diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter05/chapter05.xml | 72 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter05/expect.xml | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter05/findutils.xml | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter05/gcc-pass2.xml | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter05/gettext.xml | 4 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter05/tcl.xml | 14 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter05/utillinux.xml | 3 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/bash.xml | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/findutils.xml | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/inetutils.xml | 16 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | preface/prerequisites.xml | 2 |
11 files changed, 72 insertions, 64 deletions
diff --git a/chapter05/chapter05.xml b/chapter05/chapter05.xml index c79e3d9d5..6cc82baae 100644 --- a/chapter05/chapter05.xml +++ b/chapter05/chapter05.xml @@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ words, more advanced techniques could be used to build the system.</para> <important> <para>Before continuing, you really should be aware of the name of your working platform, often also referred to as the <emphasis>target triplet</emphasis>. For -many folks the target triplet will be, for example: +many folks the target triplet will probably be <emphasis>i686-pc-linux-gnu</emphasis>. A simple way to determine your target triplet is to run the <filename>config.guess</filename> script that comes with the source for many packages. Unpack the Binutils sources and run the script: @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ the source for many packages. Unpack the Binutils sources and run the script: <emphasis>dynamic loader</emphasis>, not to be confused with the standard linker <emphasis>ld</emphasis> that is part of Binutils. The dynamic linker is provided by Glibc and has the job of finding and loading the shared libraries needed by a -program, preparing the program to run and then running it. For most folks, the +program, preparing the program to run and then running it. For most folks the name of the dynamic linker will be <emphasis>ld-linux.so.2</emphasis>. On platforms that are less prevalent, the name might be <emphasis>ld.so.1</emphasis> and newer 64 bit platforms might even have @@ -266,12 +266,13 @@ programs compiled in the next chapter. The programs compiled here are only temporary tools and won't be a part of the final LFS system and by keeping them in a separate directory, we can later easily throw them away.</para> -<para>If later you wish to search through the binaries of your system to see -what files they make use of or link against, then to make this searching easier -you may want to choose a unique name. Instead of the simple "tools" you could -use something like "tools-for-lfs". However, you'll need to be careful to -adjust all references to "tools" throughout the book including those in any -patches, the most notable being the GCC Specs Patch.</para> +<para>Later on you might wish to search through the binaries of your system to +see what files they make use of or link against. To make this searching easier +you may want to choose a unique name for the directory in which the temporary +tools are stored. Instead of the simple "tools" you could use something like +"tools-for-lfs". However, you'll need to be careful to adjust all references to +"tools" throughout the book -- including those in any patches, notably the +GCC Specs Patch.</para> <para>Create the required directory by running the following:</para> @@ -283,17 +284,16 @@ partition:</para> <screen><userinput>ln -s $LFS/tools /</userinput></screen> -<para>This symlink enables us to compile our toolchain so that it always +<note><para>The above command is correct. The <userinput>ln</userinput> command +has a few syntactic variations, so be sure to check the info page before +reporting what you may think is an error.</para></note> + +<para>The created symlink enables us to compile our toolchain so that it always refers to <filename>/tools</filename>, meaning that the compiler, assembler and linker will work both in this chapter (when we are still using some tools from the host) <emphasis>and</emphasis> in the next (when we are chrooted to the LFS partition).</para> -<note><para>Study the above command closely. It can be confusing at first -glance. The <userinput>ln</userinput> command has several syntax variations, -so be sure to check the ln man page before reporting what you may think is an -error.</para></note> - </sect1> @@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ user command:</para> <screen><userinput>su - lfs</userinput></screen> <para>The "<userinput>-</userinput>" instructs <userinput>su</userinput> to -start a new, clean shell.</para> +start a <emphasis>login</emphasis> shell.</para> </sect1> @@ -340,27 +340,29 @@ start a new, clean shell.</para> <?dbhtml filename="settingenvironment.html" dir="chapter05"?> <para>We're going to set up a good working environment by creating two new -startup files for the Bash shell. While logged in as user -<emphasis>lfs</emphasis>, issue the following commands to create a new +startup files for the <userinput>bash</userinput> shell. While logged in as +user <emphasis>lfs</emphasis>, issue the following command to create a new <filename>.bash_profile</filename>:</para> <screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"</userinput> exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash <userinput>EOF</userinput></screen> -<para>The -<userinput>exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash</userinput> -command creates a new instance of Bash with a completely empty environment, -except for the HOME, TERM and PS1 variables. This is needed to ensure that no -unwanted and potentially hazardous environment variables from the host system -leak into our build environment. The technique used here is a little -non-standard but it achieves the goal of enforcing a clean environment. By way -of explanation, the initial shell is a <emphasis>login</emphasis> shell which -reads the <filename>.bash_profile</filename>. The new shell instance is a -<emphasis>non-login</emphasis> shell which reads the -<filename>.bashrc</filename> (created next).</para> - -<para>Now create a new <filename>.bashrc</filename>:</para> +<para>Normally, when you log on as user <emphasis>lfs</emphasis>, +the initial shell is a <emphasis>login</emphasis> shell which reads the +<filename>/etc/profile</filename> of your host (probably containing some +settings of environment variables) and then <filename>.bash_profile</filename>. +The <userinput>exec env -i ... /bin/bash</userinput> command in the latter file +replaces the running shell with a new one with a completely empty environment, +except for the HOME, TERM and PS1 variables. This ensures that no unwanted and +potentially hazardous environment variables from the host system leak into our +build environment. The technique used here is a little strange, but it achieves +the goal of enforcing a clean environment.