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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
%general-entities;
]>
<sect1 id="space-creatingfilesystem">
<?dbhtml filename="creatingfilesystem.html"?>
<title>Creating a File System on the Partition</title>
<para>Now that a blank partition has been set up, the file system can be
created. LFS can use any file system recognized by the Linux kernel, but the
most common types are ext3 and ext4. The choice of file system can be
complex and depends on the characteristics of the files and the size of
the partition. For example:</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>ext2</term>
<listitem><para>is suitable for small partitions that are updated infrequently
such as /boot.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>ext3</term>
<listitem><para>is an upgrade to ext2 that includes a journal
to help recover the partition's status in the case of an unclean
shutdown. It is commonly used as a general purpose file system.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>ext4</term>
<listitem><para>is the latest version of the ext file system family of
partition types. It provides several new capabilties including
nano-second timestamps, creation and use of very large files (16 TB), and
speed improvements.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>Other file sytems, including FAT32, NTFS, ReiserFS, JFS, and XFS are
useful for specialized purposes. More information about these file systems
can be found at <ulink
url="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file_systems"/>.</para>
<para>LFS assumes that the root file system (/) is of type ext4. To create
an <systemitem class="filesystem">ext4</systemitem> file system on the LFS
partition, run the following:</para>
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkfs -v -t ext4 /dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable></userinput></screen>
<!--
<para>Replace <replaceable><xxx></replaceable> with the name of the LFS
partition (<filename class="devicefile">sda5</filename> in our previous
example).</para>
<note>
<para>Some host distributions use custom features in their filesystem
creation tools (E2fsprogs). This can cause problems when booting into your new
LFS in Chapter 9, as those features will not be supported by the LFS-installed
E2fsprogs; you will get an error similar to <quote>unsupported filesystem
features, upgrade your e2fsprogs</quote>. To check if your host system
uses custom enhancements, run the following command:</para>
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>debugfs -R feature /dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable></userinput></screen>
<para>If the output contains features other than
<option>has_journal</option>, <option>ext_attr</option>,
<option>resize_inode</option>, <option>dir_index</option>,
<option>filetype</option>, <option>sparse_super</option>,
<option>large_file</option> or <option>needs_recovery</option>, then your
host system may have custom enhancements. In that case, to avoid later
problems, you should compile the stock E2fsprogs package and use the
resulting binaries to re-create the filesystem on your LFS partition:</para>
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cd /tmp
tar -xzvf /path/to/sources/e2fsprogs-&e2fsprogs-version;.tar.gz
cd e2fsprogs-&e2fsprogs-version;
mkdir -v build
cd build
../configure
make #note that we intentionally don't 'make install' here!
./misc/mke2fs -jv /dev/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable>
cd /tmp
rm -rfv e2fsprogs-&e2fsprogs-version;</userinput></screen>
</note>
-->
<para>If you are using an existing <systemitem class="filesystem">swap
</systemitem> partition, there is no need to format it. If a new
<systemitem class="filesystem"> swap</systemitem> partition was created,
it will need to be initialized with this command:</para>
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkswap /dev/<replaceable><yyy></replaceable></userinput></screen>
<para>Replace <replaceable><yyy></replaceable> with the name of the
<systemitem class="filesystem">swap</systemitem> partition.</para>
</sect1>
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