XML changes

git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@827 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

51 files changed, 739 insertions, 1615 deletions

diff --git a/appendixa/autoconf-desc.xml b/appendixa/autoconf-desc.xml
index 081973535..b2df66adb 100644
--- a/appendixa/autoconf-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/autoconf-desc.xml
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Autoconf package contains the autoconf, autoheader, autoreconf,
-autoscan, autoupdate and ifnames programs
-</para>
+<para>The Autoconf package contains the autoconf, autoheader, autoreconf,
+autoscan, autoupdate and ifnames programs</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -12,69 +10,57 @@ autoscan, autoupdate and ifnames programs
 
 <sect3><title>autoconf</title>
 
-<para>
-Autoconf is a tool for producing shell scripts that automatically
+<para>Autoconf is a tool for producing shell scripts that automatically
 configure software source code packages to adapt to many kinds of
 UNIX-like systems.  The configuration scripts produced by Autoconf are
 independent of Autoconf when they are run, so their users do not need to
-have Autoconf.
-</para>
+have Autoconf.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>autoheader</title>
 
-<para>
-The autoheader program can create a template file of C #define
-statements for configure to use
-</para>
+<para>The autoheader program can create a template file of C #define
+statements for configure to use</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>autoreconf</title>
 
-<para>
-If there are a lot of Autoconf-generated configure scripts, the
+<para>If there are a lot of Autoconf-generated configure scripts, the
 autoreconf program can save some work.  It runs autoconf (and
 autoheader, where appropriate) repeatedly to remake the Autoconf
 configure scripts and configuration header templates in the directory
-tree rooted at the current directory.
-</para>
+tree rooted at the current directory.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>autoscan</title>
 
-<para>
-The autoscan program can help to create a configure.in file for
+<para>The autoscan program can help to create a configure.in file for
 a software package. autoscan examines source files in the directory
 tree rooted at a directory given as a command line argument, or the
 current directory if none is given.  It searches the source files for
 common portability problems and creates a file configure.scan which
-is a preliminary configure.in for that package.
-</para>
+is a preliminary configure.in for that package.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>autoupdate</title>
 
-<para>
-The autoupdate program updates a configure.in file that calls
-Autoconf macros by their old names to use the current macro names.
-</para>
+<para>The autoupdate program updates a configure.in file that calls
+Autoconf macros by their old names to use the current macro names.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>ifnames</title>
 
-<para>
-ifnames can help when writing a configure.in for a software
+<para>ifnames can help when writing a configure.in for a software
 package. It prints the identifiers that the package already uses in C
 preprocessor conditionals. If a package has already been set up to
 have some portability, this program can help to figure out what its
 configure needs to check for. It may help fill in some gaps in a
-configure.in generated by autoscan.
-</para>
+configure.in generated by autoscan.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/automake-desc.xml b/appendixa/automake-desc.xml
index 82ae11569..b308d3049 100644
--- a/appendixa/automake-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/automake-desc.xml
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Automake package contains the aclocal and automake programs
-</para>
+<para>The Automake package contains the aclocal and automake programs</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -11,30 +9,24 @@ The Automake package contains the aclocal and automake programs
 
 <sect3><title>aclocal</title>
 
-<para>
-Automake includes a number of Autoconf macros which can be used in
+<para>Automake includes a number of Autoconf macros which can be used in
 packages; some of them are actually required by Automake in certain
 situations. These macros must be defined in the aclocal.m4-file;
-otherwise they will not be seen by autoconf.
-</para>
+otherwise they will not be seen by autoconf.</para>
 
-<para>
-The aclocal program will automatically generate aclocal.m4 files
+<para>The aclocal program will automatically generate aclocal.m4 files
 based on the contents of configure.in.  This provides a convenient
 way to get Automake-provided macros, without having to search around.
-Also, the aclocal mechanism is extensible for use by other packages.
-</para>
+Also, the aclocal mechanism is extensible for use by other packages.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>automake</title>
 
-<para>
-To create all the Makefile.in's for a package, run the automake
+<para>To create all the Makefile.in's for a package, run the automake
 program in the top level directory, with no arguments.  automake will
 automatically find each appropriate Makefile.am (by scanning
-configure.in) and generate the corresponding Makefile.in.
-</para>
+configure.in) and generate the corresponding Makefile.in.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/bash-desc.xml b/appendixa/bash-desc.xml
index aef324cbb..d85617f24 100644
--- a/appendixa/bash-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/bash-desc.xml
@@ -1,20 +1,16 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Bash package contains the bash program
-</para>
+<para>The Bash package contains the bash program</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-Bash is the Bourne-Again SHell, which is a widely used command
+<para>Bash is the Bourne-Again SHell, which is a widely used command
 interpreter on Unix systems. Bash is a program that reads from standard
 input, the keyboard. A user types something and the program will evaluate
-what he has typed and do something with it, like running a program.
-</para>
+what he has typed and do something with it, like running a program.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/bin86-desc.xml b/appendixa/bin86-desc.xml
index 6c5aa8b64..df1f33bfc 100644
--- a/appendixa/bin86-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/bin86-desc.xml
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Bin86 contains the as86, as86_encap, ld86, objdump86, nm86 and
-size86 programs.
-</para>
+<para>The Bin86 contains the as86, as86_encap, ld86, objdump86, nm86 and
+size86 programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -12,52 +10,40 @@ size86 programs.
 
 <sect3><title>as86</title>
 
-<para>
-as86 is an assembler for the 8086...80386 processors.
-</para>
+<para>as86 is an assembler for the 8086...80386 processors.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>as86_encap</title>
 
-<para>
-as86_encap is a shell script to call as86 and convert the created binary 
+<para>as86_encap is a shell script to call as86 and convert the created binary 
 into a C file prog.v to be included in or linked with programs like boot 
-block installers.
-</para>
+block installers.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>ld86</title>
 
-<para>
-ld86 understands only the object files produced by the as86 assembler, it 
-can link them into either an impure or a separate I&amp;D executable.
-</para>
+<para>ld86 understands only the object files produced by the as86 assembler, it 
+can link them into either an impure or a separate I&amp;D executable.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>objdump86</title>
 
-<para>
-No description available.
-</para>
+<para>No description available.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>nm86</title>
 
-<para>
-No description available.
-</para>
+<para>No description available.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>size86</title>
 
-<para>
-No description available.
-</para>
+<para>No description available.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/binutils-desc.xml b/appendixa/binutils-desc.xml
index 486bb07be..9bc945db8 100644
--- a/appendixa/binutils-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/binutils-desc.xml
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-The Binutils package contains the gasp, gprof, ld, as, ar, nm, objcopy, 
+<para>The Binutils package contains the gasp, gprof, ld, as, ar, nm, objcopy, 
 objdump, ranlib, readelf,  size, strings, strip, c++filt and addr2line 
-programs
-</para>
+programs</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -13,159 +11,127 @@ programs
 
 <sect3><title>gasp</title>
 
-<para>
-Gasp is the Assembler Macro Preprocessor.
-</para>
+<para>Gasp is the Assembler Macro Preprocessor.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>gprof</title>
 
-<para>
-gprof displays call graph profile data.
-</para>
+<para>gprof displays call graph profile data.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>ld</title>
 
-<para>
-ld combines a number of object and  archive  files,  relocates  their data 
+<para>ld combines a number of object and archive files,  relocates  their data 
 and ties up symbol references. Often the last step in building a new compiled 
-program to run  is  a call to ld.
-</para>
+program to run is a call to ld.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>as</title>
 
-<para>
-as is primarily intended to assemble the output of the GNU C compiler gcc 
-for use by the linker ld.
-</para>
+<para>as is primarily intended to assemble the output of the GNU C compiler gcc 
+for use by the linker ld.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>ar</title>
 
-<para>
-The ar program creates, modifies, and extracts from archives. An archive is 
-a single file holding a collection of other files in a structure that makes 
+<para>The ar program creates, modifies, and extracts from archives. An archive 
+is a single file holding a collection of other files in a structure that makes 
 it  possible to retrieve the original individual files (called members of 
-the archive).
-</para>
+the archive).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>nm</title>
 
-<para>
-nm lists the symbols from object files.
-</para>
+<para>nm lists the symbols from object files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>objcopy</title>
 
-<para>
-objcopy utility copies the contents of an object file to another. objcopy 
+<para>objcopy utility copies the contents of an object file to another. objcopy 
 uses the GNU BFD Library to read and write the object files. It can write 
 the destination object file in a format different from that of the source
-object file.  
-</para>
+object file.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>objdump</title>
 
-<para>
-objdump displays information about one or more object files. The options 
+<para>objdump displays information about one or more object files. The options 
 control what particular information to display. This information is mostly 
 useful to programmers who are working on the compilation tools, as opposed to
-programmers who just want their program to compile and work.
-</para>
+programmers who just want their program to compile and work.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>ranlib</title>
 
-<para>
-ranlib generates an index to the contents of an archive, and stores it in 
+<para>ranlib generates an index to the contents of an archive, and stores it in 
 the archive.  The index lists each symbol defined by a member of an archive 
-that is a relocatable object file.
-</para>
+that is a relocatable object file.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>readelf</title>
 
-<para>
-readelf displays information about elf type binaries.
-</para>
+<para>readelf displays information about elf type binaries.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>size</title>
 
-<para>
-size lists the section sizes --and the total size-- for each of the object 
-files objfile in its argument  list. By default, one line of output is 
-generated for each object file or each module in an archive.
-</para>
+<para>size lists the section sizes --and the total size-- for each of the 
+object files objfile in its argument  list. By default, one line of output is 
+generated for each object file or each module in an archive.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>strings</title>
 
-<para>
-For each  file  given, strings prints the printable character sequences 
+<para>For each  file  given, strings prints the printable character sequences 
 that are at least  4  characters  long (or the number specified with an
 option to the program) and are followed by an unprintable character. By 
 default, it only prints the strings from the initialized and loaded 
 sections of object files; for other types of files, it prints the strings 
-from the whole file.
-</para>
+from the whole file.</para>
 
-<para>
-strings  is  mainly useful for determining the contents of non-text files.
-</para>
+<para>strings is mainly useful for determining the contents of non-text files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>strip</title>
 
-<para>
-strip discards all or specific symbols from object files. The list of 
+<para>strip discards all or specific symbols from object files. The list of 
 object files may include archives. At least one object file must be
 given. strip modifies the files named in its argument, rather than writing 
-modified copies under different names.
-</para>
+modified copies under different names.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>c++filt</title>
 
-<para>
-The C++ language provides function overloading, which means that it is 
+<para>The C++ language provides function overloading, which means that it is 
 possible to
 write many functions with the same name (providing each takes parameters 
 of different types).  All C++ function names are encoded into a low-level 
 assembly label (this process is known as mangling). The c++filt program 
 does the inverse mapping: it decodes (demangles) low-level names into 
 user-level names so that the linker can keep these overloaded functions 
-from clashing.
-</para>
+from clashing.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>addr2line</title>
 
-<para>
-addr2line translates program addresses into file names and line numbers. 
+<para>addr2line translates program addresses into file names and line numbers. 
 Given an address and an executable, it uses the  debugging information in 
 the executable to figure out which file name and line number are associated 
-with a given address.
-</para>
+with a given address.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/bison-desc.xml b/appendixa/bison-desc.xml
index 15d68fc7b..f360f9fbd 100644
--- a/appendixa/bison-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/bison-desc.xml
@@ -1,57 +1,41 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Bison package contains the bison program.
-</para>
+<para>The Bison package contains the bison program.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-Bison is a parser generator, a replacement for YACC. YACC stands for Yet
+<para>Bison is a parser generator, a replacement for YACC. YACC stands for Yet
 Another Compiler Compiler. What is Bison then? It is a program that
 generates a program that analyzes the structure of a text file. Instead
 of
 writing the actual program a user specifies how things should be connected
 and with
-those rules a program is constructed that analyzes the text file.
-</para>
+those rules a program is constructed that analyzes the text file.</para>
 
-<para>
-There are a lot of examples where structure is needed and one of them is
-the
-calculator.
-</para>
+<para>There are a lot of examples where structure is needed and one of them is
+the calculator.</para>
 
-<para>
-Given the string :
-</para>
+<para>Given the string :</para>
 
-<blockquote><literallayout>
-        1 + 2 * 3
-</literallayout></blockquote>
+<blockquote><literallayout>        1 + 2 * 3</literallayout></blockquote>
 
-<para>
-A human can easily come to the result 7. Why? Because of the structure. 
+<para>A human can easily come to the result 7. Why? Because of the structure. 
 Our brain knows
 how to interpret the string. The computer doesn't know that and Bison
 is a
 tool to help it understand by presenting the string in the following way
-to the compiler:
-</para>
+to the compiler:</para>
 
-<blockquote><literallayout>
-            +
+<blockquote><literallayout>            +
            / \
           *   1
          / \
-        2   3
-</literallayout></blockquote>
+        2   3</literallayout></blockquote>
 
-<para>
-Starting at the bottom of a tree and coming across the numbers 2 and
+<para>Starting at the bottom of a tree and coming across the numbers 2 and
 3 which are joined by the multiplication symbol, the computer
 multiplies 2 and 3. The result of that multiplication is remembered and
 the next thing that the computer sees is the result of 2*3 and the
@@ -59,8 +43,7 @@ number 1 which are joined by the add symbol. Adding 1 to the previous
 result makes 7. In calculating the most complex calculations can be
 broken down in this tree format and the computer just starts at the
 bottom and works it's way up to the top and comes with the correct
-answer. Of course, Bison isn't only used for calculators alone.
-</para>
+answer. Of course, Bison isn't only used for calculators alone.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/bzip2-desc.xml b/appendixa/bzip2-desc.xml
index 1bda00d6f..c49f16820 100644
--- a/appendixa/bzip2-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/bzip2-desc.xml
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Bzip2 packages contains the bzip2, bunzip2, bzcat and bzip2recover 
-programs.
-</para>
+<para>The Bzip2 packages contains the bzip2, bunzip2, bzcat and bzip2recover 
+programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -12,37 +10,30 @@ programs.
 
