diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | appendixa/sysvinit-desc.xml | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter01/conventions.xml | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter02/install.xml | 12 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter03/introduction.xml | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter05/whystatic.xml | 9 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/changingowner.xml | 14 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/chroot.xml | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/config-shadowpwd.xml | 12 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/config-vim.xml | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/creatingdirs.xml | 10 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/glibc-exp.xml | 5 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/kernel-exp-headers.xml | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/makedev-exp.xml | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/makedev-inst.xml | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/nettools-inst.xml | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/psmisc-inst.xml | 8 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter07/network.xml | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter07/usage.xml | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter09/theend.xml | 12 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | index.xml | 4 |
20 files changed, 63 insertions, 63 deletions
diff --git a/appendixa/sysvinit-desc.xml b/appendixa/sysvinit-desc.xml index 607d227ef..a8375f828 100644 --- a/appendixa/sysvinit-desc.xml +++ b/appendixa/sysvinit-desc.xml @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ notified that the system is going down, and login is blocked.</para></sect4> <para>sulogin is invoked by init when the system goes into single user mode (this is done through an entry in /etc/inittab). Init also tries to execute sulogin when it is passed the -b flag from the boot loader -(e.g., LILO).</para></sect4> +(LILO, for example).</para></sect4> <sect4><title>telinit</title> <para>telinit sends appropriate signals to init, telling it which runlevel to diff --git a/chapter01/conventions.xml b/chapter01/conventions.xml index b944d0596..c50b3c71d 100644 --- a/chapter01/conventions.xml +++ b/chapter01/conventions.xml @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ show filenames such as <filename>/etc/lilo.conf</filename></para></blockquote> <para><emphasis>Emphasis</emphasis></para> <blockquote><para>This form of text is used for several purposes in the -book but mainly to emphasize important points or to give examples as to +book, mainly to emphasize important points, and to give examples of what to type.</para></blockquote> <para><ulink url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/"/></para> diff --git a/chapter02/install.xml b/chapter02/install.xml index 4fbb404a0..b5330e91e 100644 --- a/chapter02/install.xml +++ b/chapter02/install.xml @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ <para>Before you start using the LFS book, we should point out that all of the commands here assume that you are using the bash shell. If you -aren't, the commands may work but we can't guarantee it. If you want a +aren't, the commands may work, but we can't guarantee it. If you want a simple life, use bash.</para> <para>Before you can actually start doing something with a package, you need @@ -30,11 +30,11 @@ running:</para> <para><screen><userinput>bzcat filename.tar.bz2 | tar xv</userinput></screen></para> -<para>Some tar programs (most of them nowadays but not all of them) are -slightly modified to be able to use bzip2 files directly using either -the I, the y or the j tar parameter, which works the same as the z tar -parameter to handle gzip archives. The above construction works no matter how -your host system decided to patch bzip2.</para> +<para>Nowadays most tar programs, but not all, are +patched to be able to use bzip2 files directly. They use either +the -I, the -y, or the -j parameter, which work the same as the -z +parameter for handling gzip files. The above construction, however, +works no matter how your host system decided to patch tar.</para> <para>If a file is just tar'ed, it is unpacked by running:</para> diff --git a/chapter03/introduction.xml b/chapter03/introduction.xml index a2ee05dc9..bef31fb9d 100644 --- a/chapter03/introduction.xml +++ b/chapter03/introduction.xml @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ <title>Introduction</title> <?dbhtml filename="introduction.html" dir="chapter04"?> -<para>In this chapter, the partition that is going to host the LFS system is +<para>In this chapter the partition that is going to host the LFS system is prepared. We will create the partition itself, make a file system on it, and mount it.</para> diff --git a/chapter05/whystatic.xml b/chapter05/whystatic.xml index ace5bcbeb..e00b2f8d4 100644 --- a/chapter05/whystatic.xml +++ b/chapter05/whystatic.xml @@ -25,12 +25,13 @@ we call dynamically linked, as the library is loaded and unloaded dynamically, as the program needs it.