Initial commit of alternative cross LFS

git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/cross2@11897 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

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-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
-<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
-  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
-  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
-  %general-entities;
-]>
-
-<sect1 id="ch-config-profile" revision="sysv">
-  <?dbhtml filename="profile.html"?>
-
-  <title>The Bash Shell Startup Files</title>
-
-  <indexterm zone="ch-config-profile">
-    <primary sortas="e-/etc/profile">/etc/profile</primary>
-  </indexterm>
-
-  <para>The shell program <command>/bin/bash</command> (hereafter referred to
-  as <quote>the shell</quote>) uses a collection of startup files to help
-  create an environment to run in. Each file has a specific use and may affect
-  login and interactive environments differently. The files in the <filename
-  class="directory">/etc</filename> directory provide global settings. If an
-  equivalent file exists in the home directory, it may override the global
-  settings.</para>
-
-  <para>An interactive login shell is started after a successful login, using
-  <command>/bin/login</command>, by reading the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>
-  file. An interactive non-login shell is started at the command-line (e.g.,
-  <prompt>[prompt]$</prompt><command>/bin/bash</command>). A non-interactive
-  shell is usually present when a shell script is running. It is non-interactive
-  because it is processing a script and not waiting for user input between
-  commands.</para>
-
-  <para>For more information, see <command>info bash</command> under the
-  <emphasis>Bash Startup Files and Interactive Shells</emphasis> section.</para>
-
-  <para>The files <filename>/etc/profile</filename> and
-  <filename>~/.bash_profile</filename> are read when the shell is
-  invoked as an interactive login shell.</para>
-
-  <para>The base <filename>/etc/profile</filename> below sets some
-  environment variables necessary for native language support. Setting
-  them properly results in:</para>
-
-  <itemizedlist>
-    <listitem>
-      <para>The output of programs translated into the native language</para>
-    </listitem>
-    <listitem>
-      <para>Correct classification of characters into letters, digits and other
-      classes. This is necessary for <command>bash</command> to properly accept
-      non-ASCII characters in command lines in non-English locales</para>
-    </listitem>
-    <listitem>
-      <para>The correct alphabetical sorting order for the country</para>
-    </listitem>
-    <listitem>
-      <para>Appropriate default paper size</para>
-    </listitem>
-    <listitem>
-      <para>Correct formatting of monetary, time, and date values</para>
-    </listitem>
-  </itemizedlist>
-
-  <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;ll&gt;</replaceable> below with the two-letter code
-  for the desired language (e.g., <quote>en</quote>) and
-  <replaceable>&lt;CC&gt;</replaceable> with the two-letter code for the appropriate
-  country (e.g., <quote>GB</quote>). <replaceable>&lt;charmap&gt;</replaceable> should
-  be replaced with the canonical charmap for your chosen locale. Optional
-  modifiers such as <quote>@euro</quote> may also be present.</para>
-
-  <para>The list of all locales supported by Glibc can be obtained by running
-  the following command:</para>
-
-<screen role="nodump"><userinput>locale -a</userinput></screen>
-
-  <para>Charmaps can have a number of aliases, e.g., <quote>ISO-8859-1</quote>
-  is also referred to as <quote>iso8859-1</quote> and <quote>iso88591</quote>.
-  Some applications cannot handle the various synonyms correctly (e.g., require
-  that <quote>UTF-8</quote> is written as <quote>UTF-8</quote>, not
-  <quote>utf8</quote>), so it is safest in most
-  cases to choose the canonical name for a particular locale. To determine
-  the canonical name, run the following command, where <replaceable>&lt;locale
-  name&gt;</replaceable> is the output given by <command>locale -a</command> for
-  your preferred locale (<quote>en_GB.iso88591</quote> in our example).</para>
-
-<screen role="nodump"><userinput>LC_ALL=<replaceable>&lt;locale name&gt;</replaceable> locale charmap</userinput></screen>
-
-  <para>For the <quote>en_GB.iso88591</quote> locale, the above command
-  will print:</para>
-
-<screen><computeroutput>ISO-8859-1</computeroutput></screen>
-
-  <para>This results in a final locale setting of <quote>en_GB.ISO-8859-1</quote>.
-  It is important that the locale found using the heuristic above is tested prior
-  to it being added to the Bash startup files:</para>
-
-<screen role="nodump"><userinput>LC_ALL=&lt;locale name&gt; locale language
-LC_ALL=&lt;locale name&gt; locale charmap
-LC_ALL=&lt;locale name&gt; locale int_curr_symbol
-LC_ALL=&lt;locale name&gt; locale int_prefix</userinput></screen>
-
-  <para>The above commands should print the language name, the character
-  encoding used by the locale, the local currency, and the prefix to dial
-  before the telephone number in order to get into the country. If any of the
-  commands above fail with a message similar to the one shown below, this means
-  that your locale was either not installed in Chapter&nbsp;6 or is not supported by
-  the default installation of Glibc.</para>
-
-<screen><computeroutput>locale: Cannot set LC_* to default locale: No such file or directory</computeroutput></screen>
-
-  <para>If this happens, you should either install the desired locale using the
-  <command>localedef</command> command, or consider choosing a different locale.
-  Further instructions assume that there are no such error messages from
-  Glibc.</para>
-
-  <!-- FIXME: the xlib example will became obsolete real soon -->
-  <para>Some packages beyond LFS may also lack support for your chosen locale. One
-  example is the X library (part of the X Window System), which outputs the
-  following error message if the locale does not exactly match one of the character
-  map names in its internal files:</para>
-
-<screen><computeroutput>Warning: locale not supported by Xlib, locale set to C</computeroutput></screen>
-
-  <para>In several cases Xlib expects that the character map will be listed in
-  uppercase notation with canonical dashes. For instance, "ISO-8859-1" rather
-  than "iso88591". It is also  possible to find an appropriate specification by
-  removing the charmap part of the locale specification.  This can be checked
-  by running the <command>locale charmap</command> command in both locales.
-  For example, one would have to change "de_DE.ISO-8859-15@euro" to
-  "de_DE@euro" in order to get this locale recognized by Xlib.</para>
-
-  <para>Other packages can also function incorrectly (but may not necessarily
-  display any error messages) if the locale name does not meet their expectations.
-  In those cases, investigating how other Linux distributions support your locale
-  might provide some useful information.</para>
-
-  <para>Once the proper locale settings have been determined, create the
-  <filename>/etc/profile</filename> file:</para>
-
-<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/profile &lt;&lt; "EOF"
-<literal># Begin /etc/profile
-
-export LANG=<replaceable>&lt;ll&gt;_&lt;CC&gt;.&lt;charmap&gt;&lt;@modifiers&gt;</replaceable>
-
-# End /etc/profile</literal>
-EOF</userinput></screen>
-
-  <para>The <quote>C</quote> (default) and <quote>en_US</quote> (the recommended
-  one for United States English users) locales are different. <quote>C</quote>
-  uses the US-ASCII 7-bit character set, and treats bytes with the high bit set
-  as invalid characters. That's why, e.g., the <command>ls</command> command
-  substitutes them with question marks in that locale. Also, an attempt to send
-  mail with such characters from Mutt or Pine results in non-RFC-conforming
-  messages being sent (the charset in the outgoing mail is indicated as <quote>unknown
-  8-bit</quote>). So you can use the <quote>C</quote> locale only if you are sure that
-  you will never need 8-bit characters.</para>
-
-  <para>UTF-8 based locales are not supported well by some programs.
-  Work is in progress to document and, if possible, fix such problems, see
-  <ulink url="&blfs-book;introduction/locale-issues.html"/>.</para>
-
-</sect1>