 <sect3><title>Bzip2</title>
 
-<para>
-bzip2 compresses files using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text 
+<para>bzip2 compresses files using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text 
 compression algorithm, and Huffman coding. Compression is generally 
 considerably  better than that achieved by more conventional LZ77/LZ78-based 
 compressors, and approaches the performance of the PPM family of statistical 
-compressors.
-</para>
+compressors.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>Bunzip2</title>
 
-<para>
-Bunzip2 decompresses files that are compressed with bzip2.
-</para>
+<para>Bunzip2 decompresses files that are compressed with bzip2.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>bzcat</title>
 
-<para>
-bzcat (or bzip2 -dc) decompresses all specified files to the standard output.
-</para>
+<para>bzcat (or bzip2 -dc) decompresses all specified files to the standard 
+output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>bzip2recover</title>
 
-<para>
-bzip2recover recovers data from damaged bzip2 files.
-</para>
+<para>bzip2recover recovers data from damaged bzip2 files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/diffutils-desc.xml b/appendixa/diffutils-desc.xml
index 4344ceed0..cfaddc851 100644
--- a/appendixa/diffutils-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/diffutils-desc.xml
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Diffutils package contains the cmp, diff, diff3 and sdiff programs.
-</para>
+<para>The Diffutils package contains the cmp, diff, diff3 and sdiff programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -11,27 +9,21 @@ The Diffutils package contains the cmp, diff, diff3 and sdiff programs.
 
 <sect3><title>cmp and diff</title>
 
-<para>
-cmp and diff both compare two files and report their differences. Both
-programs have extra options which compare files in different situations.
-</para>
+<para>cmp and diff both compare two files and report their differences. Both
+programs have extra options which compare files in different situations.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>diff3</title>
 
-<para>
-The difference between diff and diff3 is that diff compares 2 files,
-diff3 compares 3 files.
-</para>
+<para>The difference between diff and diff3 is that diff compares 2 files,
+diff3 compares 3 files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>sdiff</title>
 
-<para>
-sdiff merges two files and interactively outputs the results.
-</para>
+<para>sdiff merges two files and interactively outputs the results.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/e2fsprogs-desc.xml b/appendixa/e2fsprogs-desc.xml
index 52618e3ef..dba04427b 100644
--- a/appendixa/e2fsprogs-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/e2fsprogs-desc.xml
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The e2fsprogs package contains the chattr, lsattr, uuidgen, badblocks,
+<para>The e2fsprogs package contains the chattr, lsattr, uuidgen, badblocks,
 debugfs, dumpe2fs, e2fsck, e2label, fsck, fsck.ext2, mke2fs, mkfs.ext2,
-mklost+found and tune2fs programs.
-</para>
+mklost+found and tune2fs programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -13,109 +11,86 @@ mklost+found and tune2fs programs.
 
 <sect3><title>chattr</title>
 
-<para>
-chattr changes the file attributes on a Linux second extended file system.
-</para>
+<para>chattr changes the file attributes on a Linux second extended file
+system. </para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>lsattr</title>
 
-<para>
-lsattr lists the file attributes on a second extended file system.
-</para>
+<para>lsattr lists the file attributes on a second extended file system.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>uuidgen</title>
 
-<para>
-The uuidgen program creates a new universally unique identifier (UUID) 
+<para>The uuidgen program creates a new universally unique identifier (UUID) 
 using the libuuid library. The new UUID can reasonably be considered unique 
 among all UUIDs created on the local system, and among UUIDs created on other
-systems in the past and in the future.
-</para>
+systems in the past and in the future.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>badblocks</title>
 
-<para>
-badblocks is used to search for bad blocks on a device (usually a disk 
-partition).
-</para>
+<para>badblocks is used to search for bad blocks on a device (usually a disk 
+partition).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>debugfs</title>
 
-<para>
-The debugfs program is a file system debugger. It can be used  to examine 
-and change the state of an ext2 file system.
-</para>
+<para>The debugfs program is a file system debugger. It can be used  to examine 
+and change the state of an ext2 file system.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>dumpe2fs</title>
 
-<para>
-dumpe2fs prints the super block and blocks group information for the 
-filesystem present on a specified device.
-</para>
+<para>dumpe2fs prints the super block and blocks group information for the 
+filesystem present on a specified device.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>e2fsck and fsck.ext2</title>
 
-<para>
-e2fsck is used to check a Linux second extended file  system. fsck.ext2
-does the same as e2fsck.
-</para>
+<para>e2fsck is used to check a Linux second extended file  system. fsck.ext2
+does the same as e2fsck.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>e2label</title>
 
-<para>
-e2label will display or change the filesystem label on the ext2 filesystem 
-located on the specified device.
-</para>
+<para>e2label will display or change the filesystem label on the ext2 
+filesystem located on the specified device.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>fsck</title>
 
-<para>
-fsck is used to check and optionally repair a Linux file system.
-</para>
+<para>fsck is used to check and optionally repair a Linux file system.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>mke2fs and mkfs.ext2</title>
 
-<para>
-mke2fs is used to create a Linux second extended file system on a device 
-(usually a disk partition). mkfs.ext2 does the same as mke2fs.
-</para>
+<para>mke2fs is used to create a Linux second extended file system on a device 
+(usually a disk partition). mkfs.ext2 does the same as mke2fs.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>mklost+found</title>
 
-<para>
-mklost+found is used to create a lost+found directory in the current 
+<para>mklost+found is used to create a lost+found directory in the current 
 working directory on a Linux second extended file system. mklost+found 
-pre-allocates disk blocks to the directory to make it usable by e2fsck.
-</para>
+pre-allocates disk blocks to the directory to make it usable by e2fsck.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>tune2fs</title>
 
-<para>
-tune2fs  adjusts  tunable filesystem parameters on a Linux second extended 
-filesystem.
-</para>
+<para>tune2fs adjusts tunable filesystem parameters on a Linux second extended 
+filesystem.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/ed-desc.xml b/appendixa/ed-desc.xml
index 6cc438ae9..214cc1f53 100644
--- a/appendixa/ed-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/ed-desc.xml
@@ -1,19 +1,15 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Ed package contains the ed program.
-</para>
+<para>The Ed package contains the ed program.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-Ed is a line-oriented text editor.  It is used to create, display,
+<para>Ed is a line-oriented text editor.  It is used to create, display,
 modify and
-otherwise manipulate text files.
-</para>
+otherwise manipulate text files.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/file-desc.xml b/appendixa/file-desc.xml
index b93a53355..d9998c42a 100644
--- a/appendixa/file-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/file-desc.xml
@@ -1,20 +1,16 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The File package contains the file program.
-</para>
+<para>The File package contains the file program.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-File tests each specified file in an attempt to classify it. There are 
+<para>File tests each specified file in an attempt to classify it. There are 
 three sets  of  tests,  performed in this order: filesystem tests, 
 magic number tests, and language tests. The first test that succeeds 
-causes the file type to be printed.
-</para>
+causes the file type to be printed.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/fileutils-desc.xml b/appendixa/fileutils-desc.xml
index f32d510bb..ca8dc0aa0 100644
--- a/appendixa/fileutils-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/fileutils-desc.xml
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Fileutils package contains the chgrp, chmod, chown, cp, dd, df, dir,
+<para>The Fileutils package contains the chgrp, chmod, chown, cp, dd, df, dir,
 dircolors, du, install, ln, ls, mkdir, mkfifo, mknod, mv, rm, rmdir,
-sync, touch and vdir programs.
-</para>
+sync, touch and vdir programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -13,181 +11,141 @@ sync, touch and vdir programs.
 
 <sect3><title>chgrp</title>
 
-<para>
-chgrp changes the group ownership of each given file to the named group, 
-which can be either a group name or a numeric group ID.
-</para>
+<para>chgrp changes the group ownership of each given file to the named group, 
+which can be either a group name or a numeric group ID.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>chmod</title>
 
-<para>
-chmod changes the permissions of each given file according to mode, which 
+<para>chmod changes the permissions of each given file according to mode, which 
 can be either a symbolic representation of changes to make, or an octal 
-number representing the bit pattern for the new permissions.
-</para>
+number representing the bit pattern for the new permissions.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>chown</title>
 
-<para>
-chown changes the user and/or group ownership of each given file.
-</para>
+<para>chown changes the user and/or group ownership of each given file.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>cp</title>
 
-<para>
-cp copies files from one place to another.
-</para>
+<para>cp copies files from one place to another.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>dd</title>
 
-<para>
-dd copies a file (from the standard input to the standard output, by default) 
-with a user-selectable blocksize, while optionally performing conversions 
-on it.
-</para>
+<para>dd copies a file (from the standard input to the standard output, by 
+default) with a user-selectable blocksize, while optionally performing 
+conversions on it.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>df</title>
 
-<para>
-df displays the amount of disk space available on the filesystem
+<para>df displays the amount of disk space available on the filesystem
 containing each file name argument. If no file name is given, the space 
-available on all currently mounted filesystems is shown.
-</para>
+available on all currently mounted filesystems is shown.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>ls, dir and vdir</title>
 
-<para>
-dir and vdir are versions of ls with different default output formats. 
+<para>dir and vdir are versions of ls with different default output formats. 
 These programs list each given file or directory name. Directory contents 
 are sorted alphabetically.  For ls, files are by default listed in columns, 
 sorted  vertically, if the standard output is a terminal; otherwise they 
 are listed one per  line. For dir, files are by default listed in columns,
-sorted vertically. For vdir, files are by default listed in long format.
-</para>
+sorted vertically. For vdir, files are by default listed in long format.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>dircolors</title>
 
-<para>
-dircolors  outputs commands to set the LS_COLOR environment variable.
+<para>dircolors  outputs commands to set the LS_COLOR environment variable.
 The LS_COLOR variable is use to change the default color scheme used by
-ls and related utilities.
-</para>
+ls and related utilities.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>du</title>
 
-<para>
-du displays the amount of disk space used by each argument and for each 
-subdirectory of directory arguments.
-</para>
+<para>du displays the amount of disk space used by each argument and for each 
+subdirectory of directory arguments.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>install</title>
 
-<para>
-install copies files and sets their permission modes and, if possible, 
-their owner and group.
-</para>
+<para>install copies files and sets their permission modes and, if possible, 
+their owner and group.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>ln</title>
 
-<para>
-ln makes hard or soft (symbolic) links between files.
-</para>
+<para>ln makes hard or soft (symbolic) links between files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>mkdir</title>
 
-<para>
-mkdir creates directories with a given name.
-</para>
+<para>mkdir creates directories with a given name.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>mkfifo</title>
 
-<para>
-mkfifo creates a FIFO with each given name.
-</para>
+<para>mkfifo creates a FIFO with each given name.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>mknod</title>
 
-<para>
-mknod creates a FIFO, character special file, or block special file with the 
-given file name.
-</para>
+<para>mknod creates a FIFO, character special file, or block special file 
+with the given file name.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>mv</title>
 
-<para>
-mv moves files from one directory to another or renames files, depending
-on the arguments given to mv.
-</para>
+<para>mv moves files from one directory to another or renames files, depending
+on the arguments given to mv.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>rm</title>
 
-<para>
-rm removes files or directories.
-</para>
+<para>rm removes files or directories.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>rmdir</title>
 
-<para>
-rmdir removes directories, if they are empty.
-</para>
+<para>rmdir removes directories, if they are empty.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>shred</title>
 
-<para>
-shred deletes a file securely, overwriting it first so that its contents can't
-be recovered.
-</para>
+<para>shred deletes a file securely, overwriting it first so that its 
+contents can't be recovered.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>sync</title>
 
-<para>
-sync forces changed blocks to disk and updates the super block.
-</para>
+<para>sync forces changed blocks to disk and updates the super block.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>touch</title>
 
-<para>
-touch changes the access and modification times of each given file to the 
-current time. Files that do not exist are created empty.
-</para>
+<para>touch changes the access and modification times of each given file to the 
+current time. Files that do not exist are created empty.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/findutils-desc.xml b/appendixa/findutils-desc.xml
index d95301f06..0ed5f361d 100644
--- a/appendixa/findutils-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/findutils-desc.xml
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Findutils package contains the find, locate, updatedb, xargs,
-frcode, code and bigram programs.
-</para>
+<para>The Findutils package contains the find, locate, updatedb, xargs,
+frcode, code and bigram programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -12,75 +10,63 @@ frcode, code and bigram programs.
 
 <sect3><title>Find</title>
 
-<para>
-The find program searches for files in a directory hierarchy which match
+<para>The find program searches for files in a directory hierarchy which match
 a certain criteria. If no criteria is given, it lists all files in the
-current directory and it's subdirectories.
-</para>
+current directory and it's subdirectories.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>Locate</title>
 
-<para>
-Locate scans a database which contain all files and directories on a
+<para>Locate scans a database which contain all files and directories on a
 filesystem. This program lists the files and directories in this
 database matching a certain criteria. If a user is looking for a file this
 program will scan the database and tell him exactly where the files he
 requested are located. This only makes sense if the locate database is
-fairly up-to-date else it will provide out-of-date information.
-</para>
+fairly up-to-date else it will provide out-of-date information.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>Updatedb</title>
 
-<para>
-The updatedb program updates the locate database. It scans the entire
+<para>The updatedb program updates the locate database. It scans the entire
 file system (including other file system that are currently mounted
 unless it is told not to do so) and puts every directory and file it finds
 into the database that's used by the locate program which retrieves this
 information. It's a good practice to update this database once a day to
-have it up-to-date whenever it is needed.
-</para>
+have it up-to-date whenever it is needed.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>Xargs</title>
 
-<para>
-The xargs command applies a command to a list of files. If there is a need to
-perform the same command on multiple files, a file can be created that
-contains all these files (one per line) and use xargs to perform that
-command on the list.
-</para>
+<para>The xargs command applies a command to a list of files. If there is 
+a need to perform the same command on multiple files, a file can be created 
+that contains all these files (one per line) and use xargs to perform that
+command on the list.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>frcode</title>
 
-<para>
-updatedb runs a program called frcode to compress the list of file names
+<para>updatedb runs a program called frcode to compress the list of file names
 using front-compression, which reduces the database size by a factor of
-4 to 5.
-</para>
+4 to 5.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>code</title>
 
-<para>
-code is the ancestor of frcode. It was used in older-style locate databases.
-</para>
+<para>code is the ancestor of frcode. It was used in older-style locate 
+databases.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>bigram</title>
 	
-<para>
-bigram is used together with code to produce older-style locate databases. To
-learn more about these last three programs, read the locatedb.5 manual page.
-</para>
+<para>bigram is used together with code to produce older-style locate 
+databases. To learn more about these last three programs, read the locatedb.5 
+manual page.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/flex-desc.xml b/appendixa/flex-desc.xml
index 504feac53..64e23ee75 100644
--- a/appendixa/flex-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/flex-desc.xml
@@ -1,22 +1,18 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Flex package contains the flex program
-</para>
+<para>The Flex package contains the flex program</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-Flex is a tool for generating programs which recognizes patterns in text. 
+<para>Flex is a tool for generating programs which recognizes patterns in text. 
 Pattern recognition is very useful in many applications. A user sets up rules 
 what to look for and flex will make a program that looks for those
 patterns. The reason people use flex is that it is much easier to set up 
 rules for what to look for than to write the actual program that finds 
-the text.
-</para>
+the text.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/gcc-desc.xml b/appendixa/gcc-desc.xml
index f2223a1e2..8b112c12c 100644
--- a/appendixa/gcc-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/gcc-desc.xml
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The GCC package contains compilers, preprocessors and the GNU C++
-Library.
-</para>
+<para>The GCC package contains compilers, preprocessors and the GNU C++
+Library.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -12,38 +10,32 @@ Library.
 