</para> <para>So now we have a 1 KB file and a 2.5 MB file, but we still haven't saved any -space (except maybe RAM until the library is needed). The REAL advantage to +space (except maybe RAM until the library is needed). The +<emphasis>real</emphasis> advantage of dynamically linked libraries is that we only need one copy of the library. If <filename>ls</filename> and <filename>rm</filename> both use the same library, then we don't need two copies of the library, as they can both get the code from the same file. -Even when in memory, both programs share the same code, rather than loading +Even when in memory, the two programs share the same code, rather than loading duplicates into memory. So not only are we saving hard disk space, but also precious RAM.</para> @@ -46,9 +47,9 @@ need to make sure that the libraries are statically linked when you build them, hence the <userinput>--enable-static-link</userinput>, <userinput>--disable-shared</userinput>, and <userinput>-static</userinput> flags used -through Chapter 5. Once in Chapter 6, the first thing we do is build the +through chapter 5. Once in chapter 6, the first thing we do is build the main set of system libraries, glibc. Once this is made we start rebuilding -all the programs we just did in Chapter 5, but this time dynamically linked, +all the programs we just did in chapter 5, but this time dynamically linked, so that we can take advantage of the space saving opportunities.</para> <para>And there you have it, that's why you need to use those weird diff --git a/chapter06/changingowner.xml b/chapter06/changingowner.xml index 092bf073e..f0bdee09e 100644 --- a/chapter06/changingowner.xml +++ b/chapter06/changingowner.xml @@ -1,16 +1,16 @@ <sect1 id="ch06-changingowner"> -<title>Changing ownership of the LFS partition</title> +<title>Changing ownership</title> <?dbhtml filename="changingowner.html" dir="chapter06"?> -<para>Now we're in chroot, it is a good time to change the ownership of -all files and directories that were installed in chapter 5 back to root. -Run the following commands to do so:</para> +<para>Now we're in chroot, it is time to change the ownership of +the files and directories that were installed in chapter 5 to root. +Run the following command to do so:</para> <para><screen><userinput>chown -R 0:0 /</userinput></screen></para> -<para>This command will change the ownership of the root partition to -root. 0:0 is used instead of the usual root:root, because the username -root can't be resolved because glibc is not yet installed.</para> +<para>This command changes the ownership of the root partition to +root. The command uses 0:0 instead of root:root, because the user name +"root" can't be resolved, as glibc is not installed yet.</para> </sect1> diff --git a/chapter06/chroot.xml b/chapter06/chroot.xml index 43eb646d9..b9f20b3f8 100644 --- a/chapter06/chroot.xml +++ b/chapter06/chroot.xml @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ command.</para> <para>Enter the following commands to enter the chroot'ed environment. From this point on there's no need to use the $LFS variable anymore, because everything a user does will be restricted to the LFS partition (since / is -actually /mnt/lfs but the shell doesn't know that).</para> +actually /mnt/lfs, but the shell doesn't know that).</para> <para><screen>&c6-chrootcmd;</screen></para> diff --git a/chapter06/config-shadowpwd.xml b/chapter06/config-shadowpwd.xml index 6c9c3d876..4f0e84e61 100644 --- a/chapter06/config-shadowpwd.xml +++ b/chapter06/config-shadowpwd.xml @@ -1,12 +1,12 @@ <sect2><title>Configuring Shadow Password Suite</title> -<para>This package contains the utilities to modify user's passwords, add new -users/groups, delete users/groups and more. We're not going to explain -what 'password shadowing' means. All about that can be read in the doc/HOWTO +<para>This package contains utilities to modify users's passwords, add +or delete users and groups, and the like. We're not going to explain +what 'password shadowing' means. A full explanation can be found in the doc/HOWTO file within the unpacked shadow password suite's source tree. There's one -thing you should keep in mind, if you decide to use shadow support, that -programs that need to verify passwords (examples are xdm, ftp daemons, -pop3 daemons, etc) need to be 'shadow-compliant', e.g. they need to +thing to keep in mind if you decide to use shadow support: that +programs that need to verify passwords (for example xdm, ftp daemons, +pop3 daemons) need to be 'shadow-compliant', that is they need to be able to work with shadow'ed passwords.