diff options
author | Manuel Canales Esparcia <manuel@linuxfromscratch.org> | 2005-12-18 18:31:04 +0000 |
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committer | Manuel Canales Esparcia <manuel@linuxfromscratch.org> | 2005-12-18 18:31:04 +0000 |
commit | d781ffbe09451f0cce880a010b2d8f5f09047f6f (patch) | |
tree | d621d28ecb9b6a03e2368f745aa6d47abbfa4b77 /chapter07/usage.xml | |
parent | b78c7479d4b642d7aea70144b1fbd6cffe26dea3 (diff) |
Chapter07 indentation.
git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@7230 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
Diffstat (limited to 'chapter07/usage.xml')
-rw-r--r-- | chapter07/usage.xml | 212 |
1 files changed, 113 insertions, 99 deletions
diff --git a/chapter07/usage.xml b/chapter07/usage.xml index 4ff169ee8..991cf55dc 100644 --- a/chapter07/usage.xml +++ b/chapter07/usage.xml @@ -1,29 +1,33 @@ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> -<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ +<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> %general-entities; ]> + <sect1 id="ch-scripts-usage"> -<title>How Do These Bootscripts Work?</title> -<?dbhtml filename="usage.html"?> - -<indexterm zone="ch-scripts-usage"> -<primary sortas="a-Bootscripts">Bootscripts</primary> -<secondary>usage</secondary></indexterm> - -<para>Linux uses a special booting facility named SysVinit that is based on a -concept of <emphasis>run-levels</emphasis>. It can be quite different from one -system to another, so it cannot be assumed that because things worked in one -particular Linux distribution, they should work the same in LFS too. LFS has its -own way of doing things, but it respects generally accepted standards.</para> - -<para>SysVinit (which will be referred to as <quote>init</quote> from now on) -works using a run-levels scheme. There are seven (numbered 0 to 6) run-levels -(actually, there are more run-levels, but they are for special cases and are -generally not used. See <filename>init(8)</filename> for more details), and each one -of those corresponds to the actions the computer is supposed to perform when it -starts up. The default run-level is 3. Here are the descriptions of the -different run-levels as they are implemented:</para> + <?dbhtml filename="usage.html"?> + + <title>How Do These Bootscripts Work?</title> + + <indexterm zone="ch-scripts-usage"> + <primary sortas="a-Bootscripts">Bootscripts</primary> + <secondary>usage</secondary> + </indexterm> + + <para>Linux uses a special booting facility named SysVinit that is based on a + concept of <emphasis>run-levels</emphasis>. It can be quite different from one + system to another, so it cannot be assumed that because things worked in one + particular Linux distribution, they should work the same in LFS too. LFS has its + own way of doing things, but it respects generally accepted standards.</para> + + <para>SysVinit (which will be referred to as <quote>init</quote> from now on) + works using a run-levels scheme. There are seven (numbered 0 to 6) run-levels + (actually, there are more run-levels, but they are for special cases and are + generally not used. See <filename>init(8)</filename> for more details), and + each one of those corresponds to the actions the computer is supposed to + perform when it starts up. The default run-level is 3. Here are the + descriptions of the different run-levels as they are implemented:</para> <literallayout>0: halt the computer 1: single-user mode @@ -33,83 +37,93 @@ different run-levels as they are implemented:</para> 5: same as 4, it is usually used for GUI login (like X's <command>xdm</command> or KDE's <command>kdm</command>) 6: reboot the computer</literallayout> -<para>The command used to change run-levels is <command>init -<replaceable>[runlevel]</replaceable></command>, where -<replaceable>[runlevel]</replaceable> is the target run-level. For example, to -reboot the computer, a user could issue the <command>init 6</command> command, -which is an alias for the <command>reboot</command> command. Likewise, -<command>init 0</command> is an alias for the <command>halt</command> -command.</para> - -<para>There are a number of directories under <filename -class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename> that look like <filename -class="directory">rc?.d</filename> (where ? is the number of the run-level) and -<filename class="directory">rcsysinit.d</filename>, all containing a number of -symbolic links. Some begin with a <emphasis>K</emphasis>, the others begin with -an <emphasis>S</emphasis>, and all of them have two numbers following the -initial letter. The K means to stop (kill) a service and the S means to start a -service. The numbers determine the order in which the scripts are run, from 00 -to 99—the lower the number the earlier it gets executed. When -<command>init</command> switches to another run-level, the appropriate services -are either started or stopped, depending on the runlevel chosen.</para> - -<para>The real scripts are in <filename -class="directory">/etc/rc.d/init.d</filename>. They do the actual -work, and the symlinks all point to them. Killing links and starting -links point to the same script in <filename -class="directory">/etc/rc.d/init.d</filename>. This is because the -scripts can be called with different parameters like -<parameter>start</parameter>, <parameter>stop</parameter>, -<parameter>restart</parameter>, <parameter>reload</parameter>, and -<parameter>status</parameter>. When a K link is encountered, the -appropriate script is run with the <parameter>stop</parameter> -argument. When an S link is encountered, the appropriate script is run -with the <parameter>start</parameter> argument.