 <sect3><title>Compiler</title>
 
-<para>
-A compiler translates source code in text format to a format
+<para>A compiler translates source code in text format to a format
 that a computer understands. After a source code file is compiled into
 an object file, a linker will create an executable file from one or more
-of these compiler generated object files.
-</para>
+of these compiler generated object files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>Preprocessor</title>
 
-<para>
-A preprocessor pre-processes a source file, such as including
+<para>A preprocessor pre-processes a source file, such as including
 the contents of header files into the source file. It's a good idea to 
 not 
 do this manually to save a lot of time. Someone just inserts a line
 like #include &lt;filename&gt;. The preprocessor inserts the
 contents of that file into the source file. That's one of the things a
-preprocessor does.
-</para>
+preprocessor does.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>C++ Library</title>
 
-<para>
-The C++ library is used by C++ programs. The C++ library contains
+<para>The C++ library is used by C++ programs. The C++ library contains
 functions that are frequently used in C++ programs. This way the
 programmer doesn't have to write certain functions (such as writing a
 string of text to the screen) from scratch every time he creates a
-program.
-</para>
+program.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/gettext-desc.xml b/appendixa/gettext-desc.xml
index a83b3f202..1fa231ccf 100644
--- a/appendixa/gettext-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/gettext-desc.xml
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The gettext package contains the gettext, gettextize, msgcmp, msgcomm,
-msgfmt, msgmerge, msgunfmt and xgettext programs.
-</para>
+<para>The gettext package contains the gettext, gettextize, msgcmp, msgcomm,
+msgfmt, msgmerge, msgunfmt and xgettext programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -12,13 +10,11 @@ msgfmt, msgmerge, msgunfmt and xgettext programs.
 
 <sect3><title>gettext</title>
 
-<para>
-The gettext package is used for internationalization (also known as
+<para>The gettext package is used for internationalization (also known as
 i18n) and for localization (also known as l10n). Programs can be
 compiled with Native Language Support (NLS) which enable them to output
 messages in the users native language rather than in the default English
-language.
-</para>
+language.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/glibc-desc.xml b/appendixa/glibc-desc.xml
index dace3b634..d456652aa 100644
--- a/appendixa/glibc-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/glibc-desc.xml
@@ -1,23 +1,18 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Glibc package contains the GNU C Library.
-</para>
+<para>The Glibc package contains the GNU C Library.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-The C Library is a collection of commonly used functions in programs.
+<para>The C Library is a collection of commonly used functions in programs.
 This way a programmer doesn't need to create his own functions for every
 single task. The most common things like writing a string to the screen
-are already present and at the disposal of the programmer.
-</para>
+are already present and at the disposal of the programmer.</para>
 
-<para>
-The C library (actually almost every library) come in two flavors:
+<para>The C library (actually almost every library) come in two flavors:
 dynamic ones and static ones. In short when a program uses a static C
 library, the code from the C library will be copied into the executable
 file. When a program uses a dynamic library, that executable will not
@@ -25,8 +20,7 @@ contain the code from the C library, but  instead a routine that loads
 the functions from the library at the time the program is run. This
 means a significant decrease in the file size of a program. The 
 documentation that comes with the C Library describes this in more
-detail, as it is too complicated to explain here in one or two lines.
-</para>
+detail, as it is too complicated to explain here in one or two lines.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/grep-desc.xml b/appendixa/grep-desc.xml
index ae0500583..e591e3124 100644
--- a/appendixa/grep-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/grep-desc.xml
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The grep package contains the egrep, fgrep and grep programs.
-</para>
+<para>The grep package contains the egrep, fgrep and grep programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -11,28 +9,22 @@ The grep package contains the egrep, fgrep and grep programs.
 
 <sect3><title>egrep</title>
 
-<para>
-egrep prints lines from files matching an extended regular expression
-pattern.
-</para>
+<para>egrep prints lines from files matching an extended regular expression
+pattern.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>fgrep</title>
 
-<para>
-fgrep prints lines from files matching a list of fixed strings,
-separated by newlines, any of which is to be matched.
-</para>
+<para>fgrep prints lines from files matching a list of fixed strings,
+separated by newlines, any of which is to be matched.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>grep</title>
 
-<para>
-grep prints lines from files matching a basic regular expression
-pattern.
-</para>
+<para>grep prints lines from files matching a basic regular expression
+pattern.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/groff-desc.xml b/appendixa/groff-desc.xml
index 954f0441d..75d4f57b1 100644
--- a/appendixa/groff-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/groff-desc.xml
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Groff packages contains the addftinfo, afmtodit, eqn, grodvi, groff,
+<para>The Groff packages contains the addftinfo, afmtodit, eqn, grodvi, groff,
 grog, grohtml, grolj4, grops, grotty, hpftodit, indxbib, lkbib, lookbib,
 neqn, nroff, pfbtops, pic, psbb, refer, soelim, tbl, tfmtodit and troff
-programs.
-</para>
+programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -14,219 +12,172 @@ programs.
 
 <sect3><title>addftinfo</title>
 
-<para>
-addftinfo reads a troff font file and adds some additional font-metric 
-information that is used by the groff system.
-</para>
+<para>addftinfo reads a troff font file and adds some additional font-metric 
+information that is used by the groff system.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>afmtodit</title>
 
-<para>
-afmtodit creates a font file for use with groff and grops.
-</para>
+<para>afmtodit creates a font file for use with groff and grops.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>eqn</title>
 
-<para>
-eqn compiles descriptions of equations embedded within troff input files 
-into commands that are understood by troff.
-</para>
+<para>eqn compiles descriptions of equations embedded within troff input files 
+into commands that are understood by troff.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>grodvi</title>
 
-<para>
-grodvi is a driver for groff that produces TeX dvi format.
-</para>
+<para>grodvi is a driver for groff that produces TeX dvi format.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>groff</title>
 
-<para>
-groff is a front-end to the groff document formatting system. Normally it 
+<para>groff is a front-end to the groff document formatting system. Normally it 
 runs the troff program and a post-processor appropriate for the selected 
-device.
-</para>
+device.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>grog</title>
 
-<para>
-grog reads files and guesses which of the groff options -e, -man, -me, -mm, 
--ms, -p, -s, and -t are required for printing files, and prints the groff
-command including those options on the standard output.
-</para>
+<para>grog reads files and guesses which of the groff options -e, -man, -me, 
+-mm, -ms, -p, -s, and -t are required for printing files, and prints the groff
+command including those options on the standard output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>grohtml</title>
 
-<para>
-grohtml translates the output of GNU troff to html
-</para>
+<para>grohtml translates the output of GNU troff to html</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>grolj4</title>
 
-<para>
-grolj4 is a driver for groff that produces output in PCL5 format suitable 
-for an HP Laserjet 4 printer.
-</para>
+<para>grolj4 is a driver for groff that produces output in PCL5 format suitable 
+for an HP Laserjet 4 printer.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>grops</title>
 
-<para>
-grops translates the output of GNU troff to Postscript.
-</para>
+<para>grops translates the output of GNU troff to Postscript.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>grotty</title>
 
-<para>
-grotty translates the output of GNU troff into a form suitable for 
-typewriter-like  devices.
-</para>
+<para>grotty translates the output of GNU troff into a form suitable for 
+typewriter-like  devices.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>hpftodit</title>
 
-<para>
-hpftodit creates a font file for use with groff -Tlj4 from an  HP
-tagged font metric file.
-</para>
+<para>hpftodit creates a font file for use with groff -Tlj4 from an  HP
+tagged font metric file.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>indxbib</title>
 
-<para>
-indxbib makes an inverted index for the bibliographic databases a
-specified file for use with refer, lookbib, and lkbib.
-</para>
+<para>indxbib makes an inverted index for the bibliographic databases a
+specified file for use with refer, lookbib, and lkbib.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>lkbib</title>
 
-<para>
-lkbib searches bibliographic databases for references that contain 
-specified keys and prints any references found on the standard output.
-</para>
+<para>lkbib searches bibliographic databases for references that contain 
+specified keys and prints any references found on the standard output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>lookbib</title>
 
-<para>
-lookbib prints a prompt on the standard error (unless the standard input 
+<para>lookbib prints a prompt on the standard error (unless the standard input 
 is not a terminal), reads from the standard input a line containing a set 
 of keywords, searches the bibliographic databases in a specified file for  
 references containing those keywords, prints any references found on the
-standard output, and repeats this process until the end of input.
-</para>
+standard output, and repeats this process until the end of input.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>neqn</title>
 
-<para>
-The neqn script formats equations for ascii output.
-</para>
+<para>The neqn script formats equations for ascii output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>nroff</title>
 
-<para>
-The nroff script emulates the nroff command using groff.
-</para>
+<para>The nroff script emulates the nroff command using groff.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>pfbtops</title>
 
-<para>
-pfbtops translates a Postscript font in .pfb format to ASCII.
-</para>
+<para>pfbtops translates a Postscript font in .pfb format to ASCII.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>pic</title>
 
-<para>
-pic compiles descriptions of pictures embedded within troff or TeX input 
-files into commands that are understood by TeX or  troff.
-</para>
+<para>pic compiles descriptions of pictures embedded within troff or TeX input 
+files into commands that are understood by TeX or  troff.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>psbb</title>
 
-<para>
-psbb reads a file which should be a Postscript document conforming to the 
-Document Structuring conventions and looks for a %%BoundingBox comment.
-</para>
+<para>psbb reads a file which should be a Postscript document conforming to the 
+Document Structuring conventions and looks for a %%BoundingBox comment.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>refer</title>
 
-<para>
-refer copies the contents of a file to the standard output, except that 
+<para>refer copies the contents of a file to the standard output, except that 
 lines between .[ and .] are interpreted as citations, and lines between .R1 
 and  .R2  are  interpreted as commands about how citations are to be 
-processed.
-</para>
+processed.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>soelim</title>
 
-<para>
-soelim reads files and replaces lines of the form 
+<para>soelim reads files and replaces lines of the form 
 <emphasis>.so file</emphasis> by  the  contents of
-<emphasis>file</emphasis>.
-</para>
+<emphasis>file</emphasis>.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>tbl</title>
 
-<para>
-tbl compiles descriptions of tables embedded within troff input files 
-into commands that are understood  by  troff.
-</para>
+<para>tbl compiles descriptions of tables embedded within troff input files 
+into commands that are understood  by  troff.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>tfmtodit</title>
 
-<para>
-tfmtodit creates a font file for use with <userinput>groff
--Tdvi</userinput>
-</para>
+<para>tfmtodit creates a font file for use with <userinput>groff
+-Tdvi</userinput></para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>troff</title>
 
-<para>
-troff is highly compatible with Unix troff. Usually it should be invoked 
+<para>troff is highly compatible with Unix troff. Usually it should be invoked 
 using the groff command, which will also run preprocessors and 
-post-processors in the appropriate order and with the appropriate options.
-</para>
+post-processors in the appropriate order and with the appropriate 
+options.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/gzip-desc.xml b/appendixa/gzip-desc.xml
index dbfe0f719..7f66f985a 100644
--- a/appendixa/gzip-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/gzip-desc.xml
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Gzip package contains the compress, gunzip, gzexe, gzip, uncompress, 
-zcat, zcmp, zdiff, zforce, zgrep, zmore and znew programs.
-</para>
+<para>The Gzip package contains the compress, gunzip, gzexe, gzip, uncompress, 
+zcat, zcmp, zdiff, zforce, zgrep, zmore and znew programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -12,88 +10,70 @@ zcat, zcmp, zdiff, zforce, zgrep, zmore and znew programs.
 