</para> <para>To enable shadow'ed passwords, run the following command:</para> diff --git a/chapter06/config-vim.xml b/chapter06/config-vim.xml index ee4124a2f..e750963d6 100644 --- a/chapter06/config-vim.xml +++ b/chapter06/config-vim.xml @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ <sect2><title>Configuring Vim</title> -<para>By default Vim runs in vi compatible mode. Some people might like this, +<para>By default vim runs in vi compatible mode. Some people might like this, but we have a high preference to run vim in vim mode (else we wouldn't -have included Vim in this book but the original Vi). Create the +have included vim in this book, but the original vi). Create the <filename>/root/.vimrc</filename> by running the following:</para> <para><screen><userinput>cat > /root/.vimrc << "EOF"</userinput> diff --git a/chapter06/creatingdirs.xml b/chapter06/creatingdirs.xml index 09b94e5f3..1eb8a5d2c 100644 --- a/chapter06/creatingdirs.xml +++ b/chapter06/creatingdirs.xml @@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ ln -s ../var/tmp /usr</userinput></screen></para> <para>Normally, directories are created with permission mode 755, which isn't desired for all directories. The first change is a mode 0750 for the /root directory. This is to make sure that not just everybody can -enter the /root directory (the same a user would do with /home/username -directories). The second change is a mode 1777 for the tmp -directories. This way, any user can write data to the /tmp or /var/tmp -directory but cannot remove another user's files (the latter is caused -by the so-called "sticky bit" - bit 1 of the 1777 bit mask).</para> +enter the /root directory (the same a user would do with his /home/username +directory). The second change is a mode 1777 for the tmp +directories. In this way any user can write to the /tmp and /var/tmp +directories, but cannot remove other users's files from them (the latter is prohibited +by the so-called "sticky bit" -- bit 1 in the 1777 bit mask).</para> <para><screen><userinput>chmod 0750 /root && chmod 1777 /tmp /var/tmp</userinput></screen></para> diff --git a/chapter06/glibc-exp.xml b/chapter06/glibc-exp.xml index 6efbae47a..c3e474308 100644 --- a/chapter06/glibc-exp.xml +++ b/chapter06/glibc-exp.xml @@ -36,9 +36,8 @@ been installed yet.</para> <para><userinput>exec /bin/bash:</userinput>This command will start a new bash shell which will replace the current shell. This is done to get rid of the "I have no name!" message in the command -prompt, which was caused by bash's inability to resolve a userid to -a username (which in turn was caused by the missing Glibc -installation).</para> +prompt, which was caused by bash's inability to resolve a user ID to +a user name (which in turn was caused by the absence of Glibc).</para> </sect2> diff --git a/chapter06/kernel-exp-headers.xml b/chapter06/kernel-exp-headers.xml index de1256f3c..525fe0f6b 100644 --- a/chapter06/kernel-exp-headers.xml +++ b/chapter06/kernel-exp-headers.xml @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ <sect2> <title>Why we copy the kernel headers and don't symlink them</title> -<para>In the past, it was common practice for people to symlink the +<para>In the past it was common practice for people to symlink the /usr/include/linux and asm directories to /usr/src/linux/include/linux and asm respectively. This is a <emphasis>bad</emphasis> idea as this extract from a post by Linus Torvalds to the Linux Kernel diff --git a/chapter06/makedev-exp.xml b/chapter06/makedev-exp.xml index 377fc42f9..95e0242d0 100644 --- a/chapter06/makedev-exp.xml +++ b/chapter06/makedev-exp.xml @@ -1,11 +1,11 @@ <sect2> <title>Command explanations</title> -<para><userinput>./MAKEDEV -v generic:</userinput> This creates generic -devices. Normally, these devices are all the devices you need. It's possible +<para><userinput>./MAKEDEV -v generic:</userinput> This creates a whole +bunch of generic devices. Normally, these are all the devices you need. It's possible that you are missing some special devices that are needed for your hardware configuration. Create them with ./MAKEDEV -v <device>. -The <userinput>generic-nopty</userinput> option does a similar job but skips +The <userinput>generic-nopty</userinput> option does a similar job, but skips some devices which are not needed if you are using devpts.</para> </sect2> diff --git a/chapter06/makedev-inst.xml b/chapter06/makedev-inst.xml index 6797a057d..c8654578c 100644 --- a/chapter06/makedev-inst.xml +++ b/chapter06/makedev-inst.xml @@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ ensure you have the devices you need. If you are sure you are going to use devpts however, the other command makes sure that you don't create a set of devices which you don't require.</para> -<para>MAKEDEV will create hda[1-20] to hdh[1-20] and such but keep in mind -that you may not be able to use all of those devices due to kernel -limitations regarding the max. number of partitions.</para> +<para>MAKEDEV will create hda[1-20] to hdh[1-20] and such, but keep in mind +that you may not be able to use all of these devices due to kernel +limits on the maximum number of partitions.</para> </sect2> diff --git a/chapter06/nettools-inst.xml b/chapter06/nettools-inst.xml index 585fa4f05..c1f671f51 100644 --- a/chapter06/nettools-inst.xml +++ b/chapter06/nettools-inst.xml @@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ have enabled in your kernel.</para> <para>The default answers will enable the tools from this package to work with the most common protocols such as TCP, PPP and a bunch of others. You still need to actually enable these protocols in the kernel. What you do -here is merely telling the programs to be able to use those protocols but -it's up to the kernel to make it available to the system.