diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter01/changelog.xml | 13 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter03/packages.xml | 46 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter03/patches.xml | 57 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter05/gawk.xml | 13 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter05/glibc.xml | 17 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/chapter06.xml | 3 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/coreutils.xml | 20 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/diffutils.xml | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/gawk.xml | 16 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/gdbm.xml | 73 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/glibc.xml | 45 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/grep.xml | 10 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/groff.xml | 21 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/kbd.xml | 19 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/man-db.xml | 268 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/man.xml | 180 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/ncurses.xml | 94 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/readline.xml | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/sysklogd.xml | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/sysvinit.xml | 23 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/texinfo.xml | 8 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/udev.xml | 1 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/vim.xml | 14 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter07/bootscripts.xml | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter07/console.xml | 261 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter07/profile.xml | 53 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter08/fstab.xml | 39 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter08/kernel.xml | 16 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | general.ent | 8 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | patches.ent | 22 |
30 files changed, 1009 insertions, 353 deletions
diff --git a/chapter01/changelog.xml b/chapter01/changelog.xml index e5be147f8..3f0245f2c 100644 --- a/chapter01/changelog.xml +++ b/chapter01/changelog.xml @@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ First a summary, then a detailed log.</para> <listitem><para>Gettext &gettext-version;</para></listitem> <listitem><para>Glibc &glibc-version;</para></listitem> <!-- <listitem><para>Grep &grep-version;</para></listitem> --> -<listitem><para>Groff &groff-version;</para></listitem> +<!-- <listitem><para>Groff &groff-version;</para></listitem> --> <listitem><para>GRUB &grub-version;</para></listitem> <!-- <listitem><para>Gzip &gzip-version;</para></listitem> --> <!-- <listitem><para>Hotplug &hotplug-version;</para></listitem> --> @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ First a summary, then a detailed log.</para> <listitem><para>Linux-Libc-Headers &linux-libc-headers-version;</para></listitem> <listitem><para>M4 &m4-version;</para></listitem> <!-- <listitem><para>Make &make-version;</para></listitem> --> -<listitem><para>Man &man-version;</para></listitem> +<listitem><para>Man-DB &man-db-version;</para></listitem> <listitem><para>Man-pages &man-pages-version;</para></listitem> <!-- <listitem><para>Mktemp &mktemp-version;</para></listitem> --> <!-- <listitem><para>Module-Init-Tools &module-init-tools-version;</para></listitem> --> @@ -83,14 +83,22 @@ First a summary, then a detailed log.</para> </itemizedlist> </listitem> +<listitem><para>Downgraded to:</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem><para>Groff &groff-version;-&groff-patchlevel;</para></listitem> +</itemizedlist> +</listitem> + <listitem><para>Added:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem><para>&bzip2-bzgrep-patch;</para></listitem> <listitem><para>&bzip2-docs-patch;</para></listitem> <listitem><para>&gawk-segfault-patch;</para></listitem> <listitem><para>&gcc-specs-patch;</para></listitem> +<listitem><para>GDBM-&gdbm-version;</para></listitem> <listitem><para>&inetutils-gcc4_fixes-patch;</para></listitem> <listitem><para>&kbd-gcc4_fixes-patch;</para></listitem> +<listitem><para>MAN-DB-&man-db-version;</para></listitem> <listitem><para>&mktemp-tempfile-patch;</para></listitem> <listitem><para>&perl-libc-patch;</para></listitem> <listitem><para>&shadow-configure-patch;</para></listitem> @@ -107,6 +115,7 @@ First a summary, then a detailed log.</para> <listitem><para>glibc-2.3.4-fix_test-1.patch</para></listitem> <listitem><para>inetutils-1.4.2-kernel_headers-1.patch</para></listitem> <listitem><para>iproute2-2.6.11-050330-remove_db-1.patch</para></listitem> +<listitem><para>Man-1.6b</para></listitem> <listitem><para>mktemp-1.5-add_tempfile-2.patch</para></listitem> <listitem><para>perl-5.8.6-libc-1.patch</para></listitem> <listitem><para>vim-6.3-security_fix-1.patch</para></listitem> diff --git a/chapter03/packages.xml b/chapter03/packages.xml index 61b0fb82c..a08517671 100644 --- a/chapter03/packages.xml +++ b/chapter03/packages.xml @@ -137,6 +137,13 @@ url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/download.html#ftp"/>.</para></note> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> +<term>GDBM (&gdbm-version;) - 228 KB:</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink url="&gnu;gdbm/"/></para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry> <term>Gettext (&gettext-version;) - 4,668 KB:</term> <listitem> <para><ulink url="&gnu;gettext/"/></para> @@ -158,13 +165,26 @@ url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/download.html#ftp"/>.</para></note> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> -<term>Groff (&groff-version;) - 2,096 KB:</term> +<term>Groff (&groff-version;) - 2,260 KB:</term> <listitem> <para><ulink url="&gnu;groff/"/></para> </listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> +<term>Groff Debian Patch - 129 KB:</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink url="http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/g/groff/&groff-debian-patch;"/></para> +<note><para>Groff Debian Patch (&groff-version;-&groff-patchlevel;) +may no longer be available at the +listed location. The site administrators of the master download +location occasionally remove older versions when new ones are +released. There is no alternative download location yet.</para></note> +<!-- Actually there's snapshot.debian.net, but they have hardware problems --> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry> <term>GRUB (&grub-version;) - 772 KB:</term> <listitem> <para><ulink url="&alpha-gnu;grub/"/></para> @@ -229,6 +249,13 @@ url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/download.html#ftp"/>.</para></note> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> +<term>Replacement <command>console</command> script for LFS-Bootscripts (&lfs-bootscripts-version;) - 3 KB:</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink url="&alexpatches;console"/></para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry> <term>Libtool (&libtool-version;) - 1,642 KB:</term> <listitem> <para><ulink url="&gnu;libtool/"/></para> @@ -264,9 +291,9 @@ url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/download.html#ftp"/>.</para></note> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> -<term>Man (&man-version;) - 205 KB:</term> +<term>Man-DB (&man-db-version;) - 816 KB:</term> <listitem> -<para><ulink url="http://primates.ximian.com/~flucifredi/man/"/></para> +<para><ulink url="http://savannah.nongnu.org/download/man-db/"/></para> </listitem> </varlistentry> @@ -298,6 +325,19 @@ url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/download.html#ftp"/>.</para></note> </listitem> </varlistentry> +<!-- +<varlistentry> +<term>Ncurses Rollup Patch (&ncurses-date;) - 328 KB:</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink url="ftp://invisible-island.net/ncurses/&ncurses-version;/"/></para> +<note><para>Ncurses Rollup Patch (&ncurses-date;) may no longer be available at the +listed location. The site administrators of the master download +location occasionally remove older versions when new ones are +released. There is no alternative download location yet.</para></note> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +--> + <varlistentry> <term>Patch (&patch-version;) - 156 KB:</term> <listitem> diff --git a/chapter03/patches.xml b/chapter03/patches.xml index 85a728d11..239a4c58e 100644 --- a/chapter03/patches.xml +++ b/chapter03/patches.xml @@ -30,6 +30,13 @@ needed to build an LFS system:</para> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> +<term>Coreutils Internationalization Fixes Patch - 110 KB:</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink url="&alexpatches;&coreutils-i18n-patch;"/></para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry> <term>Coreutils Suppress Uptime, Kill, Su Patch - 15 KB:</term> <listitem> <para><ulink url="&patches-root;&coreutils-suppress-patch;"/></para> @@ -44,6 +51,13 @@ needed to build an LFS system:</para> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> +<term>Diffutils Internationalization Fixes Patch - 18 KB:</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink url="&alexpatches;&diffutils-i18n-patch;"/></para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry> <term>Expect Spawn Patch - 7 KB:</term> <listitem> <para><ulink url="&patches-root;&expect-spawn-patch;"/></para> @@ -72,12 +86,26 @@ needed to build an LFS system:</para> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> +<term>Grep RedHat Fixes Patch - 56 KB:</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink url="&alexpatches;&grep-fixes-patch;"/></para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry> <term>Gzip Security Patch - 2 KB:</term><listitem> <para><ulink url="&patches-root;&gzip-security_fix-patch;"/></para> </listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> +<term>Kbd Backspace/Delete Fix Patch - 1 KB:</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink url="&alexpatches;&kbd-backspace-patch;"/></para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry> <term>Kbd GCC-4.x Fix Patch - 1 KB:</term> <listitem> <para><ulink url="&patches-root;&kbd-gcc4_fixes-patch;"/></para> @@ -99,6 +127,13 @@ needed to build an LFS system:</para> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> +<term>Linux kernel UTF-8 Composing Patch - 3 KB:</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink url="&alexpatches;&linux-utf8-patch;"/></para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry> <term>Mktemp Tempfile Patch - 4 KB:</term> <listitem> <para><ulink url="&patches-root;&mktemp-tempfile-patch;"/></para> @@ -106,6 +141,13 @@ needed to build an LFS system:</para> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> +<term>Ncurses Fixes Patch - 9 