 <sect3><title>gunzip</title>
 
-<para>
-gunzip decompresses files that are compressed with gzip.
-</para>
+<para>gunzip decompresses files that are compressed with gzip.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>gzexe</title>
 
-<para>
-gzexe allows to compress executables in place and have them 
+<para>gzexe allows to compress executables in place and have them 
 automatically uncompress and execute when they are run (at a penalty in 
-performance).
-</para>
+performance).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>gzip</title>
 
-<para>
-gzip reduces the size of the named files using Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77).
-</para>
+<para>gzip reduces the size of the named files using 
+Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>zcat</title>
 
-<para>
-zcat uncompresses either a list of files on the command line or its 
-standard input and writes the uncompressed data on standard output
-</para>
+<para>zcat uncompresses either a list of files on the command line or its 
+standard input and writes the uncompressed data on standard output</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>zcmp</title>
 
-<para>
-zcmp invokes the cmp program on compressed files.
-</para>
+<para>zcmp invokes the cmp program on compressed files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>zdiff</title>
 
-<para>
-zdiff invokes the diff program on compressed files.
-</para>
+<para>zdiff invokes the diff program on compressed files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>zforce</title>
 
-<para>
-zforce forces a  .gz extension on all gzip files so that gzip will not 
+<para>zforce forces a  .gz extension on all gzip files so that gzip will not 
 compress them twice.  This can be useful for files with names truncated 
-after a file transfer.
-</para>
+after a file transfer.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>zgrep</title>
 
-<para>
-zgrep invokes the grep program on compressed files.
-</para>
+<para>zgrep invokes the grep program on compressed files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>zmore</title>
 
-<para>
-zmore is a filter which allows examination of compressed or plain text 
+<para>zmore is a filter which allows examination of compressed or plain text 
 files one screen at a time on a soft-copy terminal (similar to the
-more program).
-</para>
+more program).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>znew</title>
 
-<para>
-znew re-compresses files from .Z (compress) format to .gz (gzip) format. 
-</para>
+<para>znew re-compresses files from .Z (compress) format to 
+.gz (gzip) format.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/introduction.xml b/appendixa/introduction.xml
index 609a8a17b..7e61dbb8d 100644
--- a/appendixa/introduction.xml
+++ b/appendixa/introduction.xml
@@ -2,51 +2,37 @@
 <title>Introduction</title>
 
 
-<para>
-This appendix describes the following aspect of each and every package
-that is installed in this book:
-</para>
+<para>This appendix describes the following aspect of each and every package
+that is installed in this book:</para>
 
 <itemizedlist>
 
-<listitem><para>
-	What every package contains
-</para></listitem>
+<listitem><para>	What every package contains</para></listitem>
 
-<listitem><para>
-	What every program from a package does
-</para></listitem>
+<listitem><para>	What every program from a package does</para></listitem>
 
 </itemizedlist>
 
-<para>
-The packages are listed in the same order as they are installed in
-chapter 5 (Intel system) or chapter 11 (PPC systems).
-</para>
+<para>The packages are listed in the same order as they are installed in
+chapter 5 (Intel system) or chapter 11 (PPC systems).</para>
 
-<para>
-Most information about these packages (especially the descriptions of
+<para>Most information about these packages (especially the descriptions of
 it) come from the man pages from those packages. I'm not going to print
 the entire man page, just the core elements to make it possible to understand
  what
 a program does. To get knowledge of all details on a program, I suggest
-to start by reading the complete man page in addition to this appendix.
-</para>
+to start by reading the complete man page in addition to this appendix.</para>
 
-<para>
-Certain packages are documented more in depth
+<para>Certain packages are documented more in depth
 than others, because I just happen to know more about certain
 packages than I know about others. If anything should be added on the
 following descriptions, please don't hesitate to email me. This list is
 going to contain an in depth description of every package installed, but
 I can't do this on my own. I have had help from various people but more
-help is needed.
-</para>
+help is needed.</para>
 
-<para>
-Please note that currently only what a package does is described and not
-why it needs to be installed. That will be added later.
-</para>
+<para>Please note that currently only what a package does is described and not
+why it needs to be installed. That will be added later.</para>
 
 </sect1>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/kbd-desc.xml b/appendixa/kbd-desc.xml
index d1eb43576..5f95a8ad5 100644
--- a/appendixa/kbd-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/kbd-desc.xml
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Kbd package contains the chvt,
+<para>The Kbd package contains the chvt,
 deallocvt, dumpkeys, fgconsole, getkeycodes,
 kbd_mode, kbdrate, loadkeys, loadunimap, mapscrn,
 psfxtable,
@@ -11,8 +10,7 @@ setkeycodes, setleds, setmetamode, setvesablank, showfont,
 showkey,
 unicode_start, and unicode_stop programs. There are some other programs that
 don't get installed by default, as they are very optional. Take a look at the
-Kbd package contents if you have trouble with your console.
-</para>
+Kbd package contents if you have trouble with your console.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -22,203 +20,161 @@ Kbd package contents if you have trouble with your console.
 <sect3>
 <title>chvt</title>
 
-<para>
-chvt changes foreground virtual terminal.
-</para>
+<para>chvt changes foreground virtual terminal.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>deallocvt</title>
 
-<para>
-deallocvt deallocates unused virtual terminals.
-</para>
+<para>deallocvt deallocates unused virtual terminals.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>dumpkeys</title>
 
-<para>
-dumpkeys dumps keyboard translation tables.
-</para>
+<para>dumpkeys dumps keyboard translation tables.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>fgconsole</title>
 
-<para>
-fgconsole prints the number of the active virtual terminal.
-</para>
+<para>fgconsole prints the number of the active virtual terminal.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>getkeycodes</title>
 
-<para>
-getkeycodes prints the kernel scancode-to-keycode mapping table.
-</para>
+<para>getkeycodes prints the kernel scancode-to-keycode mapping table.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>kbd_mode</title>
 
-<para>
-kbd_mode reports or sets the keyboard mode.
-</para>
+<para>kbd_mode reports or sets the keyboard mode.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>kbdrate</title>
 
-<para>
-kbdrate sets the keyboard repeat and delay rates.
-</para>
+<para>kbdrate sets the keyboard repeat and delay rates.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>loadkeys</title>
 
-<para>
-loadkeys loads keyboard translation tables.
-</para>
+<para>loadkeys loads keyboard translation tables.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>loadunimap</title>
 
-<para>
-loadunimap loads the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table.
-</para>
+<para>loadunimap loads the kernel unicode-to-font mapping table.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>mapscrn</title>
 
-<para>
-mapscrn loads a user defined output character
+<para>mapscrn loads a user defined output character
 mapping table into the console driver. Note that it is obsolete and that its
-features are built into setfont.
-</para>
+features are built into setfont.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>psfxtable</title>
 
-<para>
-psfxtable is a tool for handling Unicode character tables for console fonts.
-</para>
+<para>psfxtable is a tool for handling Unicode character tables for 
+console fonts.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>resizecons</title>
 
-<para>
-resizecons changes the kernel idea of the console size.
-</para>
+<para>resizecons changes the kernel idea of the console size.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>screendump</title>
 
-<para>
-A screen shot utility for the console.
-</para>
+<para>A screen shot utility for the console.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>setfont</title>
 
-<para>
-This lets you change the EGA/VGA fonts in console.
-</para>
+<para>This lets you change the EGA/VGA fonts in console.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>setkeycodes</title>
 
-<para>
-setkeycodes loads kernel scancode-to-keycode mapping table entries.
-</para>
+<para>setkeycodes loads kernel scancode-to-keycode mapping table entries.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>setleds</title>
 
-<para>
-setleds sets the keyboard LEDs. Many people find it useful to have numlock
-enabled by default, and it is by using this program that you can achieve this.
-</para>
+<para>setleds sets the keyboard LEDs. Many people find it useful to have numlock
+enabled by default, and it is by using this program that you can 
+achieve this.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>setmetamode</title>
 
-<para>
-setmetamode defines the keyboard meta key handling.
-</para>
+<para>setmetamode defines the keyboard meta key handling.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>setvesablank</title>
 
-<para>
-This lets you fiddle with the built-in hardware screensaver (not toasters, only
-a blank screen).
-</para>
+<para>This lets you fiddle with the built-in hardware screensaver 
+(not toasters, only a blank screen).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>showfont</title>
 
-<para>
-showfont displays data about a font. The information shown includes font
-information, font properties, character metrics, and character bitmaps.
-</para>
+<para>showfont displays data about a font. The information shown includes font
+information, font properties, character metrics, and character bitmaps.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>showkey</title>
 
-<para>
-showkey examines the scancodes and keycodes sent by the keyboard.
-</para>
+<para>showkey examines the scancodes and keycodes sent by the keyboard.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>unicode_start</title>
 
-<para>
-unicode_start puts the console in Unicode mode.
-</para>
+<para>unicode_start puts the console in Unicode mode.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>unicode_stop</title>
 
-<para>
-unicode_stop reverts keyboard and console from unicode mode.
-</para>
+<para>unicode_stop reverts keyboard and console from unicode mode.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/kernel-desc.xml b/appendixa/kernel-desc.xml
index da3c8d6ec..5d406cfe5 100644
--- a/appendixa/kernel-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/kernel-desc.xml
@@ -1,22 +1,18 @@
 <sect2><title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Linux kernel package contains the Linux kernel.
-</para>
+<para>The Linux kernel package contains the Linux kernel.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-The Linux kernel is at the core of every Linux system. It's what makes
+<para>The Linux kernel is at the core of every Linux system. It's what makes
 Linux tick. When a computer is turned on and boots a Linux system, the
 very first piece of Linux software that gets loaded is the kernel. The
 kernel initializes the system's hardware components such as serial
 ports, parallel ports, sound cards, network cards, IDE controllers, SCSI
 controllers and a lot more. In a nutshell the kernel makes the hardware
-available so that the software can run.
-</para>
+available so that the software can run.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/less-desc.xml b/appendixa/less-desc.xml
index 5ad7702dc..1a3121f81 100644
--- a/appendixa/less-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/less-desc.xml
@@ -1,15 +1,12 @@
 <sect2><title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Less package contains the less program
-</para>
+<para>The Less package contains the less program</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-The less program is a file pager (or text viewer). It displays the
+<para>The less program is a file pager (or text viewer). It displays the
 contents
 of a file with the ability to scroll. Less is an improvement on the
 common
@@ -17,8 +14,7 @@ pager called <quote>more</quote>. Less has the ability to scroll
 backwards
 through files as well and it doesn't need to read the entire file when
 it
-starts, which makes it faster when reading large files.
-</para>
+starts, which makes it faster when reading large files.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/libtool-desc.xml b/appendixa/libtool-desc.xml
index 7618e78fc..996fc74b4 100644
--- a/appendixa/libtool-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/libtool-desc.xml
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 <sect2><title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Libtool package contains the libtool and libtoolize programs. It
-also contains the ltdl library.
-</para>
+<para>The Libtool package contains the libtool and libtoolize programs. It
+also contains the ltdl library.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -11,27 +9,21 @@ also contains the ltdl library.
 
 <sect3><title>libtool</title>
 
-<para>
-Libtool provides generalized library-building support services.
-</para>
+<para>Libtool provides generalized library-building support services.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>libtoolize</title>
 
-<para>
-libtoolize provides a standard way to add libtool support to a
-package.
-</para>
+<para>libtoolize provides a standard way to add libtool support to a
+package.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>ltdl library</title>
 
-<para>
-Libtool provides a small library, called `libltdl', that aims at hiding 
-the various difficulties of dlopening libraries from programmers.
-</para>
+<para>Libtool provides a small library, called `libltdl', that aims at hiding 
+the various difficulties of dlopening libraries from programmers.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/lilo-desc.xml b/appendixa/lilo-desc.xml
index 016bffb9f..1d6575612 100644
--- a/appendixa/lilo-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/lilo-desc.xml
@@ -1,18 +1,14 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Lilo package contains the lilo program.
-</para>
+<para>The Lilo package contains the lilo program.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-lilo installs the Linux boot loader which is used to start a Linux
-system.
-</para>
+<para>lilo installs the Linux boot loader which is used to start a Linux
+system.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/m4-desc.xml b/appendixa/m4-desc.xml
index 83c01550d..a62317f38 100644
--- a/appendixa/m4-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/m4-desc.xml
@@ -1,23 +1,19 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The M4 package contains the M4 processor
-</para>
+<para>The M4 package contains the M4 processor</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2>
 <title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-M4 is a macro processor. It copies input to output expanding macros as it 
+<para>M4 is a macro processor. It copies input to output expanding macros as it 
 goes. Macros are either built-in or user-defined and can take any number
 of arguments. Besides just doing macro expansion m4 has built-in functions 
 for including named files, running UNIX commands, doing integer arithmetic, 
 manipulating text in various ways, recursion, etc. M4 can be used either 
-as a front-end to a compiler or as a macro processor in its own right.
-</para>
+as a front-end to a compiler or as a macro processor in its own right.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/make-desc.xml b/appendixa/make-desc.xml
index 80257b54e..88f8ed6c9 100644
--- a/appendixa/make-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/make-desc.xml
@@ -1,17 +1,13 @@
 <sect2><title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Make package contains the make program.
-</para>
+<para>The Make package contains the make program.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-make determines automatically which pieces of a large program need to be 
-recompiled, and issues the commands to recompile them.
-</para>
+<para>make determines automatically which pieces of a large program need to be 
+recompiled, and issues the commands to recompile them.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/makedev-desc.xml b/appendixa/makedev-desc.xml
index 541aeaa31..07042d910 100644
--- a/appendixa/makedev-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/makedev-desc.xml
@@ -1,17 +1,13 @@
 <sect2><title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The MAKEDEV package contains the MAKEDEV script.
-</para>
+<para>The MAKEDEV package contains the MAKEDEV script.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-MAKEDEV is a script that can help in creating the necessary static
-device files that usually reside in the /dev directory.
-</para>
+<para>MAKEDEV is a script that can help in creating the necessary static
+device files that usually reside in the /dev directory.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/man-desc.xml b/appendixa/man-desc.xml
index bb42984a1..5842fed54 100644
--- a/appendixa/man-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/man-desc.xml
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 <sect2><title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Man package contains the man, apropos whatis and makewhatis
-programs.
-</para>
+<para>The Man package contains the man, apropos whatis and makewhatis
+programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -11,42 +9,34 @@ programs.
 
