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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
%general-entities;
]>
<sect1 id="ch-tools-chroot">
<?dbhtml filename="chroot.html"?>
<title>Entering the Chroot Environment</title>
<para>Now that all the packages which are required to build the rest of the
needed tools are on the system, it is time to enter the chroot environment to
finish installing the remaining temporary tools. This environment will be in
use also for installing the final system. As user <systemitem
class="username">root</systemitem>, run the following command to enter the
environment that is, at the moment, populated with only the temporary
tools:</para>
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root \
TERM="$TERM" \
PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \
/bin/bash --login +h</userinput></screen>
<para>The <parameter>-i</parameter> option given to the <command>env</command>
command will clear all variables of the chroot environment. After that, only
the <envar>HOME</envar>, <envar>TERM</envar>, <envar>PS1</envar>, and
<envar>PATH</envar> variables are set again. The
<parameter>TERM=$TERM</parameter> construct will set the <envar>TERM</envar>
variable inside chroot to the same value as outside chroot. This variable is
needed for programs like <command>vim</command> and <command>less</command>
to operate properly. If other variables are desired, such as
<envar>CFLAGS</envar> or <envar>CXXFLAGS</envar>, this is a good place to set
them again.</para>
<para>From this point on, there is no need to use the
<envar>LFS</envar> variable anymore because all work will be restricted
to the LFS file system. This is because the Bash shell is told that
<filename class="directory">$LFS</filename> is now the root
(<filename class="directory">/</filename>) directory.</para>
<para>Notice that <filename class="directory">/tools/bin</filename> is not
in the <envar>PATH</envar>. This means that the cross toolchain will no longer be
used in the chroot environment. This occurs when the shell does not
<quote>remember</quote> the locations of executed binaries—for this
reason, hashing is switched off by passing the <parameter>+h</parameter> option
to <command>bash</command>.</para>
<para>Note that the <command>bash</command> prompt will say
<computeroutput>I have no name!</computeroutput> This is normal because the
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file has not been created yet.</para>
<note>
<para>It is important that all the commands throughout the remainder of this
chapter and the following chapters are run from within the chroot
environment. If you leave this environment for any reason (rebooting for
example), ensure that the virtual kernel filesystems are mounted as
explained in <xref linkend="ch-tools-bindmount"/> and <xref
linkend="ch-tools-kernfsmount"/> and enter chroot again before continuing
with the installation.</para>
</note>
</sect1>
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