KB:</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink url="&alexpatches;&ncurses-fixes-patch;"/></para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry> <term>Perl Libc Patch - 1 KB:</term> <listitem> <para><ulink url="&patches-root;&perl-libc-patch;"/></para> @@ -113,6 +155,13 @@ needed to build an LFS system:</para> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> +<term>Sysklogd 8-Bit Cleanness Patch - 1 KB:</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink url="&lfs-root;patches/downloads/sysklogd/&sysklogd-8bit-patch;"/></para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry> <term>Shadow Configure Script Patch - 1KB:</term> <listitem> <para><ulink url="&patches-root;&shadow-configure-patch;"/></para> @@ -141,6 +190,14 @@ needed to build an LFS system:</para> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> +<term>Texinfo Multibyte Fixes Patch - 1 KB:</term> +<listitem> +<para><ulink url="&alexpatches;&texinfo-multibyte-patch;"/></para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + + +<varlistentry> <term>Texinfo Tempfile Fix Patch - 2 KB:</term> <listitem> <para><ulink url="&patches-root;&texinfo-tempfile_fix-patch;"/></para> diff --git a/chapter05/gawk.xml b/chapter05/gawk.xml index c70d6d1cd..c017de61b 100644 --- a/chapter05/gawk.xml +++ b/chapter05/gawk.xml @@ -31,11 +31,14 @@ <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/tools</userinput></screen> -<para>The configure script doesn't detect some functionality correctly. The -following commands correct this problem:</para> - -<screen><userinput>echo "#define HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET 1" >> config.h -echo "#define HAVE_LC_MESSAGES 1" >> config.h</userinput></screen> +<para>Due to a bug in the <command>./configure</command> script, Gawk fails +to detect certain aspects of locale support in glibc. This +bug leads to, e.g., Gettext testsuite failures. Work around this issue +by appending the missing macro definitions to <filename>config.h</filename>:</para> +<screen><userinput>cat >>config.h <<"EOF" +<literal>#define HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET 1 +#define HAVE_LC_MESSAGES 1</literal> +EOF</userinput></screen> <para>Compile the package:</para> diff --git a/chapter05/glibc.xml b/chapter05/glibc.xml index 51d44ad24..68fd4ce01 100644 --- a/chapter05/glibc.xml +++ b/chapter05/glibc.xml @@ -27,6 +27,17 @@ <sect2 role="installation"> <title>Installation of Glibc</title> +<para>The glibc-libidn tarball adds support for internationalized +(non-ASCII) domain names to Glibc. While this facility is not +useful in this chapter, the installation commands of +<xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/> +glibc (wrongly) check <xref linkend="chapter-temporary-tools"/> glibc for +this feature. Unpack the tarball from within the Glibc source +directory in order to avoid this bogus failure:</para> + +<screen><userinput>tar jxf ../glibc-libidn-&glibc-version;.tar.bz2</userinput></screen> +<!-- TODO: DIY Linux modifies the installation check script in Chapte 6 instead --> + <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para> @@ -36,7 +47,7 @@ cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen> <para>Next, prepare Glibc for compilation:</para> <screen><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/tools \ - --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \ + --disable-profile --enable-add-ons=nptl,libidn \ --enable-kernel=2.6.0 --with-binutils=/tools/bin \ --without-gd --with-headers=/tools/include \ --without-selinux</userinput></screen> @@ -52,9 +63,9 @@ necessary.</para></listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> -<term><parameter>--enable-add-ons</parameter></term> +<term><parameter>--enable-add-ons=nptl,libidn</parameter></term> <listitem><para>This tells Glibc to use the NPTL add-on as its threading -library.</para></listitem> +library, and adds support for non-ASCII domain names.</para></listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> diff --git a/chapter06/chapter06.xml b/chapter06/chapter06.xml index 82d457cbb..6c5b872ae 100644 --- a/chapter06/chapter06.xml +++ b/chapter06/chapter06.xml @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="m4.xml"/> <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="bison.xml"/> <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="less.xml"/> +<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="gdbm.xml"/> <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="groff.xml"/> <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="sed.xml"/> <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="flex.xml"/> @@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="grub.xml"/> <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="gzip.xml"/> <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="hotplug.xml"/> -<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="man.xml"/> +<xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="man-db.xml"/> <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="make.xml"/> <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="module-init-tools.xml"/> <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude" href="patch.xml"/> diff --git a/chapter06/coreutils.xml b/chapter06/coreutils.xml index 8b06c567b..5c3980f2f 100644 --- a/chapter06/coreutils.xml +++ b/chapter06/coreutils.xml @@ -41,6 +41,26 @@ other packages later:</para> <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-suppress-patch;</userinput></screen> +<para>POSIX requires that programs from Coreutils recognize character +boundaries correctly even in multibyte locales. The following patch +fixes this non-compliance and other internationalization-related bugs:</para> + +<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&coreutils-i18n-patch;</userinput></screen> + +<para>In order for the tests added by this patch to pass, the permissions for +the test file have to be changed:</para> + +<screen><userinput>chmod +x tests/sort/sort-mb-tests</userinput></screen> + +<note><para>In the past, many bugs were found in this patch. When reporting +new bugs to Coreutils maintainers, please check first if they are reproducible +without this patch.</para></note> + +<para>It has been found that translated messages sometimes overflow a buffer +in the <command>who -Hu</command> command. Increase the buffer size:</para> + +<screen><userinput>sed -i 's,_LEN 6,_LEN 20,' src/who.c</userinput></screen> + <para>Now prepare Coreutils for compilation:</para> <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen> diff --git a/chapter06/diffutils.xml b/chapter06/diffutils.xml index ade0ece11..016e9f7e0 100644 --- a/chapter06/diffutils.xml +++ b/chapter06/diffutils.xml @@ -29,6 +29,12 @@ Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> <sect2 role="installation"> <title>Installation of Diffutils</title> +<para>POSIX requires that the <command>diff</command> command treats whitespace +characters according to the current locale. The following patch fixes the +non-complinace issue:</para> + +<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&diffutils-i18n-patch;</userinput></screen> + <para>Prepare Diffutils for compilation:</para> <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen> diff --git a/chapter06/gawk.xml b/chapter06/gawk.xml index 41df7f965..d25196e41 100644 --- a/chapter06/gawk.xml +++ b/chapter06/gawk.xml @@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ Diffutils, GCC, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> <sect2 role="installation"> <title>Installation of Gawk</title> -<para>Patch Gawk to fix a bug which causes it to segfault when invoked on a -non-existent file:</para> +<para>Under some circumstances, Gawk-&gawk-version; attempts to free a chunk +of memory that was not allocated. This bug is fixed by the following patch:</para> <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&gawk-segfault-patch;</userinput></screen> @@ -37,11 +37,15 @@ non-existent file:</para> <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/lib</userinput></screen> -<para>The configure script doesn't detect some functionality correctly. The -following commands correct this problem:</para> +<para>Due to a bug in the <command>./configure</command> script, Gawk fails +to detect certain aspects of locale support in glibc. This +bug leads to, e.g., Gettext testsuite failures. Work around this issue +by appending the missing macro definitions to <filename>config.h</filename>:</para> -<screen><userinput>echo "#define HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET 1" >> config.h -echo "#define HAVE_LC_MESSAGES 1" >> config.h</userinput></screen> +<screen><userinput>cat >>config.h <<"EOF" +<literal>#define HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET 1 +#define HAVE_LC_MESSAGES 1</literal> +EOF</userinput></screen> <para>Compile the package:</para> diff --git a/chapter06/gdbm.xml b/chapter06/gdbm.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..a2eee4fac --- /dev/null +++ b/chapter06/gdbm.xml @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> +<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ + <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> + %general-entities; +]> +<sect1 id="ch-system-gdbm" role="wrap"> +<title>GDBM-&gdbm-version;</title> +<?dbhtml filename="gdbm.html"?> + +<indexterm zone="ch-system-gdbm"><primary sortas="a-Gdbm">GDBM</primary></indexterm> + +<sect2 role="package"><title/> +<para>The GDBM package contains the GNU Database Manager.</para> + +<segmentedlist> +<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> +<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle> +<seglistitem><seg>0.08 SBU</seg><seg>2.75 MB</seg></seglistitem> +</segmentedlist> + +<segmentedlist> +<segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle> +<seglistitem><seg>Not checked yet.</seg></seglistitem> +</segmentedlist> +</sect2> + +<sect2 role="installation"> +<title>Installation of GDBM</title> + +<para>Prepare GDBM for compilation:</para> + +<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr</userinput></screen> + +<para>Compile the package:</para> + +<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen> + +<para>Install the package:</para> + +<screen><userinput>make BINOWN=root BINGRP=root install install-compat</userinput></screen> + +</sect2> + + +<sect2 id="contents-gDBM" role="content"><title>Contents of GDBM</title> + +<segmentedlist> +<segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle> +<seglistitem><seg>libgdbm.[so,a] and libgdbm_compat.[so,a]</seg></seglistitem> +</segmentedlist> + +<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> +<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> +<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> + +<varlistentry id="libgdbm"> +<term>libgdbm.[so,a]</term> +<listitem> +<para>contains functions to manipulate a hashed database.</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="libgdbm-compat"> +<term>libgdbm_compat.