar to the one shown below, this means -that your locale was either not installed in Chapter 6 or is not supported by -the default installation of Glibc. + The above commands should print the country and language names, the + character encoding used by the locale, the local currency and the prefix to dial + before the telephone number in order to get into the country. If any of the + commands above fail with a message similar to the one shown below, this means + that your locale was either not installed in Chapter 6 or is not supported by + the default installation of Glibc. locale: Cannot set LC_* to default locale: No such file or directory -If this happens, you should either install the desired locale using the localedef command, or consider choosing a different locale. -Further instructions assume that there are no such error messages from Glibc. - + If this happens, you should either install the desired locale using the + localedef command, or consider choosing a different locale. + Further instructions assume that there are no such error messages from + Glibc. -Some packages beyond LFS may also lack support for your chosen locale. One -example is the X library (part of the X Window System), which outputs the -following error message: + Some packages beyond LFS may also lack support for your chosen locale. One + example is the X library (part of the X Window System), which outputs the + following error message: Warning: locale not supported by Xlib, locale set to C -Sometimes it is possible to fix this by removing the charmap part of the -locale specification, as long as that does not change the character map that -Glibc associates with the locale (this can be checked by running the -locale charmap command in both locales). For example, one -would have to change "de_DE.ISO-8859-15@euro" to -"de_DE@euro" in order to get this locale recognized by Xlib. + Sometimes it is possible to fix this by removing the charmap part of the + locale specification, as long as that does not change the character map that + Glibc associates with the locale (this can be checked by running the + locale charmap command in both locales). For example, one + would have to change "de_DE.ISO-8859-15@euro" to + "de_DE@euro" in order to get this locale recognized by Xlib. -Other packages can also function incorrectly (but may not necessarily -display any error messages) if the locale name does not meet their expectations. -In those cases, investigating how other Linux distributions support your locale -might provide some useful information. + Other packages can also function incorrectly (but may not necessarily + display any error messages) if the locale name does not meet their expectations. + In those cases, investigating how other Linux distributions support your locale + might provide some useful information. -Once the proper locale settings have been determined, create the -/etc/profile file: + Once the proper locale settings have been determined, create the + /etc/profile file: cat > /etc/profile << "EOF" # Begin /etc/profile @@ -136,18 +145,17 @@ export INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc # End /etc/profile EOF -The C (default) and en_US -(the recommended one for United States English users) locales are -different. + + The C (default) and en_US (the + recommended one for United States English users) locales are different. + -Setting the keyboard layout, screen font, and -locale-related environment variables are the only internationalization -steps needed to support locales that use ordinary single-byte -encodings and left-to-right writing direction. More complex cases -(including UTF-8 based locales) require additional steps and -additional patches because many applications tend to not work properly -under such conditions. These steps and patches are not included in -the LFS book and such locales are not yet supported by LFS. + Setting the keyboard layout, screen font, and locale-related environment + variables are the only internationalization steps needed to support locales + that use ordinary single-byte encodings and left-to-right writing direction. + More complex cases (including UTF-8 based locales) require additional steps + and additional patches because many applications tend to not work properly + under such conditions. These steps and patches are not included in the LFS + book and such locales are not yet supported by LFS. - -- cgit v1.2.3-54-g00ecf