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author | Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@linuxfromscratch.org> | 2020-06-07 20:16:00 +0000 |
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committer | Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@linuxfromscratch.org> | 2020-06-07 20:16:00 +0000 |
commit | fcc027677da55c41dcaea045f5b9ff8b088e6495 (patch) | |
tree | 42500a7858959695b971e7f28f1d0bf33185db2e /chapter08/gcc.xml | |
parent | d53fefab5a6772fef606392a61608fc290e6a7ae (diff) |
Initial commit of alternative cross LFS
git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/cross2@11897 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
Diffstat (limited to 'chapter08/gcc.xml')
-rw-r--r-- | chapter08/gcc.xml | 626 |
1 files changed, 626 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/chapter08/gcc.xml b/chapter08/gcc.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..9e4c53ec5 --- /dev/null +++ b/chapter08/gcc.xml @@ -0,0 +1,626 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> +<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ + <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> + %general-entities; +]> + +<sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" role="wrap"> + <?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?> + + <sect1info condition="script"> + <productname>gcc</productname> + <productnumber>&gcc-version;</productnumber> + <address>&gcc-url;</address> + </sect1info> + + <title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title> + + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc"> + <primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary> + </indexterm> + + <sect2 role="package"> + <title/> + + <para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes + the C and C++ compilers.</para> + + <segmentedlist> + <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> + <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle> + + <seglistitem> + <seg>&gcc-ch6-sbu;</seg> + <seg>&gcc-ch6-du;</seg> + </seglistitem> + </segmentedlist> + + </sect2> + + <sect2 role="installation"> + <title>Installation of GCC</title> + + <para>If building on x86_64, change the default directory name for 64-bit + libraries to <quote>lib</quote>:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in + x86_64) + sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' \ + -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64 + ;; +esac</userinput></screen> + + <para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC in a dedicated build directory:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build +cd build</userinput></screen> + + <para>Prepare GCC for compilation:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \ + LD=ld \ + --enable-languages=c,c++ \ + --disable-multilib \ + --disable-bootstrap \ + --with-system-zlib</userinput></screen> + + <para>Note that for other languages, there are some prerequisites that + are not yet available. See the + <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/gcc.html">BLFS Book</ulink> + for instructions on how to build all of GCC's supported languages.</para> + + <variablelist> + <title>The meaning of the new configure parameter:</title> + + <varlistentry> + <term><parameter>--with-system-zlib</parameter></term> + <listitem> + <para>This switch tells GCC to link to the system installed copy of + the Zlib library, rather than its own internal copy.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + + <para>Compile the package:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen> + + <important> + <para>In this section, the test suite for GCC is considered + critical. Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para> + </important> + + <para>One set of tests in the GCC test suite is known to exhaust the stack, + so increase the stack size prior to running the tests:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="test">ulimit -s 32768</userinput></screen> + + <para>Test the results as a non-privileged user, but do not stop at errors:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="test">chown -Rv tester . +su tester -c "PATH=$PATH make -k check"</userinput></screen> + + <para>To receive a summary of the test suite results, run:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="test">../contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen> + + <para>For only the summaries, pipe the output through + <userinput>grep -A7 Summ</userinput>.</para> + + <para>Results can be compared with those located at <ulink + url="&test-results;"/> and + <ulink url="https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-testresults/"/>.</para> + + <para>Six tests related to get_time are known to fail. These are + apparently related to the en_HK locale.</para> + + <para>Two tests named lookup.cc and reverse.cc in experimental/net + are known to fail in LFS chroot environment because they require + /etc/hosts and iana-etc.</para> + + <para>A few unexpected failures cannot always be avoided. The GCC developers + are usually aware of these issues, but have not resolved them yet. + Unless the test results are vastly different from those at the above URL, + it is safe to continue.</para> + + <!--note><para> + On some combinations of kernel configuration and AMD processors + there may be more than 1100 failures in the gcc.target/i386/mpx + tests (which are designed to test the MPX option on recent + Intel processors). These can safely be ignored on AMD + processors. These tests will also fail on Intel processors if MPX support + is not enabled in the kernel even though it is present on the CPU. + </para></note--> + + <para>Install the package and remove an unneeded directory:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="install">make install +rm -rf /usr/lib/gcc/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/&gcc-version;/include-fixed/bits/</userinput></screen> + + <para>The GCC build directory is owned by <systemitem class="username"> + tester</systemitem> now and the ownership of the installed header + directory (and its content) will be incorrect. Change the ownership to + <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user and group:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="install">chown -v -R root:root \ + /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include{,-fixed}</userinput></screen> + + <para>Create a symlink required by the <ulink + url="https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/FHS_3.0/fhs/ch03s09.html">FHS</ulink> + for "historical" reasons.</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="install">ln -sv ../usr/bin/cpp /lib</userinput></screen> + <!