[so,a]</term> +<listitem> +<para>provide compatibility with older dbm routines</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> + +</sect2> + +</sect1> diff --git a/chapter06/glibc.xml b/chapter06/glibc.xml index c09759789..8ab39c726 100644 --- a/chapter06/glibc.xml +++ b/chapter06/glibc.xml @@ -47,6 +47,21 @@ and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal of achieving a clean build.</para> +<para>The glibc-libidn tarball adds support for internationalized +domain names (IDN) to Glibc. Note that many programs that +support IDN require the full libidn library from +<ulink url="http://josefsson.org/libidn/releases/"/>, not this add-on. +Unpack the tarball from within the Glibc source +directory:</para> + +<screen><userinput>tar jxf ../glibc-libidn-&glibc-version;.tar.bz2</userinput></screen> + +<para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, bash enters infinite loop at startup. It is +unknown whether this is a bash bug or a glibc problem. Disable installation +of this locale in order to avoid the problem:</para> + +<screen><userinput>sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen> + <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source directory in a dedicated build directory:</para> @@ -56,7 +71,7 @@ cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen> <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para> <screen><userinput>../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \ - --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \ + --disable-profile --enable-add-ons=nptl,libidn \ --enable-kernel=2.6.0 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen> <para>The meaning of the new configure options:</para> @@ -129,6 +144,11 @@ with:</para> <screen><userinput>make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen> +<note><para>It is possible to create and install additional locales such as +ru_RU.CP1251 by means of the <command>localedef</command> command, as +explained in the <filename>INSTALL</filename> file in the Glibc source.</para></note> +<!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of running localedef --> + <para>To save time, an alternative to running the previous command (which generates and installs every locale listed in the glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED file) is to install only those @@ -142,6 +162,7 @@ instructions, instead of the <parameter>install-locales</parameter> target used above, will install the minimum set of locales necessary for the tests to run successfully:</para> +<!-- FIXME: recheck that "make localedata/install_locales" actually does the same --> <screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro @@ -152,24 +173,16 @@ localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro +localedef -i fr_FR.UTF-8 -f UTF-8 fr_FR localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP</userinput></screen> -<para>Some locales installed by the <command>make -localedata/install-locales</command> command above are not properly -supported by some applications that are in the LFS and BLFS books. -Because of the various problems that arise due to application -programmers making assumptions that break in such locales, LFS should -not be used in locales that utilize multibyte character sets -(including UTF-8) or right-to-left writing order. Numerous unofficial -and unstable patches are required to fix these problems, and it has -been decided by the LFS developers not to support such complex locales at this -time. This applies to the ja_JP and fa_IR locales as well—they have been -installed only for GCC and Gettext tests to pass, and the -<command>watch</command> program (part of the Procps package) does not work -properly in them. Various attempts to circumvent these restrictions are -documented in internationalization-related hints.</para> - +<para>The first <command>localedef</command> above combines the +<filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/de_DE</filename> charset-independent +locale definition with the +<filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/ISO-8859-1.gz</filename> charmap definition +and appends the result to the +<filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.</para> </sect2> <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration"><title>Configuring Glibc</title> diff --git a/chapter06/grep.xml b/chapter06/grep.xml index 8322c6d45..b772ad294 100644 --- a/chapter06/grep.xml +++ b/chapter06/grep.xml @@ -28,6 +28,16 @@ Diffutils, GCC, Gettext, Glibc, Make, Sed, and Texinfo</seg></seglistitem> <sect2 role="installation"> <title>Installation of Grep</title> +<para>The original Grep package has many bugs, especially in the support of +multibyte locales. RedHat fixed some of them by the following patch:</para> + +<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&grep-fixes-patch;</userinput></screen> + +<para>In order for the tests added by this patch to pass, the permissions for +the test file have to be changed:</para> + +<screen><userinput>chmod +x tests/fmbtest.sh</userinput></screen> + <para>Prepare Grep for compilation:</para> <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin</userinput></screen> diff --git a/chapter06/groff.xml b/chapter06/groff.xml index a2d8cb7e2..a8883e930 100644 --- a/chapter06/groff.xml +++ b/chapter06/groff.xml @@ -28,10 +28,29 @@ Gawk, GCC, Glibc, Grep, Make, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> <sect2 role="installation"> <title>Installation of Groff</title> +<para>Apply the patch that adds the "ascii8" and "nippon" devices to Groff:</para> + +<screen><userinput>zcat ../&groff-debian-patch; | patch -Np1</userinput></screen> + +<note><para>These devices are used by Man-DB when formatting non-English manual +pages that are not in the ISO-8859-1 encoding. There is no working patch for +Groff-1.19.x that adds this functionality at the time of this writing. +<!-- Details: http://bugs.debian.org/196762 --> +</para></note> + +<para>Many screen fonts don't have Unicode dashes in them. Tell groff to use +the ASCII hyphen instead:</para> + +<screen><userinput>sed -i 's,2010,002D,' font/devutf8/R.proto +sed -i 's,2212,002D,' font/devutf8/R.proto</userinput></screen> + <para>Groff expects the environment variable <envar>PAGE</envar> to contain the default paper size. For users in the United States, <parameter>PAGE=letter</parameter> is appropriate. Elsewhere, -<parameter>PAGE=A4</parameter> may be more suitable.</para> +<parameter>PAGE=A4</parameter> may be more suitable. +The default paper size can be changed after installation by writing +the word "A4" or "letter" to the <filename>/etc/papersize</filename> +file.</para> <para>Prepare Groff for compilation:</para> diff --git a/chapter06/kbd.xml b/chapter06/kbd.xml index 52e8a734c..703f959df 100644 --- a/chapter06/kbd.xml +++ b/chapter06/kbd.xml @@ -28,6 +28,15 @@ Diffutils, Flex, GCC, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Gzip, M4, Make, and Sed</seg></segli <sect2 role="installation"> <title>Installation of Kbd</title> +<para>The behaviour of Backspace and Delete keys is not consistent across the +keymaps in the Kbd package. The following patch fixes this issue for +i386 keymaps:</para> + +<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&kbd-backspace-patch;</userinput></screen> + +<para>After patching, the Backspace key generates the character with code 127, +and the Delete key generates a well-known escape sequence.</para> + <para>Patch Kbd to fix a bug in <command>setfont</command> that is triggered when compiling with GCC-&gcc-version;:</para> @@ -47,6 +56,11 @@ when compiling with GCC-&gcc-version;:</para> <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen> +<note>For some languages, e.g. Belarusian, the Kbd package doesn't provide +a useful keymap (the stock "by" keymap assumes the ISO-8859-5 encoding, +while everybody uses CP1251 instead). Users of such languages +have to download working keymaps separately.</note> + </sect2> <sect2 id="contents-kbd" role="content"><title>Contents of Kbd</title> @@ -274,8 +288,9 @@ pressed on the keyboard</para> <varlistentry id="unicode_start"> <term><command>unicode_start</command></term> <listitem> -<para>Puts the keyboard and console in UNICODE mode. Never use it on LFS, -because applications are not configured to support UNICODE.</para> +<para>Puts the keyboard and console in UNICODE mode. Don't use this program +unless your keymap file is in the ISO-8859-1 encoding. For other encodings, +this utility produces incorrect results.</para> <indexterm zone="ch-system-kbd unicode_start"><primary sortas="b-unicode_start">unicode_start</primary></indexterm> </listitem> </varlistentry> diff --git a/chapter06/man-db.xml b/chapter06/man-db.xml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..13a421a21 --- /dev/null +++ b/chapter06/man-db.xml @@ -0,0 +1,268 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> +<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ + <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> + %general-entities; +]> +<sect1 id="ch-system-man-db" role="wrap"> +<title>Man-DB-&man-db-version;</title> +<?dbhtml filename="man-db.html"?> + +<indexterm zone="ch-system-man-db"><primary sortas="a-Man-DB">Man-DB</primary></indexterm> + +<sect2 role="package"><title/> +<para>The Man-DB package contains programs for finding and viewing man pages.</para> + +<segmentedlist> +<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> +<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle> +<seglistitem><seg>0.1 SBU</seg><seg>1.1 MB</seg></seglistitem> +</segmentedlist> + +<segmentedlist> +<segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle> +<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Gawk, GCC, +Glibc, Gettext, GDBM, Grep, Make, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> +</segmentedlist> +</sect2> + +<sect2 role="installation"> +<title>Installation of Man-DB</title> + +<para>Three adjustments need to be made to the sources of Man-DB.</para> + +<para>The first one changes the location of translated manual pages that come +with Man-DB, in order for them to be accessible in both traditional and +UTF-8 locales:</para> + +<screen><userinput>mv man/de{_DE.88591,} && +mv man/es{_ES.88591,} && +mv man/it{_IT.88591,} && +mv man/ja{_JP.eucJP,} && +sed -i 's,\*_\*,??,' man/Makefile.in</userinput></screen> + +<para>The second change is a sed substitution to delete the +<quote>/usr/man</quote> lines in the +<filename>man_db.conf</filename> file to prevent redundant results when +using programs such as <command>whatis</command>:</para> + +<screen><userinput>sed -i '/\t\/usr\/man/d' src/man_db.conf.in</userinput></screen> + +<para>The third change accounts for programs that Man-DB should be able +to find at runtime, but that haven't been installed yet:</para> + +<screen><userinput>cat >>include/manconfig.h.in <<"EOF" +<literal>#define WEB_BROWSER "exec /usr/bin/lynx" +#define COL "/usr/bin/col" +#define VGRIND "/usr/bin/vgrind" +#define GRAP "/usr/bin/grap"</literal> +EOF</userinput></screen> + +<para>The <command>col</command> program is a part of the Util-linux package, +<command>lynx</command> is a text-based web browser +(see BLFS for installation instructions), +<command>vgrind</command> converts program sources to Groff input, +and <command>grap</command> is useful for typesetting graphs in Groff documents. +The <command>vgrind</command> and <command>grap</command> programs are +not normally needed for viewing manual pages. They are +not part of LFS or BLFS, but you should be able to install them yourself +after finishing LFS if you wish to do so.