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authorManuel Canales Esparcia <manuel@linuxfromscratch.org>2004-12-20 18:08:34 +0000
committerManuel Canales Esparcia <manuel@linuxfromscratch.org>2004-12-20 18:08:34 +0000
commite0a04e86b21514726e2ed072700a2e99022010a6 (patch)
tree27936a808f85294fb132587eb2b417b9ee9b04af /chapter08
parent242448316a5872eb33374716ac12408e9bf2f5ac (diff)
Removed text in chapter 08.
git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@4436 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
Diffstat (limited to 'chapter08')
-rw-r--r--chapter08/fstab.xml35
-rw-r--r--chapter08/grub.xml45
-rw-r--r--chapter08/introduction.xml5
-rw-r--r--chapter08/kernel.xml143
4 files changed, 3 insertions, 225 deletions
diff --git a/chapter08/fstab.xml b/chapter08/fstab.xml
index c5cc0123b..50cfd8315 100644
--- a/chapter08/fstab.xml
+++ b/chapter08/fstab.xml
@@ -9,11 +9,6 @@
<indexterm zone="ch-bootable-fstab"><primary sortas="e-/etc/fstab">/etc/fstab</primary></indexterm>
-<para>The <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file is used by some programs to
-determine where file systems are to be mounted by default, which
-must be checked and in which order. Create a new file systems table like
-this:</para>
-
<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/fstab &lt;&lt; "EOF"
# Begin /etc/fstab
@@ -28,34 +23,4 @@ shm /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
# End /etc/fstab
EOF</userinput></screen>
-<para>Of course, replace <replaceable>[xxx]</replaceable>, <replaceable>[yyy]</replaceable>
-and <replaceable>[fff]</replaceable> with the values appropriate for your system --
-for example <filename class="partition">hda2</filename>, <filename class="partition">hda5</filename> and
-<systemitem class="filesystem">reiserfs</systemitem>. For all the details on the six fields in this
-table, see <command>man 5 fstab</command>.</para>
-
-<para>When using a reiserfs partition, the <parameter>1 1</parameter> at the
-end of the line should be replaced with <parameter>0 0</parameter>, as such a
-partition does not need to be dumped or checked</para>
-
-<para>The <filename class="directory">/dev/shm</filename> mount point for
-<systemitem class="filesystem">tmpfs</systemitem> is included to
-allow enabling POSIX shared memory. Your kernel must have the required support
-built into it for this to work -- more about this in the next section. Please
-note that currently very little software actually uses POSIX shared memory.
-Therefore you can consider the <filename class="directory">/dev/shm</filename> mount point
-optional. For more information, see
-<filename>Documentation/filesystems/tmpfs.txt</filename> in the kernel source
-tree.</para>
-
-<para>There are other lines which you may consider adding to your
-<filename>fstab</filename> file. One example is a line to use if you intend to
-use USB devices:</para>
-
-<screen> usbfs /proc/bus/usb usbfs devgid=14,devmode=0660 0 0 </screen>
-
-<para>This option will of course only work if you have the
-"Support for Host-side USB" and "USB device filesystem"
-compiled into your kernel (not as a module).</para>
-
</sect1>
diff --git a/chapter08/grub.xml b/chapter08/grub.xml
index 57293c359..98a339698 100644
--- a/chapter08/grub.xml
+++ b/chapter08/grub.xml
@@ -11,23 +11,7 @@
<primary sortas="a-Grub">Grub</primary>
<secondary>configuring</secondary></indexterm>
-<para>Your shiny new LFS system is almost complete. One of the last things to
-do is ensure you can boot it. The instructions below apply only to computers of
-IA-32 architecture, meaning mainstream PCs. Information on <quote>boot
-loading</quote> for other architectures should be available in the usual
-resource-specific locations for those architectures.</para>
-
-<para>Boot loading can be a complex area. First, a few cautionary words. You
-really should be familiar with your current boot loader and any other
-operating systems present on your hard drive(s) that you might wish to keep
-bootable. Please make sure that you have an emergency boot disk ready, so that
-you can rescue your computer if, by any chance, your computer becomes unusable
-(un-bootable).</para>
-
-<para>Earlier, we compiled and installed the Grub boot loader software in
-preparation for this step. The procedure involves writing some special Grub
-files to specific locations on the hard drive. Before we get to that, we
-highly recommend that you create a Grub boot floppy diskette just in case.
