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authorBruce Dubbs <bdubbs@linuxfromscratch.org>2014-04-03 21:52:09 +0000
committerBruce Dubbs <bdubbs@linuxfromscratch.org>2014-04-03 21:52:09 +0000
commitcba2d4e6aa081fdf62e527d28eba137eb885f0cc (patch)
treeeee1c3ef6d42101635b135289262eb1386cf87a0 /chapter06
parent008436e04cb47fbba28ab083cf4ef9339699b5fd (diff)
Added systemd and dbus to the book.
Set up systemd and System V side-by-side with the ability to reboot to either system. git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@10520 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
Diffstat (limited to 'chapter06')
-rw-r--r--chapter06/chapter06.xml10
-rw-r--r--chapter06/dbus.xml186
-rw-r--r--chapter06/systemd.xml606
-rw-r--r--chapter06/sysvinit-header.xml15
-rw-r--r--chapter06/sysvinit.xml36
5 files changed, 717 insertions, 136 deletions
diff --git a/chapter06/chapter06.xml b/chapter06/chapter06.xml
index 51d5a932f..a7e866f75 100644
--- a/chapter06/chapter06.xml
+++ b/chapter06/chapter06.xml
@@ -84,14 +84,14 @@
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="patch.xml"/>
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="sysklogd.xml"/>
-
- <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="sysvinit-header.xml"/>
-
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="sysvinit.xml"/>
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="tar.xml"/>
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="texinfo.xml"/>
- <!--<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="systemd.xml"/>-->
- <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="eudev.xml"/>
+
+ <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="systemd.xml"/>
+ <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="dbus.xml"/>
+
+ <!--<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="eudev.xml"/>-->
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="util-linux.xml"/>
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="man-db.xml"/>
<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" href="vim.xml"/>
diff --git a/chapter06/dbus.xml b/chapter06/dbus.xml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..476baf41d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chapter06/dbus.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
+ "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
+ <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
+ %general-entities;
+]>
+
+<sect1 id="ch-system-dbus" role="wrap">
+ <?dbhtml filename="dbus.html"?>
+
+ <sect1info condition="script">
+ <productname>dbus</productname>
+ <productnumber>&dbus-version;</productnumber>
+ <address>&dbus-url;</address>
+ </sect1info>
+
+ <title>D-Bus-&dbus-version;</title>
+
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-dbus">
+ <primary sortas="a-dbus">D-Bus</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+
+ <sect2 role="package">
+ <title/>
+
+ <para>D-Bus is a message bus system, a simple way for applications to talk
+ to one another. D-Bus supplies both a system daemon (for events such as
+ "new hardware device added" or "printer queue changed") and a
+ per-user-login-session daemon (for general IPC needs among user
+ applications). Also, the message bus is built on top of a general one-to-one
+ message passing framework, which can be used by any two applications to
+ communicate directly (without going through the message bus daemon).</para>
+
+ <segmentedlist>
+ <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
+ <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
+
+ <seglistitem>
+ <seg>&dbus-ch6-sbu;</seg>
+ <seg>&dbus-ch6-du;</seg>
+ </seglistitem>
+ </segmentedlist>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 role="installation">
+ <title>Installation of D-Bus</title>
+
+ <para>Prepare D-Bus for compilation:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr \
+ --sysconfdir=/etc \
+ --localstatedir=/var \
+ --docdir=/usr/share/doc/dbus-&dbus-version; \
+ --with-console-auth-dir=/run/console</userinput></screen>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><parameter>--with-console-auth-dir=/run/console</parameter></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>This specifies the location of the ConsoleKit auth
+ directory.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ </variablelist>
+
+ <para>Compile the package:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>This package does come with a testsuite, but it requires several
+ packages that are not included in LFS. Instructions for running the
+ testsuite can be found in the BLFS book at
+ <ulink url="&blfs-root;/view/svn/general/dbus.html"/>.</para>
+
+ <para>Install the package:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>The shared library needs to be moved to
+ <filename class="directory">/lib</filename>, and as a result the
+ <filename class="extension">.so</filename> file in
+ <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> will need to be recreated:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/lib/libdbus-1.so.* /lib
+ln -sfv ../../lib/$(readlink /usr/lib/libdbus-1.so) /usr/lib/libdbus-1.so</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>Create a symlink, so that D-Bus and Systemd can use the same
+ <filename>machine-id</filename> file:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput remap="install">ln -sv /etc/machine-id /var/lib/dbus</userinput></screen>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2 id="contents-dbus" role="content">
+ <title>Contents of D-Bus</title>
+
+ <segmentedlist>
+ <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
+ <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
+ <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
+
+ <seglistitem>
+ <seg>dbus-cleanup-sockets, dbus-daemon, dbus-launch, dbus-monitor,
+ dbus-send, and dbus-uuidgen</seg>
+ <seg>libdbus-1.{a,so}</seg>
+ <seg>/etc/dbus-1, /usr/include/dbus-1.0, /usr/lib/dbus-1.0,
+ /usr/share/dbus-1, /usr/share/doc/dbus-&dbus-version;,
+ /var/lib/dbus</seg>
+ </seglistitem>
+ </segmentedlist>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
+ <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
+ <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
+
+ <varlistentry id="dbus-cleanup-sockets">
+ <term><command>dbus-cleanup-sockets</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Used to clean up leftover sockets in a directory.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-dbus dbus-cleanup-sockets">