 <sect3><title>man</title>
 
-<para>
-man formats and displays the on-line manual pages.
-</para>
+<para>man formats and displays the on-line manual pages.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>apropos</title>
 
-<para>
-apropos searches a set of database files containing short descriptions 
+<para>apropos searches a set of database files containing short descriptions 
 of system commands for keywords and  displays the result on the standard 
-output.
-</para>
+output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>whatis</title>
 
-<para>
-whatis searches a set of database files containing short descriptions 
+<para>whatis searches a set of database files containing short descriptions 
 of system commands for keywords and displays the result on the standard 
-output. Only complete word matches are displayed.
-</para>
+output. Only complete word matches are displayed.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>makewhatis</title>
 
-<para>
-makewhatis reads all the manual pages contained in given sections of 
+<para>makewhatis reads all the manual pages contained in given sections of 
 manpath or the pre-formatted pages contained in the given sections of 
 catpath. For  each  page, it writes a line in the whatis database; each 
 line consists of the name of the page  and  a  short  description, 
 separated  by a dash. The description is extracted using the content of 
-the NAME section of the manual page.
-</para>
+the NAME section of the manual page.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/manpages-desc.xml b/appendixa/manpages-desc.xml
index 2fa30e7bf..a0d73e323 100644
--- a/appendixa/manpages-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/manpages-desc.xml
@@ -1,18 +1,14 @@
 <sect2><title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Man-pages package contains various manual pages that don't come with
-the packages.
-</para>
+<para>The Man-pages package contains various manual pages that don't come with
+the packages.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-Examples of provided manual pages are the manual pages describing all
-the C and C++ functions, few important /dev/ files and more.
-</para>
+<para>Examples of provided manual pages are the manual pages describing all
+the C and C++ functions, few important /dev/ files and more.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/mawk-desc.xml b/appendixa/mawk-desc.xml
index 216f05f7e..baa962375 100644
--- a/appendixa/mawk-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/mawk-desc.xml
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 <sect2><title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Mawk package contains the mawk program.
-</para>
+<para>The Mawk package contains the mawk program.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -10,11 +8,9 @@ The Mawk package contains the mawk program.
 
 <sect3><title>mawk</title>
 
-<para>
-Mawk is an interpreter for the AWK Programming Language. The AWK
+<para>Mawk is an interpreter for the AWK Programming Language. The AWK
 language is useful for manipulation of data files, text retrieval and 
-processing, and for prototyping and experimenting with algorithms.
-</para>
+processing, and for prototyping and experimenting with algorithms.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/modutils-desc.xml b/appendixa/modutils-desc.xml
index cf0fb85fe..b11491521 100644
--- a/appendixa/modutils-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/modutils-desc.xml
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Modutils package contains the depmod, genksyms, insmod,
+<para>The Modutils package contains the depmod, genksyms, insmod,
 insmod_ksymoops_clean, kerneld, kernelversion, ksyms, lsmod, modinfo,
-modprobe and rmmod programs.
-</para>
+modprobe and rmmod programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -13,95 +11,73 @@ modprobe and rmmod programs.
 
 <sect3><title>depmod</title>
 
-<para>
-depmod handles dependency descriptions for loadable kernel modules.
-</para>
+<para>depmod handles dependency descriptions for loadable kernel modules.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>genksyms</title>
 
-<para>
-genksyms reads (on standard input) the output from gcc  -E source.c 
-and generates a file containing version information.
-</para>
+<para>genksyms reads (on standard input) the output from gcc  -E source.c 
+and generates a file containing version information.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>insmod</title>
 
-<para>
-insmod installs a loadable module in the running kernel.
-</para>
+<para>insmod installs a loadable module in the running kernel.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>insmod_ksymoops_clean</title>
 
-<para>
-insmod_ksymoops_clean deletes saved ksyms and modules not accessed in 
-2 days.
-</para>
+<para>insmod_ksymoops_clean deletes saved ksyms and modules not accessed in 
+2 days.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>kerneld</title>
 
-<para>
-kerneld performs kernel action in user space (such as on-demand loading of 
-modules)
-</para>
+<para>kerneld performs kernel action in user space (such as on-demand loading 
+of modules)</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>kernelversion</title>
 
-<para>
-kernelversion reports the major version of the running kernel.
-</para>
+<para>kernelversion reports the major version of the running kernel.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>ksyms</title>
 
-<para>
-ksyms displays exported kernel symbols.
-</para>
+<para>ksyms displays exported kernel symbols.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>lsmod</title>
 
-<para>
-lsmod shows information about all loaded modules.
-</para>
+<para>lsmod shows information about all loaded modules.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>modinfo</title>
 
-<para>
-modinfo examines an object file associated with a kernel module and 
-displays any  information that it can glean.
-</para>
+<para>modinfo examines an object file associated with a kernel module and 
+displays any  information that it can glean.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>modprobe</title>
 
-<para>
-Modprobe uses a Makefile-like dependency file, created by depmod, 
+<para>Modprobe uses a Makefile-like dependency file, created by depmod, 
 to automatically load the relevant module(s) from the set of modules 
-available in predefined directory trees.
-</para>
+available in predefined directory trees.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>rmmod</title>
 
-<para>
-rmmod unloads loadable modules from the running kernel.
-</para>
+<para>rmmod unloads loadable modules from the running kernel.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/ncurses-desc.xml b/appendixa/ncurses-desc.xml
index a8e2c3b9a..2824c6a10 100644
--- a/appendixa/ncurses-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/ncurses-desc.xml
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Ncurses package contains the ncurses, panel, menu and form
+<para>The Ncurses package contains the ncurses, panel, menu and form
 libraries. It also contains the tic, infocmp, clear, tput, toe and tset
-programs.
-</para>
+programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -13,80 +11,66 @@ programs.
 
 <sect3><title>The libraries</title>
 
-<para>
-The libraries that make up the Ncurses library are used to display text
+<para>The libraries that make up the Ncurses library are used to display text
 (often in a fancy way) on the screen. An example where ncurses is used
 is in the kernel's <quote>make menuconfig</quote> process. The libraries
 contain routines to create panels, menu's, form and general text display
-routines.
-</para>
+routines.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>Tic</title>
 
-<para>
-Tic is the terminfo entry-description compiler. The program translates a
+<para>Tic is the terminfo entry-description compiler. The program translates a
 terminfo file from source format into the binary format for use with the
 ncurses library routines. Terminfo files contain information about the
-capabilities of a terminal.
-</para>
+capabilities of a terminal.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>Infocmp</title>
 
-<para>
-The infocmp program can be used to compare a binary terminfo entry with
+<para>The infocmp program can be used to compare a binary terminfo entry with
 other
 terminfo entries, rewrite a terminfo description to take advantage of
 the
 use=  terminfo field, or print  out  a  terminfo  description  from the
 binary
-file (term) in a variety of formats (the opposite of what tic does).
-</para>
+file (term) in a variety of formats (the opposite of what tic does).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>clear</title>
 
-<para>
-The clear program clears the screen if this is possible.  It looks in
+<para>The clear program clears the screen if this is possible.  It looks in
 the environment for the terminal type and then in the terminfo database
 to
-figure out how to clear the screen.
-</para>
+figure out how to clear the screen.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>tput</title>
 
-<para>
-The tput program uses the terminfo database to make the values of
+<para>The tput program uses the terminfo database to make the values of
 terminal-dependent capabilities and  information available to the shell,
 to
 initialize or reset the terminal, or return the long name of the
 requested
-terminal type.
-</para>
+terminal type.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>toe</title>
 
-<para>
-The toe program lists all available terminal types by primary name with
-descriptions.
-</para>
+<para>The toe program lists all available terminal types by primary name with
+descriptions.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>tset</title>
 
-<para>
-The Tset program initializes terminals so they can be used, but it's not
-widely used anymore. It's provided for 4.4BSD compatibility.
-</para>
+<para>The Tset program initializes terminals so they can be used, but it's not
+widely used anymore. It's provided for 4.4BSD compatibility.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/netkitbase-desc.xml b/appendixa/netkitbase-desc.xml
index 2d5f982f6..a66745525 100644
--- a/appendixa/netkitbase-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/netkitbase-desc.xml
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Netkit-base package contains the inetd and ping programs.
-</para>
+<para>The Netkit-base package contains the inetd and ping programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -13,19 +11,16 @@ The Netkit-base package contains the inetd and ping programs.
 <sect3>
 <title>inetd</title>
 
-<para>
-inetd is the mother of all daemons. It listens for connections, and transfers
-the call to the appropriate daemon.
-</para>
+<para>inetd is the mother of all daemons. It listens for connections, and 
+transfers the call to the appropriate daemon.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>ping</title>
 
-<para>
-ping sends ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to a host and determines its response time.
-</para>
+<para>ping sends ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to a host and determines its 
+response time.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/nettools-desc.xml b/appendixa/nettools-desc.xml
index b0d12f9fe..21943e6e8 100644
--- a/appendixa/nettools-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/nettools-desc.xml
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Net-tools package contains the arp, hostname, ifconfig, netstat, plipconfig
-rarp, route, and slattach programs.
-</para>
+<para>The Net-tools package contains the arp, hostname, ifconfig, netstat, 
+plipconfig rarp, route, and slattach programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -14,79 +12,66 @@ rarp, route, and slattach programs.
 <sect3>
 <title>arp</title>
 
-<para>
-arp is used to manipulate the kernel's ARP cache, usually to add or delete an
-entry, or to dump the ARP cache.
-</para>
+<para>arp is used to manipulate the kernel's ARP cache, usually to add
+or delete an entry, or to dump the ARP cache.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>hostname</title>
 
-<para>
-hostname, with its symlinks domainname, dnsdomainname, nisdomainname,
+<para>hostname, with its symlinks domainname, dnsdomainname, nisdomainname,
 ypdomainname, and nodename, is used to set or show the system's hostname (or
-other, depending on the symlink used).
-</para>
+other, depending on the symlink used).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>ifconfig</title>
 
-<para>
-The ifconfig command is the general command used to configure network
-interfaces.
-</para>
+<para>The ifconfig command is the general command used to configure network
+interfaces.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>netstat</title>
 
-<para>
-netstat is a multi-purpose tool used to print the network connections, routing
-tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships.
-</para>
+<para>netstat is a multi-purpose tool used to print the network connections, 
+routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast 
+memberships.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>plipconfig</title>
 
-<para>
-plipconfig is used to fine-tune the PLIP device parameters, hopefully making it
-faster.
-</para>
+<para>plipconfig is used to fine-tune the PLIP device parameters, hopefully 
+making it faster.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>rarp</title>
 
-<para>
-Akin to the arp program, the rarp program manipulates the system's RARP table.
-</para>
+<para>Akin to the arp program, the rarp program manipulates the system's 
+RARP table.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>route</title>
 
-<para>
-route is the general utility which is used to manipulate the IP routing table.
-</para>
+<para>route is the general utility which is used to manipulate the IP 
+routing table.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>slattach</title>
 
-<para>
-slattach attaches a network interface to a serial line, i.e.. puts a normal
-terminal line into one of several "network" modes.
-</para>
+<para>slattach attaches a network interface to a serial line, i.e.. puts a 
+normal terminal line into one of several "network" modes.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/patch-desc.xml b/appendixa/patch-desc.xml
index c59f6b836..729a52acb 100644
--- a/appendixa/patch-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/patch-desc.xml
@@ -1,16 +1,13 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Patch package contains the patch program.
-</para>
+<para>The Patch package contains the patch program.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-The patch program modifies a file according to a patch file. A patch
+<para>The patch program modifies a file according to a patch file. A patch
 file usually is a list created by the diff program that contains
 instructions on how an original file needs to be modified. Patch is used
 a lot for source code patches since it saves time and space. Imagine
@@ -19,8 +16,7 @@ only has changes in two files of the first version. It can be shipped as an
 entirely new package of 1MB or just as a patch file of 1KB which will
 update the first version to make it identical to the second version. So
 if the first version was downloaded already, a patch file avoids
-a second large download.
-</para>
+a second large download.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/perl-desc.xml b/appendixa/perl-desc.xml
index 52eaac0c2..6c68f8a32 100644
--- a/appendixa/perl-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/perl-desc.xml
@@ -1,20 +1,16 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Perl package contains Perl - Practical Extraction and Report
-Language
-</para>
+<para>The Perl package contains Perl - Practical Extraction and Report
+Language</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2>
 <title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-Perl combines the features and capabilities of C, awk, sed and sh into
-one powerful programming language.
-</para>
+<para>Perl combines the features and capabilities of C, awk, sed and sh into
+one powerful programming language.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/procinfo-desc.xml b/appendixa/procinfo-desc.xml
index 8c6ff015c..a22d5dcfb 100644
--- a/appendixa/procinfo-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/procinfo-desc.xml
@@ -1,18 +1,14 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Procinfo package contains the procinfo program.
-</para>
+<para>The Procinfo package contains the procinfo program.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-procinfo gathers some system data from the /proc directory
-and prints it nicely formatted on the standard output device.
-</para>
+<para>procinfo gathers some system data from the /proc directory
+and prints it nicely formatted on the standard output device.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/procps-desc.xml b/appendixa/procps-desc.xml
index 01418b7f9..c3064a56a 100644
--- a/appendixa/procps-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/procps-desc.xml
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Procps package contains the free, kill, oldps, ps, skill, snice,
-sysctl, tload, top, uptime, vmstat, w and watch programs.
-</para>
+<para>The Procps package contains the free, kill, oldps, ps, skill, snice,
+sysctl, tload, top, uptime, vmstat, w and watch programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -12,103 +10,83 @@ sysctl, tload, top, uptime, vmstat, w and watch programs.
 