+<para>We highly recommend that you create a Grub boot floppy diskette just in case.
Insert a blank floppy diskette and run the following commands:</para>
<screen><userinput>dd if=/boot/grub/stage1 of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 count=1
@@ -38,34 +22,11 @@ dd if=/boot/grub/stage2 of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 seek=1</userinput></screen>
<screen><userinput>grub</userinput></screen>
-<para>Grub uses its own naming structure for drives and partitions, in the form
-of (hdn,m), where <emphasis>n</emphasis> is the hard drive number, and
-<emphasis>m</emphasis> the partition number, both starting from zero. This
-means, for instance, that partition <filename class="partition">hda1</filename> is (hd0,0) to
-Grub, and <filename class="partition">hdb2</filename> is (hd1,1). In contrast to Linux, Grub
-doesn't consider CD-ROM drives to be hard drives, so if you have a CD on
-<filename class="partition">hdb</filename>, for example, and a second hard drive on
-<filename class="partition">hdc</filename>, that second hard drive would still be (hd1).</para>
-
-<para>Using the above information, determine the appropriate designator for
-your root partition (or boot partition, if you use a separate one). For the
-following example, we'll assume your root (or separate boot) partition is
-<filename class="partition">hda4</filename>.</para>
-
<para>First, tell Grub where to search for its <filename>stage{1,2}</filename>
files -- you can use the Tab key everywhere to make Grub show the alternatives:</para>
<screen><userinput>root (hd0,3)</userinput></screen>
-
-<warning><para>The following command will overwrite your current boot loader.
-Don't run the command if this is not what you want. For example, you may be
-using a third party boot manager to manage your MBR (Master Boot Record). In
-this scenario, it would probably make more sense to install Grub into the
-<quote>boot sector</quote> of the LFS partition, in which case this next command
-would become: <userinput>setup (hd0,3)</userinput>.</para></warning>
-
-
<para>Tell Grub to install itself into the MBR (Master Boot Record) of
<filename class="partition">hda</filename>:</para>
@@ -116,10 +77,6 @@ rootnoverify (hd0,0)
chainloader +1
EOF</userinput></screen>
-<para>If <command>info grub</command> doesn't tell you all you want to
-know, you can find more information regarding Grub on its website, located at:
-<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/"/>.</para>
-
<para>The FHS stipulates that Grub's menu.lst file should be symlinked to
/etc/grub/menu.lst. To satisfy this requirement, issue the following
command:</para>
diff --git a/chapter08/introduction.xml b/chapter08/introduction.xml
index a879c4a24..b55766f4c 100644
--- a/chapter08/introduction.xml
+++ b/chapter08/introduction.xml
@@ -7,9 +7,6 @@
<title>Introduction</title>
<?dbhtml filename="introduction.html"?>
-<para>This chapter will make LFS bootable. This chapter deals with creating a
-<filename>fstab</filename> file, building a
-kernel for the new LFS system and installing the Grub bootloader
-so that the LFS system can be selected for booting at startup.</para>
+<para>See testing</para>
</sect1>
diff --git a/chapter08/kernel.xml b/chapter08/kernel.xml
index d600342a8..1d41e21b7 100644
--- a/chapter08/kernel.xml
+++ b/chapter08/kernel.xml
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
<indexterm zone="ch-bootable-kernel"><primary sortas="a-Linux">Linux</primary></indexterm>
<sect2 role="package"><title/>
-<para>The Linux package contains the kernel and the header files.</para>
<segmentedlist>
<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
@@ -19,30 +18,15 @@