-- already done earlier + <para>Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C + compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="install">ln -sv gcc /usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen> + --> + <para>Add a compatibility symlink to enable building programs with + Link Time Optimization (LTO):</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="install">install -v -dm755 /usr/lib/bfd-plugins +ln -sfv ../../libexec/gcc/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/&gcc-version;/liblto_plugin.so \ + /usr/lib/bfd-plugins/</userinput></screen> + + <para>Now that our final toolchain is in place, it is important to again ensure + that compiling and linking will work as expected. We do this by performing + the same sanity checks as we did earlier in the chapter:</para> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='a'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='b'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='c'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='d'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='e'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='f'])"/> + +<screen><computeroutput>/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/crt1.o succeeded +/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/crti.o succeeded +/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/crtn.o succeeded</computeroutput></screen> + + <para>Depending on your machine architecture, the above may differ slightly, + the difference usually being the name of the directory + after <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/gcc</filename>. The important + thing to look for here is that <command>gcc</command> has found all three + <filename>crt*.o</filename> files under the + <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> directory.</para> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='g'])"/> + +<screen><userinput>grep -B4 '^ /usr/include' dummy.log</userinput></screen> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='h'])"/> + +<screen><computeroutput>#include <...> search starts here: + /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include + /usr/local/include + /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include-fixed + /usr/include</computeroutput></screen> + + <para>Again, note that the directory named after your target triplet may be + different than the above, depending on your architecture.</para> + +<!-- This appears to be obsolete + + <note><para>As of version 4.3.0, GCC now unconditionally installs the + <filename>limits.h</filename> file into the private + <filename class="directory">include-fixed</filename> directory, and that + directory is required to be in place.</para></note> +--> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='i'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='j'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='k'])"/> + +<screen><computeroutput>SEARCH_DIR("/usr/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/lib64") +SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib64") +SEARCH_DIR("/lib64") +SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib64") +SEARCH_DIR("/usr/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/lib") +SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib") +SEARCH_DIR("/lib") +SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");</computeroutput></screen> + + <para>A 32-bit system may see a few different directories. For example, here + is the output from an i686 machine:</para> + +<screen><computeroutput>SEARCH_DIR("/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib32") +SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib32") +SEARCH_DIR("/lib32") +SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib32") +SEARCH_DIR("/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib") +SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib") +SEARCH_DIR("/lib") +SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");</computeroutput></screen> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='l'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='m'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='n'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='o'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='p'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='q'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='r'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='s'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='t'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='u'])"/> + + <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" + href="adjusting.xml" + xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='v'])"/> + + <para>Finally, move a misplaced file:</para> + +<screen><userinput remap="install">mkdir -pv /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib +mv -v /usr/lib/*gdb.py /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib</userinput></screen> + + </sect2> + + <sect2 id="contents-gcc" role="content"> + <title>Contents of GCC</title> + + <segmentedlist> + <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> + <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle> + <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle> + + <seglistitem> + <seg>c++, cc (link to gcc), cpp, g++, gcc, + gcc-ar, gcc-nm, gcc-ranlib, gcov, gcov-dump, and gcov-tool</seg> + + <seg>libasan.{a,so}, libatomic.{a,so}, libcc1.so, libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, + libgcc_s.so, libgcov.a, libgomp.{a,so}, libitm.{a,so}, + liblsan.{a,so}, liblto_plugin.so, + libquadmath.{a,so}, libssp.{a,so}, libssp_nonshared.a, + libstdc++.{a,so}, libstdc++fs.a, libsupc++.a, libtsan.{a,so}, + and libubsan.{a,so}</seg> + + <seg>/usr/include/c++, /usr/lib/gcc, /usr/libexec/gcc, and + /usr/share/gcc-&gcc-version;</seg> + </seglistitem> + </segmentedlist> + + <variablelist> + <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> + <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> + <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> + + <varlistentry id="c"> + <term><command>c++</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>The C++ compiler</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc c"> + <primary sortas="b-c++">c++</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="cc"> + <term><command>cc</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>The C compiler</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cc"> + <primary sortas="b-cc">cc</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="cpp"> + <term><command>cpp</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>The C preprocessor; it is used by the compiler to expand the + #include, #define, and similar statements in the source files</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp"> + <primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="g"> + <term><command>g++</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>The C++ compiler</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g"> + <primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="gcc"> + <term><command>gcc</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>The C compiler</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc"> + <primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="gcc-ar"> + <term><command>gcc-ar</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>A