</para> + +<para>Prepare Man-DB for compilation:</para> + +<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-mb-groff --disable-setuid</userinput></screen> + +<para>The meaning of the configure options:</para> + +<variablelist> +<varlistentry> +<term><parameter>--enable-mb-groff</parameter></term> +<listitem><para>This tells the <command>man</command> program to +use the "ascii8" and "nippon" Groff devices for formatting non-ISO-8859-1 +manual pages.</para></listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term><parameter>--disable-setuid</parameter></term> +<listitem><para>This disables making the <command>man</command> program +setuid to user "man".</para></listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> + +<para>Compile the package:</para> + +<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen> + +<para>Install the package:</para> + +<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen> + +<para>Additional information with regards to the compression of +man and info pages can be found in the BLFS book at +<ulink url="&blfs-root;view/cvs/postlfs/compressdoc.html"/>.</para> + +</sect2> + +<sect2><title>Non-English Manual Pages in LFS</title> + +<para>Linux distributions have different policies concerning the chracter +encoding in which manual pages are stored on the hard disk. E.g., RedHat +stores all manual pages in UTF-8, while Debian uses language-specific +(mostly 8-bit) encodings. This leads to incompatibility of packages with +manual pages designed for different distributions.</para> + +<para>LFS uses the same conventions as Debian. The correspondence between +language codes and the expected encoding of manual pages is listed below. +Man-DB automatically converts them to the locale encoding "on the fly" +while viewing.</para> + +<!-- Origin: man-db-2.4.3/src/encodings.c --> +<table frame='all'><title>Expected character encoding of manual pages</title> +<tgroup cols='2' align='center' colsep='1' rowsep='1'> +<thead> +<row><entry>Language (code)</entry><entry>Encoding</entry></row> +</thead> +<tbody> +<row><entry>Danish (da)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<row><entry>German (de)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<row><entry>English (en)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<row><entry>Spanish (es)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<row><entry>Finnish (fi)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<row><entry>French (fr)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<row><entry>Irish (ga)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<row><entry>Galician (gl)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<row><entry>Indonesian (id)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<row><entry>Icelandic (is)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<row><entry>Italian (it)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<row><entry>Dutch (nl)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<!-- BUG: "no" is deprecated, should use "nb" or "nn" and symlinks --> +<row><entry>Norwegian (no)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<!-- END BUG --> +<row><entry>Portuguese (pt)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<row><entry>Swedish (sv)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-1</entry></row> +<!-- Languages below require patched groff --> +<row><entry>Czech (cs)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-2</entry></row> +<row><entry>Croatian (hr)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-2</entry></row> +<row><entry>Hungarian (hu)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-2</entry></row> +<row><entry>Japanese (ja)</entry><entry>EUC-JP</entry></row> +<row><entry>Korean (ko)</entry><entry>EUC-KR</entry></row> +<row><entry>Polish (pl)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-2</entry></row> +<row><entry>Russian (ru)</entry><entry>KOI8-R</entry></row> +<row><entry>Slovak (sk)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-2</entry></row> +<row><entry>Turkish (tr)</entry><entry>ISO-8859-9</entry></row> +</tbody> +</tgroup> +</table> + +<note><para>Manual pages in languages not in the list are not supported. +Norwegian doesn't work now because of the transition from no_NO to nb_NO +locale, and Korean is non-functional because of incomplete Groff patch. +</para></note> + +<para>If upstream distributes the manual pages in the same encoding as +Man-DB expects, the manual pages can be copied to +<filename class="directory">/usr/share/man/<replaceable>[language code]</replaceable></filename>. +E.g., French manual pages +(<ulink url="http://ccb.club.fr/man/man-fr-1.58.0.tar.bz2"/>) +can be installed with the following command:</para> + +<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -p /usr/share/man/fr && +cp -r man? /usr/share/man/fr</userinput></screen> + +<para>If upstream distributes manual pages in UTF-8 (i.e. "for RedHat") +instead of the encoding listed in the table above, they have to be +downconverted from UTF-8 to the encoding listed in the table before +installation. E.g., Spanish manual pages +(<ulink url="http://ditec.um.es/~piernas/manpages-es/man-pages-es-1.55.tar.bz2"/>) +can be installed with the following commands:</para> + +<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -p /usr/share/man/es && +find man? -type f | \ +grep -v 'man7/iso_8859-2.7' | grep -v 'man7/iso_8859-7.7' | \ +while read F ; do + iconv -f UTF-8 -t ISO-8859-1 $F >tmp ; mv tmp $F +done && +cp -r man? /usr/share/man/es</userinput></screen> + +<note>The need to exclude <filename>man7/iso_8859-2.7</filename> +and <filename>man7/iso_8859-7.7</filename> files from the conversion process +because they are already in ISO-8859-1 is a packaging bug in +man-pages-es-1.55. Future versions should not require this kludge.</note> + +</sect2> + +<sect2 id="contents-man-db" role="content"><title>Contents of Man-DB</title> + +<segmentedlist> +<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> +<seglistitem><seg>accessdb, apropos, catman, lexgrog, man, mandb, manpath, +and whatis</seg></seglistitem> +</segmentedlist> + +<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> +<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> +<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> + + +<varlistentry id="accessdb"> +<term><command>accessdb</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Dumps the <command>whatis</command> database contents in human-readable form.</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-man-db accessdb"><primary sortas="b-accessdb">accessdb</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="apropos"> +<term><command>apropos</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Searches the <command>whatis</command> database and displays the short descriptions +of system commands that contain a given string</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-man-db apropos"><primary sortas="b-apropos">apropos</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="catman"> +<term><command>catman</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Creates or updates the pre-formatted manual pages</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-man-db catman"><primary sortas="b-catman">catman</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="lexgrog"> +<term><command>lexgrog</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Displays one-line summary information about a given manual page.</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-man-db lexgrog"><primary sortas="b-lexgrog">lexgrog</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="man"> +<term><command>man</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Formats and displays the requested on-line man page</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-man-db man"><primary sortas="b-man">man</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="mandb"> +<term><command>mandb</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Creates or updates the <command>whatis</command> database</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-man-db mandb"><primary sortas="b-mandb">mandb</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> + +<varlistentry id="whatis"> +<term><command>whatis</command></term> +<listitem> +<para>Searches the <command>whatis</command> database and displays the short descriptions +of system commands that contain the given keyword as a separate +word</para> +<indexterm zone="ch-system-man-db whatis"><primary sortas="b-whatis">whatis</primary></indexterm> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> + +</sect2> + +</sect1> + diff --git a/chapter06/man.xml b/chapter06/man.xml index 371985d2e..e69de29bb 100644 --- a/chapter06/man.xml +++ b/chapter06/man.xml @@ -1,180 +0,0 @@ -<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> -<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [ - <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> - %general-entities; -]> -<sect1 id="ch-system-man" role="wrap"> -<title>Man-&man-version;</title> -<?dbhtml filename="man.html"?> - -<indexterm zone="ch-system-man"><primary sortas="a-Man">Man</primary></indexterm> - -<sect2 role="package"><title/> -<para>The Man package contains programs for finding and viewing man pages.</para> - -<segmentedlist> -<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> -<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle> -<seglistitem><seg>0.1 SBU</seg><seg>1.3 MB</seg></seglistitem> -</segmentedlist> - -<segmentedlist> -<segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle> -<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Gawk, GCC, -Glibc, Grep, Make, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> -</segmentedlist> -</sect2> - -<sect2 role="installation"> -<title>Installation of Man</title> - -<para>Two adjustments need to be made to the sources of Man.