 <sect3><title>free</title>
 
-<para>
-free displays the total amount of free and used physical and swap memory 
-in the system, as well as the shared memory and buffers used by the kernel.
-</para>
+<para>free displays the total amount of free and used physical and swap memory 
+in the system, as well as the shared memory and buffers used by the 
+kernel.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>kill</title>
 
-<para>
-kills sends signals to processes.
-</para>
+<para>kills sends signals to processes.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>oldps and ps</title>
 
-<para>
-ps gives a snapshot of the current processes.
-</para>
+<para>ps gives a snapshot of the current processes.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>skill</title>
 
-<para>
-skill sends signals to process matching a criteria.
-</para>
+<para>skill sends signals to process matching a criteria.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>snice</title>
 
-<para>
-snice changes the scheduling priority for process matching a criteria.
-</para>
+<para>snice changes the scheduling priority for process matching a 
+criteria.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>sysctl</title>
 
-<para>
-sysctl modifies kernel parameters at runtime.
-</para>
+<para>sysctl modifies kernel parameters at runtime.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>tload</title>
 
-<para>
-tload prints a graph of the current system load average to the specified 
-tty (or the tty of the tload process if none is specified).
-</para>
+<para>tload prints a graph of the current system load average to the 
+specified tty (or the tty of the tload process if none is specified).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>top</title>
 
-<para>
-top provides an ongoing look at processor activity in real time.
-</para>
+<para>top provides an ongoing look at processor activity in real time.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>uptime</title>
 
-<para>
-uptime gives a one line display of the following information: the current 
+<para>uptime gives a one line display of the following information: the current 
 time, how long the system has been running, how many users are currently 
-logged on, and the system load averages for the past 1, 5, and 15 minutes.
-</para>
+logged on, and the system load averages for the past 1, 5, and 15 
+minutes.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>vmstat</title>
 
-<para>
-vmstat reports information about processes, memory, paging, block IO, 
-traps, and cpu activity.
-</para>
+<para>vmstat reports information about processes, memory, paging, block IO, 
+traps, and cpu activity.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>w</title>
 
-<para>
-w displays information about the users currently on the machine, and 
-their processes.
-</para>
+<para>w displays information about the users currently on the machine, and 
+their processes.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>watch</title>
 
-<para>
-watch runs command repeatedly, displaying its output (the first screen full).
-</para>
+<para>watch runs command repeatedly, displaying its output (the first 
+screen full).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/psmisc-desc.xml b/appendixa/psmisc-desc.xml
index a8cd4fe56..090face99 100644
--- a/appendixa/psmisc-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/psmisc-desc.xml
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Psmisc package contains the fuser, killall and pstree programs.
-</para>
+<para>The Psmisc package contains the fuser, killall and pstree programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -11,27 +9,21 @@ The Psmisc package contains the fuser, killall and pstree programs.
 
 <sect3><title>fuser</title>
 
-<para>
-fuser displays the PIDs of processes using the specified files or file 
-systems.
-</para>
+<para>fuser displays the PIDs of processes using the specified files or file 
+systems.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>killall</title>
 
-<para>
-killall sends a signal to all processes running any of the specified 
-commands.
-</para>
+<para>killall sends a signal to all processes running any of the specified 
+commands.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>pstree</title>
 
-<para>
-pstree shows running processes as a tree.
-</para>
+<para>pstree shows running processes as a tree.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/sed-desc.xml b/appendixa/sed-desc.xml
index 401fa9a82..4863ae9b3 100644
--- a/appendixa/sed-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/sed-desc.xml
@@ -1,18 +1,14 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Sed package contains the sed program.
-</para>
+<para>The Sed package contains the sed program.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
 <sect2><title>Description</title>
 
-<para>
-sed is a stream editor. A stream editor is used to perform basic text 
-transformations on an input stream (a file or input from a pipeline).
-</para>
+<para>sed is a stream editor. A stream editor is used to perform basic text 
+transformations on an input stream (a file or input from a pipeline).</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/shadowpwd-desc.xml b/appendixa/shadowpwd-desc.xml
index 38aca4369..93caf7368 100644
--- a/appendixa/shadowpwd-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/shadowpwd-desc.xml
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Shadow Password Suite contains the chage, chfn, chsh, expiry,
+<para>The Shadow Password Suite contains the chage, chfn, chsh, expiry,
 faillog, gpasswd, lastlog, login, newgrp, passwd, sg, su, chpasswd, 
 dpasswd, groupadd, groupdel, groupmod, grpck, grpconv, grpunconv, logoutd,
 mkpasswd, newusers, pwck, pwconv, pwunconv, useradd, userdel, usermod
-and vipw programs.
-</para>
+and vipw programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -15,257 +13,204 @@ and vipw programs.
 
 <sect3><title>chage</title>
 
-<para>
-chage changes the number of days between password changes and the date of 
-the last password change.
-</para>
+<para>chage changes the number of days between password changes and the date of 
+the last password change.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>chfn</title>
 
-<para>
-chfn changes user full name, office number, office extension, and home 
-phone number information for a user's account.
-</para>
+<para>chfn changes user full name, office number, office extension, and home 
+phone number information for a user's account.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>chsh</title>
 
-<para>
-chsh  changes the user login shell.
-</para>
+<para>chsh  changes the user login shell.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>expiry</title>
 
-<para>
-Checks and enforces password expiration policy.
-</para>
+<para>Checks and enforces password expiration policy.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>faillog</title>
 
-<para>
-faillog formats the contents of the failure log,/var/log/faillog, and 
-maintains failure counts and limits.
-</para>
+<para>faillog formats the contents of the failure log,/var/log/faillog, and 
+maintains failure counts and limits.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>gpasswd</title>
 
-<para>
-gpasswd is used to administer the /etc/group file
-</para>
+<para>gpasswd is used to administer the /etc/group file</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>lastlog</title>
 
-<para>
-lastlog formats and prints the contents of the last login log, 
-/var/log/lastlog. The login-name, port, and last login time will be printed.
-</para>
+<para>lastlog formats and prints the contents of the last login log, 
+/var/log/lastlog. The login-name, port, and last login time will be 
+printed.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>login</title>
 
-<para>
-login is used to establish a new session with the system.
-</para>
+<para>login is used to establish a new session with the system.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>newgrp</title>
 
-<para>
-newgrp is used to change the current group ID during a login session.
-</para>
+<para>newgrp is used to change the current group ID during a 
+login session.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>passwd</title>
 
-<para>
-passwd changes passwords for user and group accounts.
-</para>
+<para>passwd changes passwords for user and group accounts.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>sg</title>
 
-<para>
-sg executes command as a different group ID.
-</para>
+<para>sg executes command as a different group ID.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>su</title>
 
-<para>
-Change the effective user id and group id to that of a user. This
-replaces the su programs that's installed from the Shellutils package.
-</para>
+<para>Change the effective user id and group id to that of a user. This
+replaces the su programs that's installed from the Shellutils package.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>chpasswd</title>
 
-<para>
-chpasswd reads a file of user name and password pairs from standard 
-input and uses this information to update a group of existing users.
-</para>
+<para>chpasswd reads a file of user name and password pairs from standard 
+input and uses this information to update a group of existing users.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>dpasswd</title>
 
-<para>
-dpasswd adds, deletes, and updates dial-up passwords for user login shells.
-</para>
+<para>dpasswd adds, deletes, and updates dial-up passwords for 
+user login shells.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>groupadd</title>
 
-<para>
-The groupadd command creates a new group account using the values 
-specified on the command line and the default values  from the system.
-</para>
+<para>The groupadd command creates a new group account using the values 
+specified on the command line and the default values from the system.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>groupdel</title>
 
-<para>
-The groupdel command modifies the system account files, deleting all 
-entries that refer to group.
-</para>
+<para>The groupdel command modifies the system account files, deleting all 
+entries that refer to group.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>groupmod</title>
 
-<para>
-The groupmod command modifies the system account files to reflect the 
-changes that are specified on the command line.
-</para>
+<para>The groupmod command modifies the system account files to reflect the 
+changes that are specified on the command line.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>grpck</title>
 
-<para>
-grpck verifies the integrity of the system authentication information.
-</para>
+<para>grpck verifies the integrity of the system authentication 
+information.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>grpconv</title>
 
-<para>
-grpunconv converts to shadow group files from normal group files.
-</para>
+<para>grpunconv converts to shadow group files from normal group files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>grpunconv</title>
 
-<para>
-grpunconv converts from shadow group files to normal group files.
-</para>
+<para>grpunconv converts from shadow group files to normal group files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>logoutd</title>
 
-<para>
-logoutd enforces the login time and port restrictions specified in 
-/etc/porttime.
-</para>
+<para>logoutd enforces the login time and port restrictions specified in 
+/etc/porttime.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>mkpasswd</title>
 
-<para>
-mkpasswd reads a file in the format given by the flags and converts it 
-to the corresponding database file format.
-</para>
+<para>mkpasswd reads a file in the format given by the flags and converts it 
+to the corresponding database file format.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>newusers</title>
 
-<para>
-newusers reads a file of user name and clear text password pairs and uses 
-this information to update a group of existing users or to create new users.
-</para>
+<para>newusers reads a file of user name and clear text password pairs and uses 
+this information to update a group of existing users or to create new 
+users.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>pwck</title>
 
-<para>
-pwck verifies the integrity of the system authentication information.
-</para>
+<para>pwck verifies the integrity of the system authentication 
+information.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>pwconv</title>
 
-<para>
-pwconv converts to shadow passwd files from normal passwd files.
-</para>
+<para>pwconv converts to shadow passwd files from normal passwd 
+files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>pwunconv</title>
 
-<para>
-pwunconv converts from shadow passwd files to normal files.
-</para>
+<para>pwunconv converts from shadow passwd files to normal files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>useradd</title>
 
-<para>
-useradd creates a new user or update default new user information.
-</para>
+<para>useradd creates a new user or update default new user information.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>userdel</title>
 
-<para>
-userdel modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that 
-refer to a specified login name.
-</para>
+<para>userdel modifies the system account files, deleting all entries that 
+refer to a specified login name.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>usermod</title>
 
-<para>
-usermod modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that 
-are specified on the command line.
-</para>
+<para>usermod modifies the system account files to reflect the changes that 
+are specified on the command line.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>vipw and vigr</title>
 
-<para>
-vipw and vigr will edit the files /etc/passwd and /etc/group, 
+<para>vipw and vigr will edit the files /etc/passwd and /etc/group, 
 respectively. With the -s flag, they will edit the shadow versions of 
-those files, /etc/shadow  and /etc/gshadow,  respectively.
-</para>
+those files, /etc/shadow  and /etc/gshadow,  respectively.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/shellutils-desc.xml b/appendixa/shellutils-desc.xml
index ef29138e8..c00be7060 100644
--- a/appendixa/shellutils-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/shellutils-desc.xml
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Sh-utils package contains the basename, chroot, date, dirname,
+<para>The Sh-utils package contains the basename, chroot, date, dirname,
 echo, env, expr, factor, false, groups, hostid, hostname, id, logname,
 nice, nohup, pathchk, pinky, printenv, printf, pwd, seq, sleep, stty,
 su, tee, test, true, tty, uname, uptime, users, who, whoami and yes
-programs.
-</para>
+programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -15,286 +13,219 @@ programs.
 
 <sect3><title>basename</title>
 
-<para>
-basename strips directory and suffixes from filenames.
-</para>
+<para>basename strips directory and suffixes from filenames.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>chroot</title>
 
-<para>
-chroot runs a command or interactive shell with special root directory.
-</para>
+<para>chroot runs a command or interactive shell with special 
+root directory.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>date</title>
 
-<para>
-date displays the current time in a specified format, or sets the system 
-date.
-</para>
+<para>date displays the current time in a specified format, or sets 
+the system date.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>dirname</title>
 
-<para>
-dirname strips non-directory suffixes from file name.
-</para>
+<para>dirname strips non-directory suffixes from file name.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>echo</title>
 
-<para>
-echo displays a line of text.
-</para>
+<para>echo displays a line of text.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>env</title>
 
-<para>
-env runs a program in a modified environment.
-</para>
+<para>env runs a program in a modified environment.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>expr</title>
 
-<para>
-expr evaluates expressions.
-</para>
+<para>expr evaluates expressions.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>factor</title>
 
-<para>
-factor prints the prime factors of all specified integer numbers.
-</para>
+<para>factor prints the prime factors of all specified integer numbers.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>false</title>
 
-<para>
-false always exits with a status code indicating failure.
-</para>
+<para>false always exits with a status code indicating failure.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>groups</title>
 
-<para>
-groups prints the groups a user is in.
-</para>
+<para>groups prints the groups a user is in.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>hostid</title>
 
-<para>
-hostid prints the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) for the current 
-host.
-</para>
+<para>hostid prints the numeric identifier (in hexadecimal) for the current 
+host.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>hostname</title>
 
-<para>
-hostname sets or prints the name of the current host system
-</para>
+<para>hostname sets or prints the name of the current host system</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>id</title>
 
-<para>
-id prints the real and effective UIDs and GIDs of a user or the current
-user.
-</para>
+<para>id prints the real and effective UIDs and GIDs of a user or the current
+user.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>logname</title>
 
-<para>
-logname prints the current user's login name.
-</para>
+<para>logname prints the current user's login name.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>nice</title>
 
-<para>
-nice runs a program with modified scheduling priority.
-</para>
+<para>nice runs a program with modified scheduling priority.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>nohup</title>
 
-<para>
-nohup runs a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty
-</para>
+<para>nohup runs a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>pathchk</title>
 
-<para>
-pathchk checks whether file names are valid or portable.
-</para>
+<para>pathchk checks whether file names are valid or portable.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>pinky</title>
 
-<para>
-pinky is a lightweight finger utility which retrieves information about
-a certain user
-</para>
+<para>pinky is a lightweight finger utility which retrieves information about
+a certain user</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>printenv</title>
 
-<para>
-printenv prints all or part of the environment.
-</para>
+<para>printenv prints all or part of the environment.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>printf</title>
 
-<para>
-printf formats and print data (the same as the printf C function).
-</para>
+<para>printf formats and print data (the same as the printf C function).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>pwd</title>
 
-<para>
-pwd prints the name of the current/working directory
-</para>
+<para>pwd prints the name of the current/working directory</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>seq</title>
 
-<para>
-seq prints numbers in a certain range with a certain increment.
-</para>
+<para>seq prints numbers in a certain range with a certain increment.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>sleep</title>
 
-<para>
-sleep delays for a specified amount of time.
-</para>
+<para>sleep delays for a specified amount of time.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>stty</title>
 
-<para>
-stty changes and prints terminal line settings.
-</para>
+<para>stty changes and prints terminal line settings.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>su</title>
 
-<para>
-su runs a shell with substitute user and group IDs
-</para>
+<para>su runs a shell with substitute user and group IDs</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>tee</title>
 
-<para>
-tee reads from standard input and write to standard output and files.
-</para>
+<para>tee reads from standard input and write to standard output and 
+files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>test</title>
 
-<para>
-test checks file types and compares values.
-</para>
+<para>test checks file types and compares values.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>true</title>
 
-<para>
-True always exits with a status code indicating success.
-</para>
+<para>True always exits with a status code indicating success.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>tty</title>
 
-<para>
-tty prints the file name of the terminal connected to standard input.
-</para>
+<para>tty prints the file name of the terminal connected to standard 
+input.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>uname</title>
 
-<para>
-uname prints system information.
-</para>
+<para>uname prints system information.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>uptime</title>
 
-<para>
-uptime tells how long the system has been running.
-</para>
+<para>uptime tells how long the system has been running.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>users</title>
 
-<para>
-users prints the user names of users currently logged in to the 
-current host.
-</para>
+<para>users prints the user names of users currently logged in to the 
+current host.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>who</title>
 
-<para>
-who shows who is logged on.
-</para>
+<para>who shows who is logged on.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>whoami</title>
 
-<para>
-whoami prints the users effective userid.
-</para>
+<para>whoami prints the users effective userid.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>yes</title>
 
-<para>
-yes outputs a string repeatedly until killed.
-</para>
+<para>yes outputs a string repeatedly until killed.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/sysklogd-desc.xml b/appendixa/sysklogd-desc.xml
index b6ecc5ae3..8a942cfbc 100644
--- a/appendixa/sysklogd-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/sysklogd-desc.xml
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Sysklogd package contains the klogd and syslogd programs.
-</para>
+<para>The Sysklogd package contains the klogd and syslogd programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -11,20 +9,17 @@ The Sysklogd package contains the klogd and syslogd programs.
 