+ <primary sortas="b-dbus-cleanup-sockets">dbus-cleanup-sockets</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="dbus-daemon">
+ <term><command>dbus-daemon</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The D-Bus message bus daemon.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-dbus dbus-daemon">
+ <primary sortas="b-dbus-daemon">dbus-daemon</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="dbus-launch">
+ <term><command>dbus-launch</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Starts <command>dbus-daemon</command> from a shell
+ script.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-dbus dbus-launch">
+ <primary sortas="b-dbus-launch">dbus-launch</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="dbus-monitor">
+ <term><command>dbus-monitor</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Monitors messages passing through a D-Bus message bus.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-dbus dbus-monitor">
+ <primary sortas="b-dbus-monitor">dbus-monitor</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="dbus-send">
+ <term><command>dbus-send</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Sends a message to a D-Bus message bus.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-dbus dbus-send">
+ <primary sortas="b-dbus-send">dbus-send</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="dbus-uuidgen">
+ <term><command>dbus-uuidgen</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Generates a universally unique ID.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-dbus dbus-uuidgen">
+ <primary sortas="b-dbus-uuidgen">dbus-uuidgen</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ </variablelist>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+</sect1>
diff --git a/chapter06/systemd.xml b/chapter06/systemd.xml
index 23314e563..8e669f1d2 100644
--- a/chapter06/systemd.xml
+++ b/chapter06/systemd.xml
@@ -5,28 +5,26 @@
%general-entities;
]>
-<sect1 id="ch-system-udev" role="wrap">
- <?dbhtml filename="udev.html"?>
+<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap">
+ <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
<sect1info condition="script">
- <productname>udev</productname>
+ <productname>systemd</productname>
<productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
<address>&systemd-url;</address>
</sect1info>
- <title>Udev-&systemd-version; (Extracted from systemd-&systemd-version;)</title>
+ <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev">
- <primary sortas="a-Udev">Udev</primary>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
+ <primary sortas="a-Systemd">Systemd</primary>
</indexterm>
<sect2 role="package">
<title/>
- <para>The Udev package contains programs for dynamic creation of device
- nodes. The development of udev has been merged with systemd, but
- most of systemd is incompatible with LFS. Here we build and install just
- the needed udev files.</para>
+ <para>The Systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
+ running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
<segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
@@ -40,63 +38,155 @@
</sect2>
<sect2 role="installation">
- <title>Installation of Udev</title>
+ <title>Installation of Systemd</title>
- <note><para>This package is a little different from other packages. The
- initial package that is extracted is
- <filename>systemd-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</filename> even though the
- application we are installing is udev. After changing to the
- systemd directory, follow the instructions below.</para></note>
+ <para>First, create a file to allow Systemd to build when using Util-Linux
+ built in Chapter 5:</para>
- <para>The udev-lfs tarball contains LFS-specific files used to build
- Udev. Unpack it into the systemd source directory:</para>
+<screen><userinput remap="pre">cat &gt; config.cache &lt;&lt; "EOF"
+<literal>KILL=/bin/kill
+HAVE_BLKID=1
+BLKID_LIBS="-lblkid"
+BLKID_CFLAGS="-I/tools/include/blkid"</literal>
+EOF</userinput></screen>
-<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xvf ../&udev-lfs;.tar.bz2</userinput></screen>
+ <para>Aditionally, fix a build error when using Util-Linux built in
+ Chapter 5:</para>
- <para>Create two symbolic links to header files and set an
- environment variable to properly use <xref linkend="ch-tools-util-linux"/>.</para>
+<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i "s:blkid/::" $(grep -rl "blkid/blkid.h")</userinput></screen>
-<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -svf /tools/include/blkid /usr/include
-ln -svf /tools/include/uuid /usr/include
-export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib</userinput></screen>
+ <para>Apply a patch so that compat <command>pkg-config</command> files get
+ installed without installing compat libs which are useless on LFS:</para>
- <para>Build the package:</para>
+<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&systemd-compat-patch;</userinput></screen>
-<screen><userinput remap="make">make -f &udev-lfs;/Makefile.lfs</userinput></screen>
+ <para>Prepare Systemd for compilation:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr \
+ --sysconfdir=/etc \
+ --localstatedir=/var \
+ --config-cache \
+ --with-rootprefix= \
+ --with-rootlibdir=/lib \
+ --enable-split-usr \
+ --disable-gudev \
+ --without-python \
+ --docdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
+ --with-dbuspolicydir=/etc/dbus-1/system.d \
+ --with-dbusinterfacedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/interfaces \
+ --with-dbussessionservicedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/services \
+ --with-dbussystemservicedir=/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services</userinput></screen>
+
+ <variablelist>
+ <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><parameter>--config-cache</parameter></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>This switch tells the build system to use
+ the <filename>config.cache</filename> file which
+ was created earlier.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><parameter>--with-root*</parameter></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
+ shared libraries are installed in the subdirectories
+ of the root partition.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><parameter>--enable-split-usr</parameter></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>This switch ensures that Systemd will work on
+ systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
+ symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><parameter>--disable-gudev --without-python</parameter></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>These switches disable optional features because
+ LFS does not provide their dependencies.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><parameter>--with-dbus*</parameter></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>These switches ensure that D-Bus configuratil files
+ get installed in the correct locations.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ </variablelist>
+
+ <para>Compile the package:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput remap="make">make LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>First prevent few broken test cases from running:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput remap="test">sed -e "s:test/udev-test.pl::g" \
+ -e "s:test-bus-cleanup\$(EXEEXT) ::g" \
+ -e "s:test-bus-gvariant\$(EXEEXT) ::g" \
+ -i Makefile</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>To test the results, issue:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput remap="test">make -k check</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>Note that some tests might fail because the test are being run in a
+ chroot environment. For full test coverage, the test suite should be run
+ from a system booted using Systemd.</para>
<para>Install the package:</para>
-<screen><userinput remap="install">make -f &udev-lfs;/Makefile.lfs install</userinput></screen>
+<screen><userinput remap="install">make LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tools/lib install</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>Move NSS myhostname library to <filename
+ class="directory">/lib</filename>:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput remap="install">mv -v /usr/lib/libnss_myhostname.so.2 /lib</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>Remove an unnecessary directory:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rfv /usr/lib/rpm</userinput></screen>
- <caution><para>There are several places within the
- <application>systemd</application> source code that have explicit directory
- paths embedded. For instance, the binary version of the hardware
- database's path and file name used at run time,
- <filename>/etc/udev/hwdb.bin</filename>, cannot be changed without explicit
- changes to the source code.</para></caution>
+ <para>Create the Sysvinit compatibility symlinks, and move some man pages
+ and a library that conflict with <xref linkend="ch-system-sysvinit"/> so
+ both systems can be installed side-by-side:</para>
- <para>Now initialize the hardware database:</para>
+<screen><userinput remap="install">for tool in runlevel reboot shutdown poweroff halt telinit; do
+ ln -sfv ../bin/systemctl /sbin/${tool}-systemd
+ mv -v /usr/share/man/man8/${tool}.8 /usr/share/man/man8/${tool}-systemd.8
+done
-<screen><userinput remap="install">build/udevadm hwdb --update</userinput></screen>
+ln -sfv ../lib/systemd/systemd /sbin/init-systemd
+mv -v /etc/init.d /etc/init.d-systemd</userinput></screen>
- <para>Finally set up the persistent network udev rules. This task will be
- explained in detail in <xref linkend='stable-net-names'/>. Note that the
- <filename class='directory'>/sys</filename> and <filename
- class='directory'>/proc</filename> filesystems must be mounted in the
- chroot environment as explained at the beginning of this chapter for the
- following script to work.</para>
+ <para>Remove a reference to a non-existent group:</para>
-<screen><userinput remap="install">bash &udev-lfs;/init-net-rules.sh</userinput></screen>
+<screen><userinput remap="install">sed -i "s:0775 root lock:0755 root root:g" /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/legacy.conf</userinput></screen>
- <para>Do some cleanup:</para>
+ <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
+ Journald:</para>
-<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -fv /usr/include/{uuid,blkid}
-unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH</userinput></screen>
+<screen><userinput remap="install">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
+
+ <para>Finally install some LFS specific udev rules:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../&udev-lfs-version;.tar.bz2
+make -f &udev-lfs-version;/Makefile.lfs install</userinput></screen>
</sect2>
- <sect2 id="contents-udev" role="content">
- <title>Contents of Udev</title>
+ <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
+ <title>Contents of Systemd</title>
<segmentedlist>
<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
@@ -104,12 +194,22 @@ unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH</userinput></screen>
<segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
<seglistitem>
- <seg>accelerometer, ata_id, cdrom_id, collect, mtd_probe,
- scsi_id, v4l_id, udevadm, and udevd</seg>
-
- <seg>libudev.so</seg>
-
- <seg>/etc/udev, /lib/udev, /lib/firmware, /usr/share/doc/udev</seg>
+ <seg>bootctl, busctl, halt, hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install,
+ localectl, loginctl, machinectl, poweroff, reboot, runlevel, shutdown,
+ systemctl, systemd-analyze, systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls,
+ systemd-cgtop, systemd-coredumpctl, systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
+ systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn,
+ systemd-run, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
+ telinit, timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
+
+ <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libsystemd.so, libudev.so</seg>
+ <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
+ /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
+ /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
+ /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
+ /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
+ /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/systemd,
+ /var/lib/systemd, /var/log/journal</seg>
</seglistitem>
</segmentedlist>
@@ -118,48 +218,363 @@ unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH</userinput></screen>
<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
- <varlistentry id="ata_id">
- <term><command>ata_id</command></term>
+ <varlistentry id="bootctl">
+ <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to query the firmware and boot manager settings.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
+ <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="busctl">
+ <term><command>busctl</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