</para> +here is merely telling the programs to be able to use those protocols, but +it's up to the kernel to make them available to the system.</para> </sect2> diff --git a/chapter06/psmisc-inst.xml b/chapter06/psmisc-inst.xml index 32193ace9..a349a4e9b 100644 --- a/chapter06/psmisc-inst.xml +++ b/chapter06/psmisc-inst.xml @@ -9,17 +9,17 @@ make install</userinput></screen></para> <para>Psmisc installs the <filename>/usr/share/man/man1/pidof.1</filename> man page, but Psmisc's -pidof program isn't installed by default. Generally that isn't a problem -because we install the sysvinit package later on which provides us with +pidof program isn't installed by default. Generally this isn't a problem, +because we install the Sysvinit package later on which provides a better pidof program.</para> -<para>It's up to you now to decide if you are going to use the sysvinit +<para>It's up to you now to decide if you are going to use the Sysvinit package which provides a pidof program, or not. If you are going to, you should remove Psmisc's pidof man page by running:</para> <para><screen><userinput>rm /usr/share/man/man1/pidof.1</userinput></screen></para> -<para>If you're not going to use sysvinit, you should complete this +<para>If you're not going to use Sysvinit, you should complete this package's installation by creating the <filename>/bin/pidof</filename> symlink by running:</para> diff --git a/chapter07/network.xml b/chapter07/network.xml index aad5280be..b118be11d 100644 --- a/chapter07/network.xml +++ b/chapter07/network.xml @@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ BROADCAST=192.168.1.255 <para>Of course, the values of those variables have to be changed in every file to match the proper setup. If the ONBOOT variable is set -to yes, the network script will bring it up during boot up of the system. -If set to anything else but yes it will be ignored by the network script +to yes, the network script will bring it up during the booting of the system. +If set to anything else but yes, it will be ignored by the network script and thus not brought up.</para> </sect2> diff --git a/chapter07/usage.xml b/chapter07/usage.xml index 9fb37f6cd..1c7942de1 100644 --- a/chapter07/usage.xml +++ b/chapter07/usage.xml @@ -80,9 +80,9 @@ is running and with which PIDs.</para></listitem> </itemizedlist> -<para>Feel free to modify the way the boot process works (after all it's your -LFS system, not ours). The files here are just an example of how it can be -done in a nice way (well what we consider nice anyway. You may hate it).</para> +<para>Feel free to modify the way the boot process works (after all, it's your +own LFS system). The files given here are just an example of how it can be +done in a nice way (well, what we consider nice -- you may hate it).</para> </sect1> diff --git a/chapter09/theend.xml b/chapter09/theend.xml index 66dabaf26..1ebef59a5 100644 --- a/chapter09/theend.xml +++ b/chapter09/theend.xml @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ <?dbhtml filename="theend.html" dir="chapter09"?> <para>Well done! You have finished installing your LFS system. It may have -been a long process but it was well worth it. We wish you a lot of fun +been a long process, but we hope it was worth it. We wish you a lot of fun with your new shiny custom built Linux system.</para> <para>Now would be a good time to strip all debug symbols from @@ -17,17 +17,17 @@ anymore, which is not an issue if you don't know how to debug.</para> experience any problems. But do make a backup of your LFS system before you run this command. There's a slight chance it may backfire on you and render your system unusable (mostly by destroying your kernel modules -and dynamic & shared libraries). This is more often caused by typo's +and dynamic & shared libraries). This is caused more often by typos than by a problem with the command used.</para> <para>Having said that, the --strip-debug option we use to strip is quite harmless under normal circumstances. It doesn't strip anything vital from the files. It also is quite safe to use --strip-all on regular programs -(don't use that on libraries - they will be destroyed) but it's not as -safe and the space you gain is not all that much. But if you're tight on -disk space every little bit helps, so decide yourself. Please refer to +(don't use that on libraries - they will be destroyed), but it's not as +safe, and the space you gain is not all that much. But if you're tight on +disk space every little bit helps, so decide for yourself. Please refer to the strip man page for other strip options you can use. The general idea -is to not run strip on libraries (other than --strip-debug) just to be +is to not run strip on libraries (other than --strip-debug), just to be on the safe side.</para> <para><screen><userinput>find $LFS/{,usr/,usr/local/}{bin,sbin,lib} -type f \ @@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ <!ENTITY book SYSTEM "book/book.xml"> -<!ENTITY version "20020602"> -<!ENTITY releasedate "June 2nd, 2002"> +<!ENTITY version "20020603"> +<!ENTITY releasedate "June 3rd, 2002"> <!ENTITY ftp-root "ftp://ftp.linuxfromscratch.org"> <!ENTITY http-root "http://ftp.linuxfromscratch.org"> |