 <sect3><title>klogd</title>
 
-<para>
-klogd is a system daemon which intercepts and logs Linux kernel messages.
-</para>
+<para>klogd is a system daemon which intercepts and logs Linux kernel 
+messages.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>syslogd</title>
 
-<para>
-Syslogd provides a kind of logging that many modern programs use. Every 
+<para>Syslogd provides a kind of logging that many modern programs use. Every 
 logged message contains at least a time and a hostname field, normally a 
 program name field, too, but that depends on how trusty the logging 
-program is.
-</para>
+program is.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/sysvinit-desc.xml b/appendixa/sysvinit-desc.xml
index 0a58b2923..59964e9f7 100644
--- a/appendixa/sysvinit-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/sysvinit-desc.xml
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Sysvinit package contains the pidof, last, lastb, mesg, utmpdump,
+<para>The Sysvinit package contains the pidof, last, lastb, mesg, utmpdump,
 wall, halt, init, killall5, poweroff, reboot, runlevel, shutdown,
-sulogin and telinit programs.
-</para>
+sulogin and telinit programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -13,146 +11,117 @@ sulogin and telinit programs.
 
 <sect3><title>pidof</title>
 
-<para>
-Pidof finds the process id's (pids) of the named programs and prints
-those id's on standard output.
-</para>
+<para>Pidof finds the process id's (pids) of the named programs and prints
+those id's on standard output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>last</title>
 
-<para>
-last searches back through the file /var/log/wtmp (or the file designated 
+<para>last searches back through the file /var/log/wtmp (or the file designated 
 by the -f flag) and displays a list of all users logged in (and  out) 
-since that file was created.
-</para>
+since that file was created.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>lastb</title>
 
-<para>
-lastb is the same as last, except that by default it shows a log of the 
-file /var/log/btmp, which contains all the bad login attempts.
-
-</para>
+<para>lastb is the same as last, except that by default it shows a log of the 
+file /var/log/btmp, which contains all the bad login attempts.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>mesg</title>
 
-<para>
-Mesg controls the access to the users terminal by others. It's typically 
-used to allow or disallow other users to write to his terminal.
-</para>
+<para>Mesg controls the access to the users terminal by others. It's typically 
+used to allow or disallow other users to write to his terminal.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>utmpdump</title>
 
-<para>
-utmpdumps prints the content of a file (usually /var/run/utmp) on
-standard output in a user friendly format.
-</para>
+<para>utmpdumps prints the content of a file (usually /var/run/utmp) on
+standard output in a user friendly format.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>wall</title>
 
-<para>
-Wall sends a message to everybody logged in with their mesg permission 
-set to yes.
-</para>
+<para>Wall sends a message to everybody logged in with their mesg permission 
+set to yes.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>halt</title>
 
-<para>
-Halt notes that the system is being brought down in the file 
+<para>Halt notes that the system is being brought down in the file 
 /var/log/wtmp, and then either tells the kernel to halt, reboot or 
 poweroff the system. If halt or reboot is called when the system is not 
-in runlevel 0 or 6, shutdown will be invoked instead (with the flag -h or -r).
-</para>
+in runlevel 0 or 6, shutdown will be invoked instead (with 
+the flag -h or -r).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>init</title>
 
-<para>
-Init is the parent of all processes. Its primary role is to create 
+<para>Init is the parent of all processes. Its primary role is to create 
 processes from  a  script  stored  in  the  file /etc/inittab. This  
 file usually has entries which cause init to spawn gettys on each line that
 users can log in. It also controls autonomous processes required by any 
-particular system.
-</para>
+particular system.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>killall5</title>
 
-<para>
-killall5 is the SystemV killall command. It sends a signal to all 
+<para>killall5 is the SystemV killall command. It sends a signal to all 
 processes except the processes in its own session, so it won't kill the 
-shell that is running the script it was called from.
-</para>
+shell that is running the script it was called from.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>poweroff</title>
 
-<para>
-poweroff is equivalent to shutdown -h -p now. It halts the computer and
+<para>poweroff is equivalent to shutdown -h -p now. It halts the computer and
 switches off the computer (when using an APM compliant BIOS and APM is 
-enabled in the kernel).
-</para>
+enabled in the kernel).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>reboot</title>
 
-<para>
-reboot is equivalent to shutdown -r now. It reboots the computer.
-</para>
+<para>reboot is equivalent to shutdown -r now. It reboots the computer.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>runlevel</title>
 
-<para>
-Runlevel reads the system utmp file (typically /var/run/utmp) to locate 
+<para>Runlevel reads the system utmp file (typically /var/run/utmp) to locate 
 the runlevel record, and then prints the previous and current system 
-runlevel on its standard  output, separated by a single space.
-</para>
+runlevel on its standard  output, separated by a single space.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>shutdown</title>
 
-<para>
-shutdown brings the system down in a secure way. All logged-in users are 
-notified that the system is going down, and login is blocked.
-</para>
+<para>shutdown brings the system down in a secure way. All logged-in users are 
+notified that the system is going down, and login is blocked.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>sulogin</title>
 
-<para>
-sulogin is invoked by init when the system goes into single user mode 
+<para>sulogin is invoked by init when the system goes into single user mode 
 (this is done through an entry in /etc/inittab). Init also tries to 
-execute sulogin when it is passed the -b flag from the boot loader (eg, LILO).
-</para>
+execute sulogin when it is passed the -b flag from the boot loader 
+(eg, LILO).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>telinit</title>
 
-<para>
-telinit sends appropriate signals to init, telling it which runlevel to
-change to.
-</para>
+<para>telinit sends appropriate signals to init, telling it which runlevel to
+change to.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/tar-desc.xml b/appendixa/tar-desc.xml
index cbafddad6..259ea479f 100644
--- a/appendixa/tar-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/tar-desc.xml
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The tar package contains the tar and rmt programs.
-</para>
+<para>The tar package contains the tar and rmt programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -11,20 +9,16 @@ The tar package contains the tar and rmt programs.
 
 <sect3><title>tar</title>
 
-<para>
-tar is an archiving program designed to store and extract files from
-an archive file known as a tar file.
-</para>
+<para>tar is an archiving program designed to store and extract files from
+an archive file known as a tar file.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>rmt</title>
 
-<para>
-rmt is a program used by the remote dump and restore programs in 
+<para>rmt is a program used by the remote dump and restore programs in 
 manipulating a magnetic tape drive through an interprocess communication
-connection.
-</para>
+connection.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/texinfo-desc.xml b/appendixa/texinfo-desc.xml
index dca6f1b6c..5829a4833 100644
--- a/appendixa/texinfo-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/texinfo-desc.xml
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Texinfo package contains the info, install-info, makeinfo, texi2dvi
-and texindex programs
-</para>
+<para>The Texinfo package contains the info, install-info, makeinfo, texi2dvi
+and texindex programs</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -13,50 +11,41 @@ and texindex programs
 
 <sect3><title>info</title>
 
-<para>
-The info program reads Info documents, usually contained in the 
+<para>The info program reads Info documents, usually contained in the 
 /usr/doc/info directory. Info documents are like man(ual) pages, but
 they tend to be more in depth than just explaining the options to a
-program.
-</para>
+program.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>install-info</title>
 
-<para>
-The install-info program updates the info entries. When the info
+<para>The install-info program updates the info entries. When the info
 program is run a list with available topics (ie: available info documents) will
 be presented. The install-info program is used to maintain this list of
 available topics. If info files are removed manually, it is also necessary
 to delete the topic in the index file as well. This program is used for
-that. It also works the other way around when info documents are added.
-</para>
+that. It also works the other way around when info documents are 
+added.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>makeinfo</title>
 
-<para>
-The makeinfo program translates Texinfo source documents into various formats.
-Available formats are: info files, plain text and HTML.
-</para>
+<para>The makeinfo program translates Texinfo source documents into various 
+formats.  Available formats are: info files, plain text and HTML.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>texi2dvi</title>
 
-<para>
-The texi2dvi program prints Texinfo documents
-</para>
+<para>The texi2dvi program prints Texinfo documents</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3><title>texindex</title>
 
-<para>
-The texindex program is used to sort Texinfo index files.
-</para>
+<para>The texindex program is used to sort Texinfo index files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/textutils-desc.xml b/appendixa/textutils-desc.xml
index 750134b45..1945e2974 100644
--- a/appendixa/textutils-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/textutils-desc.xml
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Textutils package contains the cat, cksum, comm, split, cut, expand,
+<para>The Textutils package contains the cat, cksum, comm, split, cut, expand,
 fmt, fold, head, join, md5sum, nl, od, paste, pr, ptx, sort, split, sum,
-tac, tail, tr, tsort, unexpand, uniq and wc programs.
-</para>
+tac, tail, tr, tsort, unexpand, uniq and wc programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -15,246 +13,198 @@ tac, tail, tr, tsort, unexpand, uniq and wc programs.
 <sect3>
 <title>cat</title>
 
-<para>
-cat concatenates file(s) or standard input to standard output.
-</para>
+<para>cat concatenates file(s) or standard input to standard output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>cksum</title>
 
-<para>
-cksum prints CRC checksum and byte counts of each specified file.
-</para>
+<para>cksum prints CRC checksum and byte counts of each specified file.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>comm</title>
 
-<para>
-comm compares two sorted files line by line.
-</para>
+<para>comm compares two sorted files line by line.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>csplit</title>
 
-<para>
-cplit outputs pieces of a file separated  by (a) pattern(s) to files
-xx01, xx02, ..., and outputs byte counts of each piece to standard output.
-</para>
+<para>cplit outputs pieces of a file separated  by (a) pattern(s) to files
+xx01, xx02, ..., and outputs byte counts of each piece to standard 
+output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>cut</title>
 
-<para>
-cut prints selected parts of lines from specified files to standard output.
-</para>
+<para>cut prints selected parts of lines from specified files to standard 
+output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>expand</title>
 
-<para>
-expand converts  tabs in files to spaces, writing to standard output.
-</para>
+<para>expand converts  tabs in files to spaces, writing to standard 
+output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>fmt</title>
 
-<para>
-fmt reformats each paragraph in the specified file(s), writing to standard 
-output.
-</para>
+<para>fmt reformats each paragraph in the specified file(s), writing to 
+standard output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>fold</title>
 
-<para>
-fold wraps input lines in each specified file (standard input by default),
-writing to standard output.
-</para>
+<para>fold wraps input lines in each specified file (standard input by default),
+writing to standard output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>head</title>
 
-<para>
-Print first xx (10 by default) lines of each specified file to standard 
-output.
-</para>
+<para>Print first xx (10 by default) lines of each specified file to standard 
+output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>join</title>
 
-<para>
-join joins lines of two files on a common field.
-</para>
+<para>join joins lines of two files on a common field.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>md5sum</title>
 
-<para>
-md5sum prints or checks MD5 checksums.
-</para>
+<para>md5sum prints or checks MD5 checksums.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>nl</title>
 
-<para>
-nl writes each specified file to standard output, with line numbers
-added.
-</para>
+<para>nl writes each specified file to standard output, with line numbers
+added.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>od</title>
 
-<para>
-od writes an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default, of a
-specified file to standard output.
-</para>
+<para>od writes an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default, of a
+specified file to standard output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>paste</title>
 
-<para>
-paste writes lines consisting of the sequentially corresponding
-lines from each specified file, separated by TABs, to standard output.
-</para>
+<para>paste writes lines consisting of the sequentially corresponding
+lines from each specified file, separated by TABs, to standard output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>pr</title>
 
-<para>
-pr paginates or columnates files for printing.
-</para>
+<para>pr paginates or columnates files for printing.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>ptx</title>
 
-<para>
-ptx produces a permuted index of file contents.
-</para>
+<para>ptx produces a permuted index of file contents.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>sort</title>
 
-<para>
-sort writes sorted concatenation of files to standard output.
-</para>
+<para>sort writes sorted concatenation of files to standard output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>split</title>
 
-<para>
-split outputs fixed-size pieces of an input file to PREFIXaa, PREFIXab, ...
-</para>
+<para>split outputs fixed-size pieces of an input file to 
+PREFIXaa, PREFIXab, ...</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>sum</title>
 
-<para>
-sum prints checksum and block counts for each specified file.
-</para>
+<para>sum prints checksum and block counts for each specified file.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>tac</title>
 
-<para>
-tac writes each specified file to standard output, last line first.
-</para>
+<para>tac writes each specified file to standard output, last line first.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>tail</title>
 
-<para>
-tail print the last xx (10 by default) lines of each specified file to 
-standard output.
-</para>
+<para>tail print the last xx (10 by default) lines of each specified file to 
+standard output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>tr</title>
 
-<para>
-tr translates, squeezes, and/or deletes characters from standard
-input, writing to standard output.
-</para>
+<para>tr translates, squeezes, and/or deletes characters from standard
+input, writing to standard output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>tsort</title>
 