wrapper around <command>ar</command> that adds a + plugin to the command line. This program is only used + to add "link time optimization" and is not useful with the + default build options</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc-ar"> + <primary sortas="b-gcc-ar">gc-ar</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="gcc-nm"> + <term><command>gcc-nm</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>A wrapper around <command>nm</command> that adds a + plugin to the command line. This program is only used + to add "link time optimization" and is not useful with the + default build options</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc-nm"> + <primary sortas="b-gcc-nm">gc-nm</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="gcc-ranlib"> + <term><command>gcc-ranlib</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>A wrapper around <command>ranlib</command> that adds a + plugin to the command line. This program is only used + to add "link time optimization" and is not useful with the + default build options</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc-ranlib"> + <primary sortas="b-gcc-ranlib">gc-ranlib</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="gcov"> + <term><command>gcov</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>A coverage testing tool; it is used to analyze programs to + determine where optimizations will have the most effect</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov"> + <primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="gcov-dump"> + <term><command>gcov-dump</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Offline gcda and gcno profile dump tool</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov-dump"> + <primary sortas="b-gcov-dump">gcov-dump</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="gcov-tool"> + <term><command>gcov-tool</command></term> + <listitem> + <para>Offline gcda profile processing tool</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov-tool"> + <primary sortas="b-gcov-tool">gcov-tool</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libasan"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libasan</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>The Address Sanitizer runtime library</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libasan"> + <primary sortas="b-libasan">libasan</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libatomic"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libatomic</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>GCC atomic built-in runtime library</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libatomic"> + <primary sortas="b-libatomic">libatomic</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libcc1"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcc1</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>The C preprocessing library</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libcc1"> + <primary sortas="b-libcc1">libcc1</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libgcc"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcc</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>Contains run-time support for <command>gcc</command></para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc"> + <primary sortas="c-libgcc">libgcc</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libgcov"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcov</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>This library is linked in to a program when GCC is instructed + to enable profiling</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcov"> + <primary sortas="c-libgcov">libgcov</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libgomp"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgomp</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>GNU implementation of the OpenMP API for multi-platform + shared-memory parallel programming in C/C++ and Fortran</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgomp"> + <primary sortas="c-libgomp">libgomp</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="liblsan"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">liblsan</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>The Leak Sanitizer runtime library</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc liblsan"> + <primary sortas="c-liblsan">liblsan</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="liblto_plugin"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">liblto_plugin</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>GCC's Link Time Optimization (LTO) plugin allows GCC to perform + optimizations across compilation units</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc liblto_plugin"> + <primary sortas="c-liblto_plugin">liblto_plugin</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libquadmath"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libquadmath</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>GCC Quad Precision Math Library API</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libquadmath"> + <primary sortas="c-libquadmath">libquadmath</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libssp"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libssp</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>Contains routines supporting GCC's stack-smashing protection + functionality</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libssp"> + <primary sortas="c-libssp">libssp</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libstdc"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>The standard C++ library</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc"> + <primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libstdcfs"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++fs</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>ISO/IEC TS 18822:2015 Filesystem library</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdcfs"> + <primary sortas="c-libstdc++fs">libstdc++fs</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libsupc"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsupc++</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>Provides supporting routines for the C++ programming + language</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc"> + <primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libtsan"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libtsan</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>The Thread Sanitizer runtime library</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libtsan"> + <primary sortas="c-libtsan">libtsan</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry id="libubsan"> + <term><filename class="libraryfile">libubsan</filename></term> + <listitem> + <para>The Undefined Behavior Sanitizer runtime library</para> + <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libubsan"> + <primary sortas="c-libubsan">libubsan</primary> + </indexterm> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + + </sect2> + +</sect1> |