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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
<!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
%general-entities;
]>
<sect1 id="ch-tools-chroot">
<?dbhtml filename="chroot.html"?>
<title>Entering the Chroot Environment</title>
<para>Now that all the packages which are required to build the rest of the
needed tools are on the system, it is time to enter the chroot environment and
finish installing the temporary tools. This environment will also be
used to install the final system. As user <systemitem
class="username">root</systemitem>, run the following command to enter the
environment that is, at the moment, populated with nothing but temporary
tools:</para>
<screen role="nodump"><userinput>chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i \
HOME=/root \
TERM="$TERM" \
PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \
PATH=/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \
MAKEFLAGS="-j<replaceable>$(nproc)</replaceable>" \
TESTSUITEFLAGS="-j<replaceable>$(nproc)</replaceable>" \
/bin/bash --login</userinput></screen>
<para>
If you don't want to use all available logical cores, replace
<replaceable>$(nproc)</replaceable> with the number of logical cores you
want to use for building packages in this chapter and the following
chapters. The test suites of some packages (notably Autoconf, Libtool,
and Tar) in &ch-final; are not affected by <envar>MAKEFLAGS</envar>, they
use a <envar>TESTSUITEFLAGS</envar> environment variable instead. We
set set that here as well for running these test suites with multiple cores.
</para>
<para>The <parameter>-i</parameter> option given to the <command>env</command>
command will clear all the variables in the chroot environment. After that, only
the <envar>HOME</envar>, <envar>TERM</envar>, <envar>PS1</envar>, and
<envar>PATH</envar> variables are set again. The
<parameter>TERM=$TERM</parameter> construct sets the <envar>TERM</envar>
variable inside chroot to the same value as outside chroot. This variable is
needed so programs like <command>vim</command> and <command>less</command>
can operate properly. If other variables are desired, such as
<envar>CFLAGS</envar> or <envar>CXXFLAGS</envar>, this is a good place to set
them.</para>
<para>From this point on, there is no need to use the
<envar>LFS</envar> variable any more because all work will be restricted
to the LFS file system; the <command>chroot</command> command runs the
Bash shell with the root
(<filename class="directory">/</filename>) directory set to
<filename class='directory'>$LFS</filename>.</para>
<para>Notice that <filename class="directory">/tools/bin</filename> is not
in the <envar>PATH</envar>. This means that the cross toolchain will no longer be
used.</para>
<para>Also note that the <command>bash</command> prompt will say
<computeroutput>I have no name!</computeroutput> This is normal because the
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file has not been created yet.</para>
<note>
<para>It is important that all the commands throughout the remainder of this
chapter and the following chapters are run from within the chroot
environment. If you leave this environment for any reason (rebooting for
example), ensure that the virtual kernel filesystems are mounted as
explained in <xref linkend="ch-tools-bindmount"/> and <xref
linkend="ch-tools-kernfsmount"/> and enter chroot again before continuing
with the installation.</para>
</note>
</sect1>
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