</para> - -<para>The first is a <command>sed</command> substitution to add the -<parameter>-R</parameter> switch to the <envar>PAGER</envar> -variable so that escape sequences are properly handled by Less:</para> - -<screen><userinput>sed -i 's@-is@&R@g' configure</userinput></screen> - -<para>The second is also a <command>sed</command> substitution to comment out the -<quote>MANPATH /usr/man</quote> line in the -<filename>man.conf</filename> file to prevent redundant results when -using programs such as <command>whatis</command>:</para> - -<screen><userinput>sed -i 's@MANPATH./usr/man@#&@g' src/man.conf.in</userinput></screen> - -<para>Prepare Man for compilation:</para> - -<screen><userinput>./configure -confdir=/etc</userinput></screen> - -<para>The meaning of the configure options:</para> - -<variablelist> -<varlistentry> -<term><parameter>-confdir=/etc</parameter></term> -<listitem><para>This tells the <command>man</command> program to look for the -<filename>man.conf</filename> configuration file in the <filename -class="directory">/etc</filename> directory.</para></listitem> -</varlistentry> -</variablelist> - -<para>Compile the package:</para> - -<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen> - -<para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para> - -<para>Install the package:</para> - -<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen> - -<note><para>If you will be working on a terminal that does not support text -attributes such as color and bold, you can disable Select Graphic Rendition -(SGR) escape sequences by editing the <filename>man.conf</filename> file and -adding the <parameter>-c</parameter> option to the <envar>NROFF</envar> -variable. If you use multiple terminal types for one computer it may be better -to selectively add the <envar>GROFF_NO_SGR</envar> environment variable for the -terminals that do not support SGR.</para></note> - -<para>If the character set of the locale uses 8-bit characters, search for the -line beginning with <quote>NROFF</quote> in <filename>/etc/man.conf</filename>, -and verify that it matches the following:</para> - -<screen>NROFF /usr/bin/nroff -Tlatin1 -mandoc</screen> - -<para>Note that <quote>latin1</quote> should be used even if it is not -the character set of the locale. The reason is that, according to the -specification, <command>groff</command> has no means of typesetting -characters outside International Organization for Standards -(ISO) 8859-1 without some strange escape codes. When formatting man -pages, <command>groff</command> thinks that they are in the ISO 8859-1 -encoding and this <parameter>-Tlatin1</parameter> switch tells -<command>groff</command> to use the same encoding for output. Since -<command>groff</command> does no recoding of input characters, the -formatted result is really in the same encoding as input, and therefore -it is usable as the input for a pager.</para> - -<para>This does not solve the problem of a non-working -<command>man2dvi</command> program for localized man pages in -non-ISO 8859-1 locales. Also, it does not work with multibyte -character sets. The first problem does not currently have a solution. -The second issue is not of concern because the LFS installation does -not support multibyte character sets.</para> - -<para>Additional information with regards to the compression of -man and info pages can be found in the BLFS book at -<ulink url="&blfs-root;view/cvs/postlfs/compressdoc.html"/>.</para> - -</sect2> - - -<sect2 id="contents-man" role="content"><title>Contents of Man</title> - -<segmentedlist> -<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> -<seglistitem><seg>apropos, makewhatis, man, -man2dvi, man2html, and whatis</seg></seglistitem> -</segmentedlist> - -<variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> -<?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> -<?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> - -<varlistentry id="apropos"> -<term><command>apropos</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Searches the <command>whatis</command> database and displays the short descriptions -of system commands that contain a given string</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-man apropos"><primary sortas="b-apropos">apropos</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="makewhatis"> -<term><command>makewhatis</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Builds the <command>whatis</command> database; it reads all the man pages -in the <envar>MANPATH</envar> and writes the name and a short description in the -<command>whatis</command> database for each page</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-man makewhatis"><primary sortas="b-makewhatis">makewhatis</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="man"> -<term><command>man</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Formats and displays the requested on-line man page</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-man man"><primary sortas="b-man">man</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="man2dvi"> -<term><command>man2dvi</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Converts a man page into dvi format</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-man man2dvi"><primary sortas="b-man2dvi">man2dvi</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="man2html"> -<term><command>man2html</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Converts a man page into HTML</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-man man2html"><primary sortas="b-man2html">man2html</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="whatis"> -<term><command>whatis</command></term> -<listitem> -<para>Searches the <command>whatis</command> database and displays the short descriptions -of system commands that contain the given keyword as a separate -word</para> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-man whatis"><primary sortas="b-whatis">whatis</primary></indexterm> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> -</variablelist> - -</sect2> - -</sect1> - diff --git a/chapter06/ncurses.xml b/chapter06/ncurses.xml index 50e2bdc33..be459b36d 100644 --- a/chapter06/ncurses.xml +++ b/chapter06/ncurses.xml @@ -28,10 +28,49 @@ Gawk, GCC, Glibc, Grep, Make, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> <sect2 role="installation"> <title>Installation of Ncurses</title> +<!-- Uncomment if using a dated ncurses release instead of a numbered one. + +<para>Since the release of Ncurses-&ncurses-version;, some bugs have been fixed +and features added. The most important news are ....... +To get these fixes and features, apply the rollup patch:</para> + +<screen><userinput>bzcat ../&ncurses-rollup-patch; | patch -Np1</userinput></screen> +--> + +<para>Since the release of Ncurses-&ncurses-version;, a memory leak and some +display bugs were found and fixed upstream. Apply those fixes:</para> + +<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&ncurses-fixes-patch;</userinput></screen> <para>Prepare Ncurses for compilation:</para> -<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --with-shared --without-debug</userinput></screen> +<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --with-shared --without-debug --enable-widec</userinput></screen> + +<para>The meaning of the configure options:</para> + +<variablelist> +<varlistentry> +<term><parameter>--enable-widec</parameter></term> +<listitem><para>This switch causes wide-character libraries +(e.g. <filename class="libraryfile">libncursesw.so.&ncurses-version;</filename>) +to be built instead of normal ones +(e.g. <filename class="libraryfile">libncurses.so.&ncurses-version;</filename>). +Those wide-character libraries are usable in both multibyte and traditional 8-bit +locales, while normal libraries work properly only in 8-bit locales. +Wide-character and normal libraries are source-compatible, but not +binary-compatible.</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<!-- +<varlistentry> +<term><parameter>- -without-cxx-binding</parameter></term> +<listitem><para>This optional switch causes the +<filename class="libraryfile">libncurses++w.a</filename> library +not to be built. Nothing in LFS and BLFS uses this library.</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +--> +</variablelist> <para>Compile the package:</para> @@ -49,18 +88,48 @@ Gawk, GCC, Glibc, Grep, Make, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> <para>Fix a library that should not be executable:</para> -<screen><userinput>chmod -v 644 /usr/lib/libncurses++.a</userinput></screen> +<screen><userinput>chmod -v 644 /usr/lib/libncurses++w.a</userinput></screen> <para>Move the libraries to the <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> directory, where they are expected to reside:</para> -<screen><userinput>mv -v /usr/lib/libncurses.so.5* /lib</userinput></screen> - -<para>Because the libraries have been moved, a few symlinks point to -non-existent files. Recreate those symlinks:</para> - -<screen><userinput>ln -sfv ../../lib/libncurses.so.5 /usr/lib/libncurses.so -ln -sfv libncurses.so /usr/lib/libcurses.so</userinput></screen> +<screen><userinput>mv -v /usr/lib/libncursesw.so.5* /lib</userinput></screen> + +<para>Because the libraries have been moved, one symlink points to +a non-existent file. Recreate it:</para> + +<screen><userinput>ln -sfv ../../lib/libncursesw.so.5 /usr/lib/libncursesw.so</userinput></screen> + +<para>Many applications still expect the linker to be able to find +non-wide-character Ncurses libraries. Trick such applications into linking with +wide-character libraries by means of symlinks and linker scripts:</para> + +<screen><userinput>for lib in curses ncurses form panel menu ; do \ + rm -vf /usr/lib/lib${lib}.so ; \ + echo "INPUT(-l${lib}w)" >/usr/lib/lib${lib}.so ; \ + ln -sfv lib${lib}w.a /usr/lib/lib${lib}.a ; \ +done && +ln -sfv libncurses++w.a /usr/lib/libncurses++.a</userinput></screen> + +<para>Finally, make sure that really old applications that look for +<filename class="libaryfile">-lcurses</filename> at build time are still +buildable:</para> + +<screen><userinput>echo "INPUT(-lncursesw)" >/usr/lib/libcursesw.so && +ln -sfv libncurses.so /usr/lib/libcurses.so && +ln -sfv libncursesw.a /usr/lib/libcursesw.a && +ln -sfv libncurses.a /usr/lib/libcurses.a</userinput></screen> + +<note><para>The instructions above don't create non-wide-character Ncurses +libraries since nothing in LFS and BLFS would link against them at runtime. +If you must have such libraries because of some binary-only application, +build them with the following commands:</para> +<screen role="nodump"><userinput>make distclean && +./configure --prefix=/usr --with-shared --without-normal \ + --without-debug --without-cxx-binding && +make sources libs && +cp -av lib/lib*.so.5* /usr/lib</userinput></screen> +</note> </sect2> @@ -71,8 +140,10 @@ ln -sfv libncurses.so /usr/lib/libcurses.so</userinput></screen> <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle> <seglistitem><seg>captoinfo (link to tic), clear, infocmp, infotocap (link to tic), reset (link to tset), tack, tic, toe, tput, and tset</seg> -<seg>libcurses.[a,so] (link to libncurses.[a,so]), libform.[a,so], libmenu.[a,so], -libncurses++.a, libncurses.[a,so], and libpanel.[a,so]</seg></seglistitem> +<seg>libcursesw.