<seg>All default options: 181 MB</seg></seglistitem>
</segmentedlist>
-<segmentedlist>
-<segtitle>Linux installation depends on</segtitle>
-<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Findutils,
-GCC, Glibc, Grep, Gzip, Make, Modutils, Perl, Sed</seg></seglistitem>
-</segmentedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2 role="installation">
<title>Installation of the kernel</title>
-<para>Building the kernel involves a few steps: configuration, compilation, and
-installation. If you don't like the way this book configures the kernel, view
-the <filename>README</filename> file in the kernel source tree for alternative
-methods.</para>
-
<para>Prepare for compilation by running the following command:</para>
<screen><userinput>make mrproper</userinput></screen>
-<para>This ensures that the kernel tree is absolutely clean. The kernel team
-recommends that this command be issued prior to <emphasis>each</emphasis>
-kernel compilation. You shouldn't rely on the source tree being clean after
-un-tarring.</para>
-
<para>Also, ensure that the kernel does not attempt to pass hotplugging events
to userspace until userspace specifies that it is ready:</para>
@@ -54,111 +38,27 @@ to compile the keymap into the kernel, issue the command below:</para>
<screen><userinput>loadkeys -m /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/<replaceable>[path to keymap]</replaceable> &gt; \
<replaceable>[unpacked sources dir]</replaceable>/linux-&linux-version;/drivers/char/defkeymap.c</userinput></screen>
-<para>For example, if you have a Dutch keyboard, you would use
-<filename>/usr/share/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty/nl.map.gz</filename>.</para>
-
<para>Configure the kernel via a menu-driven interface:</para>
<screen><userinput>make menuconfig</userinput></screen>
-<para><command>make oldconfig</command> may be more appropriate in some
-situations. See the <filename>README</filename> file for more
-information.</para>
-
-<para>If you wish, you may skip kernel configuration by simply copying the
-kernel config file, <filename>.config</filename>, from your host system
-(assuming it is available) to the unpacked <filename class="directory">linux-&linux-version;</filename>
-directory. However, we
-don't recommend this option. You're much better off exploring all the
-configuration menus and creating your own kernel configuration from
-scratch.</para>
-
-<para>For POSIX shared memory support, ensure that the kernel config option
-<quote>Virtual memory file system support</quote> is enabled. It resides within
-the <quote>File systems</quote> menu and is normally enabled by default.</para>
-
-<para>LFS bootscripts make the assumption that you either compile
-both <quote>Support for Host-side USB</quote> and
-<quote>USB device filesystem</quote> directly into the kernel, or don't compile them at
-all. Bootscripts will not work properly if it is a module (<filename>usbcore.ko</filename>).</para>
-
-<note><para>NPTL requires the kernel to be compiled with GCC 3.x, in this case
-&gcc-version;. Compiling with 2.95.x is known to cause failures in the glibc
-testsuite, so do <emphasis>not</emphasis> compile the kernel with gcc 2.95.x
-unless you know what you're getting yourself into.</para></note>
-
<para>Compile the kernel image and modules:</para>
<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
-<para>If you intend to use kernel modules, you may need an
-<filename>/etc/modprobe.conf</filename> file. Information pertaining
-to modules and to kernel configuration in general may be found in the
-kernel documentation, which is found in the
-<filename class="directory">linux-&linux-version;/Documentation</filename> directory.