</para> - -<para>There is one exception to this explanation. Links that start -with an <emphasis>S</emphasis> in the <filename -class="directory">rc0.d</filename> and <filename -class="directory">rc6.d</filename> directories will not cause anything -to be started. They will be called with the parameter -<parameter>stop</parameter> to stop something. The logic behind this -is that when a user is going to reboot or halt the system, nothing -needs to be started. The system only needs to be stopped.</para> - -<para>These are descriptions of what the arguments make the scripts -do:</para> - -<variablelist> -<varlistentry> -<term><parameter>start</parameter></term> -<listitem><para>The service is started.</para></listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry> -<term><parameter>stop</parameter></term> -<listitem><para>The service is stopped.</para></listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry> -<term><parameter>restart</parameter></term> -<listitem><para>The service is stopped and then started again.</para></listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry> -<term><parameter>reload</parameter></term> -<listitem><para>The configuration of the service is updated. -This is used after the configuration file of a service was modified, when -the service does not need to be restarted.</para></listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry> -<term><parameter>status</parameter></term> -<listitem><para>Tells if the service is running and with which PIDs.</para></listitem> -</varlistentry> -</variablelist> - -<para>Feel free to modify the way the boot process works (after all, -it is your own LFS system). The files given here are an example of how -it can be done.</para> + <para>The command used to change run-levels is <command>init + <replaceable>[runlevel]</replaceable></command>, where + <replaceable>[runlevel]</replaceable> is the target run-level. For example, to + reboot the computer, a user could issue the <command>init 6</command> command, + which is an alias for the <command>reboot</command> command. Likewise, + <command>init 0</command> is an alias for the <command>halt</command> + command.</para> + + <para>There are a number of directories under <filename + class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename> that look like <filename + class="directory">rc?.d</filename> (where ? is the number of the run-level) and + <filename class="directory">rcsysinit.d</filename>, all containing a number of + symbolic links. Some begin with a <emphasis>K</emphasis>, the others begin with + an <emphasis>S</emphasis>, and all of them have two numbers following the + initial letter. The K means to stop (kill) a service and the S means to start a + service. The numbers determine the order in which the scripts are run, from 00 + to 99—the lower the number the earlier it gets executed. When + <command>init</command> switches to another run-level, the appropriate services + are either started or stopped, depending on the runlevel chosen.</para> + + <para>The real scripts are in <filename + class="directory">/etc/rc.d/init.d</filename>. They do the actual work, and + the symlinks all point to them. Killing links and starting links point to + the same script in <filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d/init.d</filename>. + This is because the scripts can be called with different parameters like + <parameter>start</parameter>, <parameter>stop</parameter>, + <parameter>restart</parameter>, <parameter>reload</parameter>, and + <parameter>status</parameter>. When a K link is encountered, the appropriate + script is run with the <parameter>stop</parameter> argument. When an S link + is encountered, the appropriate script is run with the + <parameter>start</parameter> argument.</para> + + <para>There is one exception to this explanation. Links that start + with an <emphasis>S</emphasis> in the <filename + class="directory">rc0.d</filename> and <filename + class="directory">rc6.d</filename> directories will not cause anything + to be started. They will be called with the parameter + <parameter>stop</parameter> to stop something. The logic behind this + is that when a user is going to reboot or halt the system, nothing + needs to be started. The system only needs to be stopped.</para> + + <para>These are descriptions of what the arguments make the scripts + do:</para> + + <variablelist> + + <varlistentry> + <term><parameter>start</parameter></term> + <listitem> + <para>The service is started.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><parameter>stop</parameter></term> + <listitem> + <para>The service is stopped.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><parameter>restart</parameter></term> + <listitem> + <para>The service is stopped and then started again.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><parameter>reload</parameter></term> + <listitem> + <para>The configuration of the service is updated. + This is used after the configuration file of a service was modified, when + the service does not need to be restarted.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><parameter>status</parameter></term> + <listitem> + <para>Tells if the service is running and with which PIDs.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + + <para>Feel free to modify the way the boot process works (after all, + it is your own LFS system). The files given here are an example of how + it can be done.</para> </sect1> - |