+ <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="halt">
+ <term><command>halt</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
+ <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
+ then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
+ file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
+ brought down.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
+ <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
+ <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to query and change the system hostname and related
+ settings.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
+ <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="init">
+ <term><command>init</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
+ the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
+ proceses it is instructed to.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
+ <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="journalctl">
+ <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to query the contents of the Systemd Journal.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
+ <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
+ <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
+ from /boot.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
+ <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="localectl">
+ <term><command>localectl</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
+ settings.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
+ <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="loginctl">
+ <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to introspect and control the state of the Systemd Login
+ Manager.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
+ <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="machinectl">
+ <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to introspect and control the state of the Systemd Virtual
+ Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
+ <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="poweroff">
+ <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
+ (see <command>halt</command>).</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
+ <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="reboot">
+ <term><command>reboot</command></term>
<listitem>
- <para>Provides Udev with a unique string and
- additional information (uuid, label) for an ATA drive</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev ata_id">
- <primary sortas="b-ata_id">ata_id</primary>
+ <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
+ <command>halt</command>).</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
+ <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="cdrom_id">
- <term><command>cdrom_id</command></term>
+ <varlistentry id="runlevel">
+ <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
<listitem>
- <para>Provides Udev with the capabilities of a
- CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev cdrom_id">
- <primary sortas="b-cdrom_id">cdrom_id</primary>
+ <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
+ last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename>.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
+ <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="collect">
- <term><command>collect</command></term>
+ <varlistentry id="shutdown">
+ <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
<listitem>
- <para>Given an ID for the current uevent and a list of
- IDs (for all target uevents), registers the current ID
- and indicates whether all target IDs have been registered</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev collect">
- <primary sortas="b-collect">collect</primary>
+ <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
+ and notifying all logged-in users.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
+ <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="scsi_id">
- <term><command>scsi_id</command></term>
+ <varlistentry id="systemctl">
+ <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
<listitem>
- <para>Provides Udev with a unique SCSI identifier
- based on the data returned from sending a SCSI INQUIRY command to
- the specified device</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev scsi_id">
- <primary sortas="b-scsi_id">scsi_id</primary>
+ <para>used to introspect and control the state of the Systemd system and
+ service manager.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
+ <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to determine system boot-up performance of the current boot.
+ </para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
+ <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to query a system password or passphrase from the user, using a
+ question message specified on the command line.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
+ <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to connect STDOUT and STDERR of a process with the Journal.
+ </para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
+ <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control group
+ hierarchy in a tree.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
+ <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group hierarchy,
+ ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-coredumpctl">
+ <term><command>systemd-coredumpctl</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to retrieve coredumps from the Systemd Journal</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-coredumpctl">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-coredumpctl">systemd-coredumpctl</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
+ <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to identify and compare configuration files in
+ <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
+ counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
+ <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>detects execution in a virtualized environment.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
+ <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle inhibitor lock
+ taken.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
+ <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID stored in
+ <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a randomly
+ generated ID.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
+ <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status changes.
