Last checked against version &shadow-contversion;. chage changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change. chfn changes a user's full name and other information (office room number, office phone number, and home phone number). chpasswd reads a file of user name and password pairs from standard input and uses this information to update a group of existing users. chsh changes the user login shell. dpasswd adds, deletes and updates dial-up passwords for user login shells. expiry checks and enforces a password expiration policy. faillog formats the contents of the failure log, /var/log/faillog, and maintains failure counts and limits. gpasswd is used to administer the /etc/group file. The groupadd command creates a new group account using the values specified on the command line and the default values from the system. The groupdel command modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to group. The groupmod command modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are specified on the command line. groups prints the groups which a user is in. grpck verifies the integrity of the system authentication information. grpunconv converts to shadow group files from normal group files. grpunconv converts from shadow group files to normal group files. lastlog formats and prints the contents of the last login log, /var/log/lastlog. The login-name, port and last login time will be printed. login is used to establish a new session with the system. logoutd enforces the login time and port restrictions specified in /etc/porttime. mkpasswd reads a file in the format given by the flags and converts it to the corresponding database file format. newgrp is used to change the current group ID during a login session. newusers reads a file of user name and clear text password pairs and uses this information to update a group of existing users or to create new users. passwd changes passwords for user and group accounts. pwck verifies the integrity of the password files. pwconv converts the normal password file to a shadowed password file. pwunconv converts a shadowed password file to a normal password file. sg sets the user's GID to that of the given group, or executes a given command as member of the given group. useradd creates a new user or updates default new user information. userdel modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that refer to a specified login name. usermod modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that are specified on the command line. vipw and vigr will edit the files /etc/passwd and /etc/group, respectively. With the -s flag, they will edit the shadow versions of those files, /etc/shadow and /etc/gshadow, respectively. No description is currently available. libshadow provides common functionality for the shadow programs.