[a,so] (symlink and linker script to libncursesw.[a,so]), +libformw.[a,so], libmenuw.[a,so], +libncurses++w.a, libncursesw.[a,so], libpanelw.[a,so] and their +non-wide-character counterparts without "w" in the library names.</seg></seglistitem> </segmentedlist> <variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> @@ -212,4 +283,3 @@ menu displayed during the kernel's <command>make menuconfig</command></para> </sect2> </sect1> - diff --git a/chapter06/readline.xml b/chapter06/readline.xml index 5d4e08c29..235f38e8c 100644 --- a/chapter06/readline.xml +++ b/chapter06/readline.xml @@ -43,7 +43,9 @@ GCC, Glibc, Grep, Make, Ncurses, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> <varlistentry> <term><parameter>SHLIB_LIBS=-lncurses</parameter></term> <listitem><para>This option forces Readline to link against the -<filename class="libraryfile">libncurses</filename> library.</para></listitem> +<filename class="libraryfile">libncurses</filename> +(really, <filename class="libraryfile">libncursesw</filename>) +library.</para></listitem> </varlistentry> </variablelist> diff --git a/chapter06/sysklogd.xml b/chapter06/sysklogd.xml index fb422e1c8..c7b1176ff 100644 --- a/chapter06/sysklogd.xml +++ b/chapter06/sysklogd.xml @@ -33,6 +33,12 @@ Sysklogd with Linux 2.6 series kernels</para> <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&sysklogd-fixes-patch;</userinput></screen> +<para>The following patch makes sysklogd treat bytes in the 0x80--0x9f range +literally in the messages being logged, instead of replacing them with octal +codes. Such replacement caused damage to messages in UTF-8 encoding.</para> + +<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&sysklogd-8bit-patch;</userinput></screen> + <para>Compile the package:</para> <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen> diff --git a/chapter06/sysvinit.xml b/chapter06/sysvinit.xml index a322e69ec..a82fdd9a8 100644 --- a/chapter06/sysvinit.xml +++ b/chapter06/sysvinit.xml @@ -84,26 +84,15 @@ ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now su:S016:once:/sbin/sulogin -1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty1 9600 -2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty2 9600 -3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty3 9600 -4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty4 9600 -5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty5 9600 -6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty6 9600 +1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty1 9600 +2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty2 9600 +3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty3 9600 +4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty4 9600 +5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty5 9600 +6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty6 9600 # End /etc/inittab</literal> EOF</userinput></screen> - -<para>The <parameter>-I '\033(K'</parameter> option tells -<command>agetty</command> to send this escape sequence to the terminal -before doing anything else. This escape sequence switches the console -character set to a user-defined one, which can be modified by running -the <command>setfont</command> program. The <command>console</command> -initscript from the LFS-Bootscripts package calls the <command>setfont</command> -program during system startup. Sending this escape sequence is -necessary for people who use non-ISO 8859-1 screen fonts, but it does -not affect native English speakers.</para> - </sect2> diff --git a/chapter06/texinfo.xml b/chapter06/texinfo.xml index fc3138517..0a1ff24c7 100644 --- a/chapter06/texinfo.xml +++ b/chapter06/texinfo.xml @@ -29,6 +29,14 @@ Diffutils, GCC, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Ncurses, and Sed</seg></seglistitem> <sect2 role="installation"> <title>Installation of Texinfo</title> +<para>The <command>info</command> program makes assumptions such as "a string +occupies the same number of character cells on the screen and bytes in memory" +and "one can break the string anywhere" that are incorrect in UTF-8 locales. +While the patch below is not the proper solution, it at least hides the problem +by falling back to English messages when a multibyte locale is in use:</para> + +<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&texinfo-multibyte-patch;</userinput></screen> + <para>Texinfo allows local users to overwrite arbitrary files via a symlink attack on temporary files. Apply the following patch to fix this:</para> diff --git a/chapter06/udev.xml b/chapter06/udev.xml index 3d89e3187..8b77b1b58 100644 --- a/chapter06/udev.xml +++ b/chapter06/udev.xml @@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ the configuration files here:</para> <screen><userinput>install -m644 -D -v docs/writing_udev_rules/index.html /usr/share/doc/udev-&udev-version;/index.html</userinput></screen> +<!-- Not for the LiveCD --> <!-- Edit Me --> <para>Run the <command>udevstart</command> program to create our full complement of device nodes.</para> diff --git a/chapter06/vim.xml b/chapter06/vim.xml index 2083d4786..bd21f2f32 100644 --- a/chapter06/vim.xml +++ b/chapter06/vim.xml @@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ class="directory">/etc</filename>:</para> <variablelist> <varlistentry> <term><parameter>--enable-multibyte</parameter></term> -<listitem><para>This optional but highly recommended switch enables support for +<listitem><para>This switch enables support for editing files in multibyte character encodings. This is needed if using a locale with a multibyte character set. This switch is also helpful to be able to edit text files initially created in Linux distributions like Fedora Core that @@ -75,6 +75,18 @@ redirecting the output to a log file.</para> <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen> +<para>In UTF-8 locales, the <command>vimtutor</command> program +tries to convert the tutorials from ISO-8859-1 to UTF-8. Since +some tutorials are not in ISO-8859-1, the text in them is thus made unreadable. +If you unpacked the <filename>vim-&vim-version;-lang.tar.gz</filename> +archive and are going to use a UTF-8 based locale, remove non-ISO-8859-1 +tutorials. An English tutorial will be used instead.</para> +<!-- Removal is used instead of conversion in order for the user to be able to +painlessly revert his UTF-8 locale choice. --> + +<screen><userinput>rm -f /usr/share/vim/vim64/tutor/tutor.{gr,pl,ru,sk} +rm -f /usr/share/vim/vim64/tutor/tutor.??.*</userinput></screen> + <para>Many users are used to using <command>vi</command> instead of <command>vim</command>. To allow execution of <command>vim</command> when users habitually enter <command>vi</command>, create a diff --git a/chapter07/bootscripts.xml b/chapter07/bootscripts.xml index 775215e7e..6e884ac77 100644 --- a/chapter07/bootscripts.xml +++ b/chapter07/bootscripts.xml @@ -47,6 +47,12 @@ <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen> + <para>The <command>console</command> script that comes with + LFS-Bootscripts-&lfs-bootscripts-version; doesn't support Unicode. Install + a replacement version:</para> + +<screen><userinput>install -m755 ../console /etc/rc.d/init.d</userinput></screen> + </sect2> <sect2 id="contents-bootscripts" role="content"> diff --git a/chapter07/console.xml b/chapter07/console.xml index 315112366..b0b9417a3 100644 --- a/chapter07/console.xml +++ b/chapter07/console.xml @@ -17,96 +17,207 @@ <para>This section discusses how to configure the <command>console</command> bootscript that sets up the keyboard map and the console font. If non-ASCII - characters (e.g., the British pound sign and Euro character) will not be used - and the keyboard is a U.S. one, skip this section. Without the configuration - file, the <command>console</command> bootscript will do nothing.</para> + characters (e.g., the copyright sign, the British pound sign and Euro symbol) + will not be used and the keyboard is a U.S. one, skip this section. Without + the configuration file, the <command>console</command> bootscript will do + nothing.</para> <para>The <command>console</command> script reads the <filename>/etc/sysconfig/console</filename> file for configuration information. Decide which keymap and screen font will be used. Various language-specific - HOWTO's can also help with this (see <ulink - url="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/HOWTO-INDEX/other-lang.html"/>. A pre-made - <filename>/etc/sysconfig/console</filename> file with known settings for several - countries was installed with the LFS-Bootscripts package, so the relevant - section can be uncommented if the country is supported. If still in doubt, look - in the <filename class="directory">/usr/share/kbd</filename> directory for valid - keymaps and screen fonts. Read <filename>loadkeys(1)</filename> and - <filename>setfont(8)</filename> to determine the correct arguments for - these programs. Once decided, create the configuration file with the following - command:</para> - -<screen><userinput>cat >/etc/sysconfig/console <<"EOF" -<literal>KEYMAP="<replaceable>[arguments for loadkeys]</replaceable>" -FONT="<replaceable>[arguments for setfont]</replaceable>"</literal> + HOWTO's can also help with this, see <ulink + url="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/HOWTO-INDEX/other-lang.html"/>. If still in + doubt, look in the <filename class="directory">/usr/share/kbd</filename> + directory for valid keymaps and screen fonts. Read + <filename>loadkeys(1)</filename> and <filename>setfont(8)</filename> manual + pages to determine the correct arguments for these programs.</para> + + <para>The <filename>/etc/sysconfig/console</filename> file should contain lines + of the form: VARIABLE="value". The following variables are recognized:</para> + + <variablelist> + + <varlistentry> + <term>KEYMAP</term> + <listitem> + <para>This variable specifies the arguments for the + <command>loadkeys</command> program, typically, the name of keymap + to load, e.g. "es". If this variable is not set, the bootscript will + not run the <command>loadkeys</command> program, and the default kernel + keymap will be used.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>KEYMAP_CORRECTIONS</term> + <listitem> + <para>This (rarely used) variable + specifies the arguments for the second call to the + <command>loadkeys</command> program. This is useful if the stock keymap + is not completely satisfactory and a small adjustment has to be made. E.g., + to include the Euro sign into a keymap that normally doesn't have it, + set this variable to "euro2".</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>FONT</term> + <listitem> + <para>This variable specifies the arguments for the + <command>setfont</command> program. Typically, this includes the font + name, "-m", and the name of the application character map to load. + E.g., in order to load the "lat1-16" font together with the "8859-1" + application character map, set this variable to "lat1-16 -m 8859-1". + If this variable is not set, the bootscript will not run the + <command>setfont</command> program, and the default VGA font will be + used together with the default application character map.