+ </para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
+ <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace container.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
+ <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope unit and
+ run the specified command in it.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+<!-- <varlistentry id="systemd-stdio-bridge">
+ <term><command>systemd-stdio-bridge</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>To be completed</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-stdio-bridge">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-stdio-bridge">systemd-stdio-bridge</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry> -->
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
+ <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and directories,
+ based on the configuration file format and location specified in
+ <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
+ <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to list or process pending Systemd password requests</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
+ <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="telinit">
+ <term><command>telinit</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
+ <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
+ <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>used to query and change the system clock and its settings.
+ </para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
+ <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -167,24 +582,22 @@ unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH</userinput></screen>
<varlistentry id="udevadm">
<term><command>udevadm</command></term>
<listitem>
- <para>Generic udev administration tool: controls the udevd daemon,
+ <para>Generic Udev administration tool: controls the udevd daemon,
provides info from the Udev database, monitors uevents, waits for
uevents to finish, tests Udev configuration, and triggers uevents
- for a given device</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev udevadm">
+ for a given device.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
<primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="udevd">
- <term><command>udevd</command></term>
+ <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
+ <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
<listitem>
- <para>A daemon that listens for uevents on the netlink socket,
- creates devices and runs the configured external programs in
- response to these uevents</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev udevd">
- <primary sortas="b-udevd">udevd</primary>
+ <para>Systemd utility library.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
+ <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
@@ -192,24 +605,13 @@ unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH</userinput></screen>
<varlistentry id="libudev">
<term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
<listitem>
- <para>A library interface to udev device information</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev libudev">
+ <para>A library to access Udev device information.</para>
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
<primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="etc-udev">
- <term><filename class="directory">/etc/udev</filename></term>
- <listitem>
- <para>Contains Udev configuration files,
- device permissions, and rules for device naming</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-udev etc-udev">
- <primary sortas="e-/etc/udev">/etc/udev</primary>
- </indexterm>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
</variablelist>
</sect2>
diff --git a/chapter06/sysvinit-header.xml b/chapter06/sysvinit-header.xml
deleted file mode 100644
index e42fad79e..000000000
--- a/chapter06/sysvinit-header.xml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
-<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
- "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd">
-
-<sect1 role="dummy">
-
- <sect1info>
- <othername>$LastChangedBy$</othername>
- <date>$Date$</date>
- </sect1info>
-
- <title>System V</title>
- <para/>
-</sect1>
-
diff --git a/chapter06/sysvinit.xml b/chapter06/sysvinit.xml
index b1fac46db..c77f77ca1 100644
--- a/chapter06/sysvinit.xml
+++ b/chapter06/sysvinit.xml
@@ -82,6 +82,14 @@
<screen><userinput remap="install">make -C src install</userinput></screen>
+ <para>Move files that have a name conflict with <xref linkend="ch-system-systemd"/>
+ so that both packages can be installed side-by-side:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput remap="install">for p in init halt poweroff reboot runlevel shutdown telinit; do
+ mv -v /sbin/$p /sbin/$p-sysv
+ mv -v /usr/share/man/man8/$p.8 /usr/share/man/man8/$p-sysv.8
+done</userinput></screen>
+
</sect2>
<sect2 id="contents-sysvinit" role="content">
@@ -122,7 +130,7 @@
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="halt">
+ <varlistentry id="halt-sysv">
<term><command>halt</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
@@ -130,19 +138,19 @@
then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
brought down</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit halt">
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit halt-sysv">
<primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="init">
+ <varlistentry id="init-sysv">
<term><command>init</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
proceses it is instructed to</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit init">
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit init-sysv">
<primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>
@@ -160,55 +168,55 @@
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="poweroff">
+ <varlistentry id="poweroff-sysv">
<term><command>poweroff</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
(see <command>halt</command>)</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit poweroff">
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit poweroff-sysv">
<primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="reboot">
+ <varlistentry id="reboot-sysv">
<term><command>reboot</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
<command>halt</command>)</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit reboot">
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit reboot-sysv">
<primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="runlevel">
+ <varlistentry id="runlevel-sysv">
<term><command>runlevel</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit runlevel">
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit runlevel-sysv">
<primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="shutdown">
+ <varlistentry id="shutdown-sysv">
<term><command>shutdown</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
and notifying all logged-in users</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit shutdown">
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit shutdown-sysv">
<primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
- <varlistentry id="telinit">
+ <varlistentry id="telinit-sysv">
<term><command>telinit</command></term>
<listitem>
<para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to</para>
- <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit telinit">
+ <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit telinit-sysv">
<primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
</indexterm>
</listitem>