-<para>
-tsort writes totally ordered lists consistent with the partial ordering 
-in specified files.
-</para>
+<para>tsort writes totally ordered lists consistent with the partial ordering 
+in specified files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>unexpand</title>
 
-<para>
-unexpand converts spaces in each file to tabs, writing to standard
-output.
-</para>
+<para>unexpand converts spaces in each file to tabs, writing to standard
+output.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>uniq</title>
 
-<para>
-Uniq removes duplicate lines from a sorted file.
-</para>
+<para>Uniq removes duplicate lines from a sorted file.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>wc</title>
 
-<para>
-wc prints line, word, and byte counts for each specified file, and a
-total line if more than one file is specified.
-</para>
+<para>wc prints line, word, and byte counts for each specified file, and a
+total line if more than one file is specified.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/utillinux-desc.xml b/appendixa/utillinux-desc.xml
index 56fe867b8..f0e1d877e 100644
--- a/appendixa/utillinux-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/utillinux-desc.xml
@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Util-linux package contains the arch, dmesg, kill, more,
+<para>The Util-linux package contains the arch, dmesg, kill, more,
 mount, umount, agetty, blockdev, cfdisk, ctrlaltdel, elvtune, fdisk,
 fsck.minix, hwclock, kbdrate, losetup, mkfs, mkfs.bfs, mkfs.minix,
 mkswap, sfdisk, swapoff, swapon, cal, chkdupexe, col, colcrt, colrm,
 column, cytune, ddate, fdformat, getopt, hexdump, ipcrm, ipcs, logger,
 look, mcookie, namei, rename, renice, rev, script, setfdprm, setsid,
 setterm, ul, whereis, write, ramsize, rdev, readprofile, rootflags,
-swapdev, tunelp and vidmode programs.
-</para>
+swapdev, tunelp and vidmode programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -20,524 +18,415 @@ swapdev, tunelp and vidmode programs.
 <sect3>
 <title>arch</title>
 
-<para>
-arch prints the machine architecture.
-</para>
+<para>arch prints the machine architecture.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>dmesg</title>
 
-<para>
-dmesg is used to examine or control the kernel ring buffer (boot
-messages from the kernel).
-</para>
+<para>dmesg is used to examine or control the kernel ring buffer (boot
+messages from the kernel).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>kill</title>
 
-<para>
-kill sends a specified signal to the specified process.
-</para>
+<para>kill sends a specified signal to the specified process.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>more</title>
 
-<para>
-more is a filter for paging through text one screen full at a time.
-</para>
+<para>more is a filter for paging through text one screen full at a time.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>mount</title>
 
-<para>
-mount mounts a filesystem from a device to a directory (mount point).
-</para>
+<para>mount mounts a filesystem from a device to a directory (mount 
+point).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>umount</title>
 
-<para>
-umount unmounts a mounted filesystem.
-</para>
+<para>umount unmounts a mounted filesystem.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>agetty</title>
 
-<para>
-agetty opens a tty port, prompts for a login name and invokes the
-/bin/login command.
-</para>
+<para>agetty opens a tty port, prompts for a login name and invokes the
+/bin/login command.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>blockdev</title>
 
-<para>
-blockdev allows to call block device ioctls from the command line
-</para>
+<para>blockdev allows to call block device ioctls from the command 
+line</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>cfdisk</title>
 
-<para>
-cfdisk is an libncurses based disk partition table manipulator.
-</para>
+<para>cfdisk is an libncurses based disk partition table manipulator.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>ctrlaltdel</title>
 
-<para>
-ctrlaltdel sets the function of the CTRL+ALT+DEL key combination (hard
-or soft reset).
-</para>
+<para>ctrlaltdel sets the function of the CTRL+ALT+DEL key combination (hard
+or soft reset).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>elvtune</title>
 
-<para>
-elvtune allows to tune the I/O elevator per block device queue basis.
-</para>
+<para>elvtune allows to tune the I/O elevator per block device queue 
+basis.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>fdisk</title>
 
-<para>
-fdisk is a disk partition table manipulator.
-</para>
+<para>fdisk is a disk partition table manipulator.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>fsck.minix</title>
 
-<para>
-fsck.minix performs a consistency check for the Linux MINIX filesystem.
-</para>
+<para>fsck.minix performs a consistency check for the Linux MINIX 
+filesystem.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>hwclock</title>
 
-<para>
-hwclock queries and sets the hardware clock (Also called the RTC or BIOS
-clock).
-</para>
+<para>hwclock queries and sets the hardware clock (Also called the RTC or BIOS
+clock).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>kbdrate</title>
 
-<para>
-kbdrate resets the keyboard repeat rate and delay time.
-</para>
+<para>kbdrate resets the keyboard repeat rate and delay time.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>losetup</title>
 
-<para>
-losetup sets up and controls loop devices.
-</para>
+<para>losetup sets up and controls loop devices.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>mkfs</title>
 
-<para>
-mkfs builds a Linux filesystem on a device, usually a harddisk
-partition.
-</para>
+<para>mkfs builds a Linux filesystem on a device, usually a harddisk
+partition.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>mkfs.bfs</title>
 
-<para>
-mkfs.bfs creates a SCO bfs file system on a device, usually a harddisk
-partition.
-</para>
+<para>mkfs.bfs creates a SCO bfs file system on a device, usually a harddisk
+partition.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>mkfs.minix</title>
 
-<para>
-mkfs.minix creates a Linux MINIX filesystem on a device, usually a
-harddisk partition.
-</para>
+<para>mkfs.minix creates a Linux MINIX filesystem on a device, usually a
+harddisk partition.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>mkswap</title>
 
-<para>
-mkswap sets up a Linux swap area on a device or in a file.
-</para>
+<para>mkswap sets up a Linux swap area on a device or in a file.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>sfdisk</title>
 
-<para>
-sfdisk is a disk partition table manipulator.
-</para>
+<para>sfdisk is a disk partition table manipulator.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>swapoff</title>
 
-<para>
-swapoff disables devices and files for paging an swapping.
-</para>
+<para>swapoff disables devices and files for paging and swapping.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>swapon</title>
 
-<para>
-swapon enables devices and files for paging and swapping.
-</para>
+<para>swapon enables devices and files for paging and swapping.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>cal</title>
 
-<para>
-cal displays a simple calender.
-</para>
+<para>cal displays a simple calender.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>chkdupexe</title>
 
-<para>
-chkdupexe finds duplicate executables.
-</para>
+<para>chkdupexe finds duplicate executables.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>col</title>
 
-<para>
-col filters reverse line feeds from input.
-</para>
+<para>col filters reverse line feeds from input.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>colcrt</title>
 
-<para>
-colcrt filters nroff output for CRT previewing.
-</para>
+<para>colcrt filters nroff output for CRT previewing.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>colrm</title>
 
-<para>
-colrm removes columns from a file.
-</para>
+<para>colrm removes columns from a file.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>column</title>
 
-<para>
-column columnates lists.
-</para>
+<para>column columnates lists.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>cytune</title>
 
-<para>
-cytune queries and modifies the interruption threshold for the Cyclades
-driver.
-</para>
+<para>cytune queries and modifies the interruption threshold for the Cyclades
+driver.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>ddate</title>
 
-<para>
-ddate converts Gregorian dates to Discordian dates.
-</para>
+<para>ddate converts Gregorian dates to Discordian dates.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>fdformat</title>
 
-<para>
-fdformat low-level formats a floppy disk.
-</para>
+<para>fdformat low-level formats a floppy disk.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>getopt</title>
 
-<para>
-getops parses command options the same way as the getopt C command.
-</para>
+<para>getops parses command options the same way as the getopt C command.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>hexdump</title>
 
-<para>
-hexdump displays specified files, or standard input, in a user specified
-format (ascii, decimal, hexadecimal, octal).
-</para>
+<para>hexdump displays specified files, or standard input, in a user specified
+format (ascii, decimal, hexadecimal, octal).</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>ipcrm</title>
 
-<para>
-ipcrm removes a specified resource.
-</para>
+<para>ipcrm removes a specified resource.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>ipcs</title>
 
-<para>
-ipcs provides information on IPC facilities.
-</para>
+<para>ipcs provides information on IPC facilities.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>logger</title>
 
-<para>
-logger makes entries in the system log.
-</para>
+<para>logger makes entries in the system log.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>look</title>
 
-<para>
-look displays lines beginning with a given string.
-</para>
+<para>look displays lines beginning with a given string.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>mcookie</title>
 
-<para>
-mcookie generates magic cookies for xauth.
-</para>
+<para>mcookie generates magic cookies for xauth.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>namei</title>
 
-<para>
-namei follows a pathname until a terminal point is found.
-</para>
+<para>namei follows a pathname until a terminal point is found.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>rename</title>
 
-<para>
-rename renames files.
-</para>
+<para>rename renames files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>renice</title>
 
-<para>
-renice alters priority of running processes.
-</para>
+<para>renice alters priority of running processes.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>rev</title>
 
-<para>
-rev reverses lines of a file.
-</para>
+<para>rev reverses lines of a file.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>script</title>
 
-<para>
-script makes typescript of terminal session.
-</para>
+<para>script makes typescript of terminal session.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>setfdprm</title>
 
-<para>
-setfdprm sets user-provides floppy disk parameters.
-</para>
+<para>setfdprm sets user-provides floppy disk parameters.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>setsid</title>
 
-<para>
-setsid runs programs in a new session.
-</para>
+<para>setsid runs programs in a new session.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>setterm</title>
 
-<para>
-setterm sets terminal attributes.
-</para>
+<para>setterm sets terminal attributes.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>ul</title>
 
-<para>
-ul reads a file and translates occurrences of underscores to the sequence
-which indicates underlining for the terminal in use.
-</para>
+<para>ul reads a file and translates occurrences of underscores to the sequence
+which indicates underlining for the terminal in use.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>whereis</title>
 
-<para>
-whereis locates a binary, source and manual page for a command.
-</para>
+<para>whereis locates a binary, source and manual page for a command.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>write</title>
 
-<para>
-write sends a message to another user.
-</para>
+<para>write sends a message to another user.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>ramsize</title>
 
-<para>
-ramsize queries and sets RAM disk size.
-</para>
+<para>ramsize queries and sets RAM disk size.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>rdev</title>
 
-<para>
-rdev queries and sets image root device, swap device, RAM disk size, or
-video mode.
-</para>
+<para>rdev queries and sets image root device, swap device, RAM disk size, or
+video mode.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>readprofile</title>
 
-<para>
-readprofile reads kernel profiling information.
-</para>
+<para>readprofile reads kernel profiling information.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>rootflags</title>
 
-<para>
-rootflags queries and sets extra information used when mounting root.
-</para>
+<para>rootflags queries and sets extra information used when mounting 
+root.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>swapdev</title>
 
-<para>
-swapdev queries and sets swap device.
-</para>
+<para>swapdev queries and sets swap device.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>tunelp</title>
 
-<para>
-tunelp sets various parameters for the LP device.
-</para>
+<para>tunelp sets various parameters for the LP device.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>vidmode</title>
 
-<para>
-vidmode queries and sets the video mode.
-</para>
+<para>vidmode queries and sets the video mode.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
diff --git a/appendixa/vim-desc.xml b/appendixa/vim-desc.xml
index 9aa6c298d..c60274b7a 100644
--- a/appendixa/vim-desc.xml
+++ b/appendixa/vim-desc.xml
@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
 <sect2>
 <title>Contents</title>
 
-<para>
-The Vim package contains the ctags, etags, ex, gview, gvim, rgview,
-rgvim, rview, rvim, view, vim, vimtutor and xxd programs.
-</para>
+<para>The Vim package contains the ctags, etags, ex, gview, gvim, rgview,
+rgvim, rview, rvim, view, vim, vimtutor and xxd programs.</para>
 
 </sect2>
 
@@ -14,121 +12,95 @@ rgvim, rview, rvim, view, vim, vimtutor and xxd programs.
 <sect3>
 <title>ctags</title>
 
-<para>
-ctags generate tag files for source code.
-</para>
+<para>ctags generate tag files for source code.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>etags</title>
 
-<para>
-etags does the same as ctags but it can generate cross reference files
+<para>etags does the same as ctags but it can generate cross reference files
 which list information about the various source objects found in a set
-of language files.
-</para>
+of language files.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>ex</title>
 
-<para>
-ex starts vim in Ex mode.
-</para>
+<para>ex starts vim in Ex mode.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>gview</title>
 
-<para>
-gview is the GUI version of view.
-</para>
+<para>gview is the GUI version of view.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>gvim</title>
 
-<para>
-gvim is the GUI version of vim.
-</para>
+<para>gvim is the GUI version of vim.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>rgview</title>
 
-<para>
-rgview is the GUI version of rview.
-</para>
+<para>rgview is the GUI version of rview.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>rgvim</title>
 
-<para>
-rgvim is the GUI version of rvim.
-</para>
+<para>rgvim is the GUI version of rvim.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>rview</title>
 
-<para>
-rview is a restricted version of view. No shell commands can be started
-and Vim can't be suspended.
-</para>
+<para>rview is a restricted version of view. No shell commands can be started
+and Vim can't be suspended.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>rvim</title>
 
-<para>
-rvim is the restricted version of vim. No shell commands can be started
-and Vim can't be suspended.
-</para>
+<para>rvim is the restricted version of vim. No shell commands can be started
+and Vim can't be suspended.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>view</title>
 
-<para>
-view starts vim in read-only mode.
-</para>
+<para>view starts vim in read-only mode.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>vim</title>
 
-<para>
-vim starts vim in the normal, default way.
-</para>
+<para>vim starts vim in the normal, default way.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>vimtutor</title>
 
-<para>
-vimtutor starts the Vim tutor.
-</para>
+<para>vimtutor starts the Vim tutor.</para>
 
 </sect3>
 
 <sect3>
 <title>xxd</title>
 
-<para>
-xxd makes a hexdump or does the reverse.
-</para>
+<para>xxd makes a hexdump or does the reverse.</para>
 
 </sect3>