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>UNICODE</term> + <listitem> + <para>Set this variable to "1", "yes" or "true" in order to put the + console into UTF-8 mode. This is useful in UTF-8 based locales and + harmful otherwise.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>LEGACY_CHARSET</term> + <listitem> + <para>For many keyboard layouts, there is no stock Unicode keymap in + the Kbd package. The <command>console</command> bootscript will + convert an available keymap to UTF-8 on the fly if this variable is + set to the encoding of the available non-UTF-8 keymap. Note, however, + that dead keys and composing will not work in UTF-8 mode without the + special kernel patch.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>BROKEN_COMPOSE</term> + <listitem> + <para>Set this to "0" if you are going to apply that kernel patch in + Chapter 8. Note that you also have to add the character set expected + by composition rules in your keymap to the FONT variable after the + "-m" switch.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + </variablelist> + + <para>Support for compiling the keymap directly into the kernel has been + removed because there were reports that it leads to incorrect results.</para> + + <para>Some examples:</para> + + <itemizedlist> + + <listitem> + <para>For a non-Unicode setup, only the KEYMAP and FONT variables are + generally needed. E.g., for a Polish setup, one would use:</para> + +<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/console << "EOF" +<literal># Begin /etc/sysconfig/console + +KEYMAP="pl2" +FONT="lat2a-16 -m 8859-2" + +# End /etc/sysconfig/console</literal> EOF</userinput></screen> + </listitem> - <para>For example, for Spanish users who also want to use the Euro - character (accessible by pressing AltGr+E), the following settings are - correct:</para> + <listitem> + <para>As mentioned above, it is sometimes necessary to adjust a + stock keymap slightly. The following example adds the Euro symbol to the + German keymap:</para> -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat >/etc/sysconfig/console <<"EOF" -<literal>KEYMAP="es euro2" -FONT="lat9-16 -u iso01"</literal> +<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/console << "EOF" +<literal># Begin /etc/sysconfig/console + +KEYMAP="de-latin1" +KEYMAP_CORRECTIONS="euro2" +FONT="lat0-16 -m 8859-15" + +# End /etc/sysconfig/console</literal> EOF</userinput></screen> + </listitem> - <note> - <para>The <envar>FONT</envar> line above is correct only for the ISO 8859-15 - character set. If using ISO 8859-1 and, therefore, a pound sign - instead of Euro, the correct <envar>FONT</envar> line would be:</para> + <listitem> + <para>Here is a Unicode-enabled example for Bulgarian, where a stock + UTF-8 keymap exists and defines no dead keys or composition rules:</para> -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>FONT="lat1-16"</userinput></screen> - </note> +<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/console << "EOF" +<literal># Begin /etc/sysconfig/console + +UNICODE="1" +KEYMAP="bg_bds-utf8" +FONT="LatArCyrHeb-16" - <para>If the <envar>KEYMAP</envar> or <envar>FONT</envar> variable is not set, - the <command>console</command> initscript will not run the corresponding - program.</para> - - <para>In some keymaps, the Backspace and Delete keys send characters different - from ones in the default keymap built into the kernel. This confuses some - applications. For example, Emacs displays its help (instead of erasing the - character before the cursor) when Backspace is pressed. To check if the keymap - in use is affected (this works only for i386 keymaps):</para> - -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>zgrep '\W14\W' <replaceable>[/path/to/your/keymap]</replaceable></userinput></screen> - - <para>If the keycode 14 is Backspace instead of Delete, create the - following keymap snippet to fix this issue:</para> - -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>mkdir -pv /etc/kbd && cat > /etc/kbd/bs-sends-del <<"EOF" -<literal> keycode 14 = Delete Delete Delete Delete - alt keycode 14 = Meta_Delete - altgr alt keycode 14 = Meta_Delete - keycode 111 = Remove - altgr control keycode 111 = Boot - control alt keycode 111 = Boot -altgr control alt keycode 111 = Boot</literal> +# End /etc/sysconfig/console</literal> +EOF</userinput></screen> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para>Due to the use of a 512-glyph LatArCyrHeb-16 font in the previous + example, bright colors are no longer available on the Linux console unless + a framebuffer is used. If one wants to have bright colors without + framebuffer and can live without characters not belonging to his language, + it is still possible to use a language-specific 256-glyph font, as + illustrated below. This would, however, also break single quotes in manual + pages.</para> + + <!-- And even with the LatArCyrHeb-16 font, copying-and-pasting produces + non-ASCII variants of opening and closing single quote instead of ` and '. + Maybe another sed has to be added to groff instructions that will remove + both issues. --> + +<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/console << "EOF" +<literal># Begin /etc/sysconfig/console + +UNICODE="1" +KEYMAP="bg_bds-utf8" +FONT="cyr-sun16" + +# End /etc/sysconfig/console</literal> EOF</userinput></screen> + </listitem> - <para>Tell the <command>console</command> script to load this - snippet after the main keymap:</para> + <listitem> + <para>The following example illustrates keymap autoconversion from + ISO-8859-15 to UTF-8 and enabling dead keys in Unicode mode:</para> -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat >>/etc/sysconfig/console <<"EOF" -<literal>KEYMAP_CORRECTIONS="/etc/kbd/bs-sends-del"</literal> +<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat > /etc/sysconfig/console << "EOF" +<literal># Begin /etc/sysconfig/console + +UNICODE="1" +KEYMAP="de-latin1" +KEYMAP_CORRECTIONS="euro2" +LEGACY_CHARSET="iso-8859-15" +BROKEN_COMPOSE="0" +FONT="LatArCyrHeb-16 -m 8859-15" + +# End /etc/sysconfig/console</literal> EOF</userinput></screen> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para>For Chinese, Japanese, Korean and some other languages, the Linux + console cannot be configured to display the needed characters. Users + who need such languages should install the X Window System, fonts that + cover the necessary character ranges, and the proper input Method (e.g. + SCIM, it supports a wide variety of languages).</para> + </listitem> - <para>To compile the keymap directly into the kernel instead of - setting it every time from the <command>console</command> bootscript, - follow the instructions given in <xref linkend="ch-bootable-kernel" role="."/> - Doing this ensures that the keyboard will always work as expected, - even when booting into maintenance mode (by passing - <parameter>init=/bin/sh</parameter> to the kernel), because the - <command>console</command> bootscript will not be run in that - situation. Additionally, the kernel will not set the screen font - automatically. This should not pose many problems because ASCII characters - will be handled correctly, and it is unlikely that a user would need - to rely on non-ASCII characters while in maintenance mode.</para> - - <para>Since the kernel will set up the keymap, it is possible to omit - the <envar>KEYMAP</envar> variable from the - <filename>/etc/sysconfig/console</filename> configuration file. It can - also be left in place, if desired, without consequence. Keeping it - could be beneficial if running several different kernels where it is - difficult to ensure that the keymap is compiled into every one of - them.</para> + </itemizedlist> + + <!-- Added because folks keep posting their console file with X questions + to blfs-support list --> + <note> + <para>The <filename>/etc/sysconfig/console</filename> file only controls + Linux text console localization. It has nothing to do with setting the proper + keyboard layout and terminal fonts in X Window System.</para> + </note> </sect1> diff --git a/chapter07/profile.xml b/chapter07/profile.xml index dd53a5141..ae7617ba7 100644 --- a/chapter07/profile.xml +++ b/chapter07/profile.xml @@ -69,17 +69,19 @@ for the desired language (e.g., <quote>en</quote>) and <replaceable>[CC]</replaceable> with the two-letter code for the appropriate country (e.g., <quote>GB</quote>). <replaceable>[charmap]</replaceable> should - be replaced with the canonical charmap for your chosen locale.</para> + be replaced with the canonical charmap for your chosen locale. Optional + modifiers such as <quote>@euro</quote> may also be present.</para> <para>The list of all locales supported by Glibc can be obtained by running the following command:</para> <screen role="nodump"><userinput>locale -a</userinput></screen> - <para>Locales can have a number of synonyms, e.g. <quote>ISO-8859-1</quote> + <para>Charmaps can have a number of aliases, e.g. <quote>ISO-8859-1</quote> is also referred to as <quote>iso8859-1</quote> and <quote>iso88591</quote>. - Some applications cannot handle the various synonyms correctly, so it is - safest to choose the canonical name for a particular locale. To determine + Some applications cannot handle the various synonyms correctly (e.g. require + that "UTF-8" is written as "UTF-8", not "utf8"), so it is safest in most + cases to choose the canonical name for a particular locale. To determine the canonical name, run the following command, where <replaceable>[locale name]</replaceable> is the output given by <command>locale -a</command> for your preferred locale (<quote>en_GB.iso88591</quote> in our example).</para> @@ -115,6 +117,7 @@ LC_ALL=[locale name] locale int_prefix</userinput></screen> Further instructions assume that there are no such error messages from Glibc.</para> + <!-- FIXME: the xlib example will became obsolete real soon --> <para>Some packages beyond LFS may also lack support for your chosen locale. One example is the X library (part of the X Window System), which outputs the following error message:</para> @@ -139,23 +142,43 @@ LC_ALL=[locale name] locale int_prefix</userinput></screen> <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/profile << "EOF" <literal># Begin /etc/profile -export LANG=<replaceable>[ll]</replaceable>_<replaceable>[CC]</replaceable>.<replaceable>[charmap]</replaceable> +export LANG=<replaceable>[ll]</replaceable>_<replaceable>[CC]</replaceable>.