-The modprobe.conf man page
-<!-- removed for review from tldp.org
-and the kernel HOWTO at
-<ulink url="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Kernel-HOWTO.html"/> -->
-may also be of interest to you.</para>
-
-<para>Be very suspicious while reading other documentation, because it
-usually applies to 2.4.x kernels only. As far as the editors know, kernel
-configuration issues specific to Hotplug and Udev
-are documented nowhere. The problem is that Udev will create a device node
-only if Hotplug or a user-written script inserts the corresponding module
-into the kernel, and not all modules are detectable by Hotplug. Note
-that statements like
-<screen>alias char-major-XXX some-module</screen>
-in <filename>/etc/modprobe.conf</filename> file don't work with
-Udev, and other aliases are often unnecessary with Hotplug.</para>
-
-<para>Because of all those compilcations with Hotplug, Udev and modules, we
-strongly recommend you to start with a completely non-modular kernel
-configuration, especially if this is the first time you use Udev.</para>
-
<para>Install the modules, if your kernel configuration uses them:</para>
<screen><userinput>make modules_install</userinput></screen>
-<para>If you have a lot of modules and very little space, you may want to
-consider stripping and compressing the modules. For most people such compression
-isn't worth the trouble, but if you're really pressed for space, then have a look at
-<ulink url="http://www.linux-mips.org/archives/linux-mips/2002-04/msg00031.html"/>.</para>
-
-<para>Kernel compilation has finished but more steps are required to complete
-the installation. Some files need to be copied to the <filename class="directory">/boot</filename>
-directory.</para>
-
<para>The path to the kernel image may vary depending on the platform you're
using. Issue the following command to install the kernel:</para>
<screen><userinput>cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/lfskernel-&linux-version;</userinput></screen>
-<para><filename>System.map</filename> is a symbol file for the kernel. It maps
-the function entry points of every function in the kernel API (Application Programming Interface), as well as the
-addresses of the kernel data structures for the running kernel. Issue the
-following command to install the map file:</para>
-
<screen><userinput>cp System.map /boot/System.map-&linux-version;</userinput></screen>
-<para><filename>.config</filename> is the kernel configuration file that was
-produced by the <command>make menuconfig</command> step above. It contains all
-the config selections for the kernel that was just compiled. It's a good idea
-to keep this file for future reference:</para>
-
<screen><userinput>cp .config /boot/config-&linux-version;</userinput></screen>
-<para>It is important to note that the files in the kernel source directory are
-not owned by <emphasis>root</emphasis>. Whenever you unpack a package as user
-<emphasis>root</emphasis> (like we did here inside chroot), the files end up
-having the user and group IDs of whatever they were on the packager's computer.
-This is usually not a problem for any other package you install because you
-remove the source tree after the installation. But the Linux source tree is
-often kept around for a long time, so there's a chance that whatever user ID
-the packager used will be assigned to somebody on your machine and then that
-person would have write access to the kernel source.</para>
-
<para>If you are going to keep the kernel source tree around, you may want to
run <command>chown -R 0:0</command> on the
<filename class="directory">linux-&linux-version;</filename> directory to ensure all files are
@@ -169,48 +69,7 @@ owned by user <emphasis>root</emphasis>.</para>
<sect2 id="contents-kernel" role="content"><title>Contents of Linux</title>
-<segmentedlist>
-<segtitle>Installed files</segtitle>
-<seglistitem><seg>the kernel, the kernel headers,
-and the System.map</seg></seglistitem>
-</segmentedlist>
-
-<variablelist><title>Short descriptions</title>
-
-<varlistentry id="kernel">
-<term>The <emphasis>kernel</emphasis></term>
-<listitem>
-<indexterm zone="ch-bootable-kernel kernel"><primary sortas="b-kernel">kernel</primary></indexterm>
-<para>is the engine of your Linux system.
-When switching on your box, the kernel is the first part of your operating
-system that gets loaded. It detects and initializes all the components of your
-computer's hardware, then makes these components available as a tree of files
-to the software, and turns a single CPU into a multi-tasking machine capable
-of running scores of programs seemingly at the same time.</para>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="kernel-headers">
-<term>The <emphasis>kernel headers</emphasis></term>
-<listitem>
-<indexterm zone="ch-bootable-kernel kernel-headers"><primary sortas="e-kernel-headers">kernel headers</primary></indexterm>
-<para>define the interface to the
-services that the kernel provides. The headers in your system's
-<filename class="directory">include</filename> directory should <emphasis>always</emphasis> be
-the ones against which Glibc was compiled and should therefore
-<emphasis>not</emphasis> be replaced when upgrading the kernel.</para>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-
-<varlistentry id="System.map">
-<term><filename>System.map</filename></term>
-<listitem>
-<indexterm zone="ch-bootable-kernel System.map"><primary sortas="e-/boot/System.map">/boot/System.map</primary></indexterm>
-<para>is a list of addresses and symbols. It maps the entry points and addresses
-of all the functions and data structures in the kernel.</para>
-</listitem>
-</varlistentry>
-</variablelist>
+<para>See testing</para>
</sect2>