<replaceable>[charmap]</replaceable><replaceable>[@modifiers]</replaceable> export INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc # End /etc/profile</literal> EOF</userinput></screen> + <para>The <quote>C</quote> (default) and <quote>en_US</quote> (the recommended + one for United States English users) locales are different. <quote>C</quote> + uses the US-ASCII 7-bit character set, and treats bytes with the high bit set + as invalid characters. That's why, e.g., the <command>ls</command> command + substitutes them with question marks in that locale. Also, an attempt to send + mail with such characters from Mutt or Pine results in non-RFC-conforming + messages being set (the charset in the outgoing mail is indicatsed as "unknown + 8-bit"). So you can use the <quote>C</quote> locale only if you are sure that + you will never need 8-bit characters.</para> + + <para>UTF-8 based locales are not supported well by many programs. E.g., the + <command>watch</command> program displays only ASCII characters in UTF-8 + locales and has no such restriction in traditional 8-bit locales like en_US. + Without patches and/or installing software beyond BLFS, in UTF-8 based locales + you will not be able to do such basic tasks as printing plain-text files from + the command line, recording Windows-readable CDs with filenames containing + non-ASCII characters, viewing ID3v1 tags in MP3 files and so on. It is also + impossible (without damaging non-ASCII characters) to connect using ssh from + the system using a UTF-8 based locale to a host that still uses a traditional + 8-bit locale, and vice versa. In short, use UTF-8 only if you are going to + use KDE or GNOME and never open the terminal, or if you are going to tolerate + bugs.</para> + <!-- All abovementioned problems except "watch" have a known fix beyond BLFS --> + <note> - <para>The <quote>C</quote> (default) and <quote>en_US</quote> (the - recommended one for United States English users) locales are different.</para> + <para>Bug reports reproducible only in UTF-8 locales and for which there + is no patch or other fix mentioned in the report, will be closed immediately, + without investigation, with the "WONTFIX" resolution and a "don't use this + program or revert to non-UTF-8 locale" comment. Patches that have ill + effects in non-UTF-8 locales (other than replacement of translated program + messages with English ones) will be rejected.</para> </note> - <para>Setting the keyboard layout, screen font, and locale-related environment - variables are the only internationalization steps needed to support locales - that use ordinary single-byte encodings and left-to-right writing direction. - More complex cases (including UTF-8 based locales) require additional steps - and additional patches because many applications tend to not work properly - under such conditions. These steps and patches are not included in the LFS - book and such locales are not yet supported by LFS.</para> - </sect1> diff --git a/chapter08/fstab.xml b/chapter08/fstab.xml index 439057b4f..1487bbbea 100644 --- a/chapter08/fstab.xml +++ b/chapter08/fstab.xml @@ -65,4 +65,43 @@ EOF</userinput></screen> <filename>usbcore</filename> must be listed in <filename>/etc/sysconfig/modules</filename>.</para> + <para>Filesystems with MS-DOS or Windows origin (i.e.: vfat, ntfs, smbfs, cifs, + iso9660, udf) need the <quote>iocharset</quote> mount option in order for + non-ASCII characters in file names to be interpreted properly. The value + of this option should be the same as the character set of your locale, + adjusted in such a way that the kernel understands it. This works if the + relevant character set definition (found under File systems -> + Native Language Support) has been compiled into the kernel + or built as a module. The <quote>codepage</quote> option is also needed for + vfat and smbfs filesystems. It + should be set to the codepage number used under MS-DOS in your country. E.g., + in order to mount USB flash drives, a ru_RU.KOI8-R user would need the + following line in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>:</para> + +<screen>/dev/sda1 /media/flash vfat noauto,user,quiet,showexec,iocharset=koi8r,codepage=866 0 0</screen> + + <para>The corresponding line for ru_RU.UTF-8 users is:</para> + +<screen>/dev/sda1 /media/flash vfat noauto,user,quiet,showexec,iocharset=utf8,codepage=866 0 0</screen> + + <note><para>In the latter case, the kernel emits the following message:</para> + +<screen><computeroutput>FAT: utf8 is not a recommended IO charset for FAT filesystems, filesystem will be case sensitive!</computeroutput></screen> + + <para>This negative recommendation should be ignored, since all other values + of the <quote>iocharset</quote> option result in wrong display of filenames in + UTF-8 locales.</para></note> + + <para>It is also possible to specify default codepage and iocharset values for + some filesystems during kernel configuration, the relevant parameters + are named + <quote>Default NLS Option</quote> (CONFIG_NLS_DEFAULT), + <quote>Default Remote NLS Option</quote> (CONFIG_SMB_NLS_DEFAULT), + <quote>Default codepage for FAT</quote> (CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_CODEPAGE), and + <quote>Default iocharset for FAT</quote> (CONFIG_FAT_DEFAULT_IOCHARSET). + There is no way to specify these settings for the + ntfs filesystem at kernel compilation time.</para> + <!-- Personally, I find it more foolproof to always specify the iocharset and + codepage in /etc/fstab for MS-based filesystems - Alexander E. Patrakov --> + </sect1> diff --git a/chapter08/kernel.xml b/chapter08/kernel.xml index fcac33a39..4b9f0bcfd 100644 --- a/chapter08/kernel.xml +++ b/chapter08/kernel.xml @@ -48,6 +48,13 @@ in the kernel source tree for alternative methods to the way this book configures the kernel.</para> + <para>By default, Linux kernel generates wrong sequences of bytes when + dead keys are used in UTF-8 keyboard mode. Also, one cannot copy and paste + non-ASCII characters when UTF-8 mode is aciive. Fix these issues with the + patch:</para> + +<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&linux-utf8-patch;</userinput></screen> + <para>Prepare for compilation by running the following command:</para> <screen><userinput>make mrproper</userinput></screen> @@ -57,14 +64,7 @@ kernel compilation. Do not rely on the source tree being clean after un-tarring.</para> - <para>If, in <xref linkend="ch-scripts-console" role=","/> it was decided to - compile the keymap into the kernel, issue the command below:</para> - -<screen role="nodump"><userinput>loadkeys -m /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/<replaceable>[path to keymap]</replaceable> > \ - drivers/char/defkeymap.c</userinput></screen> - - <para>For example, if using a Dutch keyboard, use - <filename>/usr/share/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty/nl.map.gz</filename>.</para> + <!-- Support for compiling a keymap into the kernel is deliberately removed --> <para>Configure the kernel via a menu-driven interface. BLFS has some information regarding particular kernel configuration requirements of diff --git a/general.ent b/general.ent index c7a92b259..b9538002e 100644 --- a/general.ent +++ b/general.ent @@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ <!ENTITY alpha-gnu "ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/"> <!ENTITY kernel "http://www.kernel.org/pub/"> <!ENTITY sourceforge "http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/"> +<!ENTITY alexpatches "&lfs-root;~alexander/patches/"> <!ENTITY % patches-entities SYSTEM "patches.ent"> %patches-entities; @@ -44,10 +45,12 @@ <!ENTITY flex-version "2.5.31"> <!ENTITY gawk-version "3.1.5"> <!ENTITY gcc-version "4.0.2"> +<!ENTITY gdbm-version "1.8.3"> <!ENTITY gettext-version "0.14.5"> <!ENTITY glibc-version "2.3.6"> <!ENTITY grep-version "2.5.1a"> -<!ENTITY groff-version "1.19.2"> +<!ENTITY groff-version "1.18.1.1"> +<!ENTITY groff-patchlevel "10"> <!ENTITY grub-version "0.97"> <!ENTITY gzip-version "1.3.5"> <!ENTITY hotplug-version "2004_09_23"> @@ -63,11 +66,12 @@ <!ENTITY linux-libc-headers-version "2.6.12.0"> <!ENTITY m4-version "1.4.4"> <!ENTITY make-version "3.80"> -<!ENTITY man-version "1.6b"> +<!ENTITY man-db-version "2.4.3"> <!ENTITY man-pages-version "2.17"> <!ENTITY mktemp-version "1.5"> <!ENTITY module-init-tools-version "3.2.2"> <!ENTITY ncurses-version "5.5"> +<!-- <!ENTITY ncurses-date "20050319"> --> <!ENTITY patch-version "2.5.4"> <!ENTITY perl-version "5.8.7"> <!ENTITY procps-version "3.2.6"> diff --git a/patches.ent b/patches.ent index 4d1331cd2..1f4fafa50 100644 --- a/patches.ent +++ b/patches.ent @@ -1,12 +1,15 @@ <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <!-- Start of Common Patches --> -<!ENTITY bzip2-docs-patch "bzip2-&bzip2-version;-install_docs-1.patch"> <!ENTITY bzip2-bzgrep-patch "bzip2-&bzip2-version;-bzgrep_security-1.patch"> +<!ENTITY bzip2-docs-patch "bzip2-&bzip2-version;-install_docs-1.patch"> +<!ENTITY coreutils-i18n-patch "coreutils-&coreutils-version;-i18n-1.patch"> <!ENTITY coreutils-suppress-patch "coreutils-&coreutils-version;-suppress_uptime_kill_su-1.patch"> <!ENTITY coreutils-uname-patch "coreutils-&coreutils-version;-uname-1.patch"> +<!ENTITY diffutils-i18n-patch "diffutils-&diffutils-version;-i18n-1.patch"> + <!ENTITY expect-spawn-patch "expect-&expect-version;-spawn-1.patch"> <!ENTITY flex-fixes-patch "flex-&flex-version;-debian_fixes-3.patch"> @@ -15,24 +18,37 @@ <!ENTITY gcc-specs-patch "gcc-&gcc-version;-specs-1.patch"> +<!ENTITY grep-fixes-patch "grep-&grep-version;-redhat_fixes-2.patch"> + +<!ENTITY groff-debian-patch "groff_&groff-version;-&groff-patchlevel;.diff.gz"> + <!ENTITY gzip-security_fix-patch "gzip-&gzip-version;-security_fixes-1.patch"> +<!ENTITY kbd-backspace-patch "kbd-&kbd-version;-backspace-1.patch"> <!ENTITY kbd-gcc4_fixes-patch "kbd-&kbd-version;-gcc4_fixes-1.patch"> <!ENTITY inetutils-gcc4_fixes-patch "inetutils-&inetutils-version;-gcc4_fixes-3.patch"> <!ENTITY inetutils-man_pages-patch "inetutils-&inetutils-version;-no_server_man_pages-1.patch"> +<!ENTITY linux-utf8-patch "linux-&linux-version;-utf8_input-2.patch"> + <!ENTITY mktemp-tempfile-patch "mktemp-&mktemp-version;-add_tempfile-3.patch"> +<!ENTITY ncurses-fixes-patch "ncurses-&ncurses-version;-fixes-1.patch"> +<!-- <!ENTITY ncurses-rollup-patch "ncurses-&ncurses-version;-&ncurses-date;-patch.sh.bz2"> --> + <!ENTITY perl-libc-patch "perl-&perl-version;-libc-1.patch"> +<!ENTITY sysklogd-8bit-patch "sysklogd-&sysklogd-version;-8bit-1.patch"> + <!ENTITY shadow-configure-patch "shadow-&shadow-version;-configure_fix-1.patch"> <!ENTITY sysklogd-fixes-patch "sysklogd-&sysklogd-version;-fixes-1.patch"> -<!ENTITY tar-sparse_fix-patch "tar-&tar-version;-sparse_fix-1.patch"> <!ENTITY tar-gcc4_fix-patch "tar-&tar-version;-gcc4_fix_tests-1.patch"> +<!ENTITY tar-sparse_fix-patch "tar-&tar-version;-sparse_fix-1.patch"> -<!ENTITY texinfo-tempfile_fix-patch "texinfo-&texinfo-version;-tempfile_fix-2.patch"> +<!ENTITY texinfo-multibyte-patch "texinfo-&texinfo-version;-multibyte-2.patch"> +<!ENTITY texinfo-tempfile_fix-patch "texinfo-&texinfo-version;-tempfile_fix-1.patch"> <!ENTITY util-linux-cramfs-patch "util-linux-&util-linux-version;-cramfs-1.patch"> |