</para> + +<para>The new instance of the shell is a <emphasis>non-login</emphasis> shell, +which doesn't read the <filename>/etc/profile</filename> or +<filename>.bash_profile</filename> files, but reads the +<filename>.bashrc</filename> file instead. Create this latter file now:</para> <screen><userinput>cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"</userinput> set +h @@ -401,8 +403,8 @@ everything will work as expected in the chroot environment.</para> that, as we move along through this chapter, the tools we build will get used during the rest of the building process.</para> -<para>Finally, source the just-created profile so that we're all set to begin -building the temporary tools that will support us in later chapters.</para> +<para>Finally, to have our environment fully prepared for building the +temporary tools, source the just-created profile:</para> <screen><userinput>source ~/.bash_profile</userinput></screen> @@ -436,10 +438,10 @@ pass of Binutils. From this point onwards everything will link <emphasis>only <note><para>If you somehow missed the earlier warning to retain the Binutils source and build directories from the first pass or otherwise accidentally deleted them or just don't have access to them, don't worry, all is not lost. -Just ignore the above command. The result is a small chance of subsequent -programs linking against libraries on the host. This is not ideal, however, +Just ignore the above command. The result is a small chance of the subsequent +testing programs linking against libraries on the host. This is not ideal, but it's not a major problem. The situation is corrected when we install the -second pass of Binutils later on.</para></note> +second pass of Binutils a bit further on.</para></note> <para>Now that the adjusted linker is installed, you have to remove the Binutils build and source directories.</para> diff --git a/chapter05/expect.xml b/chapter05/expect.xml index 64e6ad34e..003a2a1f7 100644 --- a/chapter05/expect.xml +++ b/chapter05/expect.xml @@ -45,10 +45,10 @@ libraries, both of which may possibly reside on the host system.</para></listite <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen> <para>This package has a test suite available which can perform a number of -checks to ensure it built correctly. However, the Expect test suite here in -Chapter 5 is known to experience failures under certain host conditions that +checks to ensure it built correctly. However, the Expect test suite +is known to experience failures under certain host conditions that are not fully understood. Therefore, test suite failures here are not -surprising, but are not considered critical. Should you choose to run the test +surprising, and are not considered critical. Should you choose to run the test suite, the following command will do so:</para> <screen><userinput>make test</userinput></screen> diff --git a/chapter05/findutils.xml b/chapter05/findutils.xml index c635e0b2e..2d4d4db4a 100644 --- a/chapter05/findutils.xml +++ b/chapter05/findutils.xml @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Estimated required disk space: &findutils-compsize-tools;</screen> <sect2><title> </title><para> </para></sect2> <sect2> -<title>Installing Findutils</title> +<title>Installation of Findutils</title> <para>Prepare Findutils for compilation:</para> diff --git a/chapter05/gcc-pass2.xml b/chapter05/gcc-pass2.xml index b00a99878..0e368c38a 100644 --- a/chapter05/gcc-pass2.xml +++ b/chapter05/gcc-pass2.xml @@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ ensures that our new dynamic linker gets used during the actual build of GCC. That is, all the final (and temporary) binaries created during the build will link against the new Glibc.</para> -<important><para>These patches are <emphasis>critical</emphasis> in ensuring a -successful overall build. Do not forget to apply them.</para></important> +<important><para>The above patches are <emphasis>critical</emphasis> in ensuring +a successful overall build. Do not forget to apply them.</para></important> <para>Create a separate build directory again:</para> diff --git a/chapter05/gettext.xml b/chapter05/gettext.xml index 4f3706587..ae32f4166 100644 --- a/chapter05/gettext.xml +++ b/chapter05/gettext.xml @@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ Estimated required disk space: &gettext-compsize-tools;</screen> <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen> <para>This package has a test suite available which can perform a number of -checks to ensure it built correctly. However, the Gettext test suite here in -Chapter 5 is known to experience failures under certain host conditions -- for +checks to ensure it built correctly. However, the Gettext test suite is known +to experience failures under certain host conditions -- for example, if it finds a Java compiler on the host (Note: an experimental patch to disable Java is available from the patches project). The Gettext test suite takes a very long time to run and is not considered critical. Therefore, diff --git a/chapter05/tcl.xml b/chapter05/tcl.xml index fd2aca6ae..ed5ecef61 100644 --- a/chapter05/tcl.xml +++ b/chapter05/tcl.xml @@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ following command will do so:</para> <listitem><para><userinput>TZ=UTC</userinput>: This sets the time zone to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) also known as Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), but only for the duration of the test suite run. This ensures the clock tests are -exercised correctly. More information on the TZ environment variable is -available later on in <xref linkend="chapter07"/>.</para></listitem> +exercised correctly. More information on the TZ environment variable will be +given later on in <xref linkend="chapter07"/>.</para></listitem> </itemizedlist> <para>Sometimes, package test suites will give false failures. You can @@ -57,9 +57,15 @@ throughout the book.</para> <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen> -<important><para><emphasis>Do not remove</emphasis> the +<!-- HACK - Force some whitespace to appease tidy --> +<literallayout></literallayout> + +<warning><para><emphasis>Do not remove</emphasis> the <filename>tcl&tcl-version;</filename> source directory yet, as the next package -will need its internal headers.</para></important> +will need its internal headers.</para></warning> + +<!-- HACK - Force some whitespace to appease tidy --> +<literallayout></literallayout> <para>Make a necessary symbolic link:</para> diff --git a/chapter05/utillinux.xml b/chapter05/utillinux.xml index babbdcd2e..845bc53db 100644 --- a/chapter05/utillinux.xml +++ b/chapter05/utillinux.xml @@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ Estimated required disk space: &util-linux-compsize-tools;</screen> <title>Installation of Util-linux</title> <para>Util-linux doesn't use the freshly installed headers and libraries from -the /tools directory. This is fixed by altering the configure script:</para> +the <filename>/tools</filename> directory. This is fixed by altering the +configure script:</para> <screen><userinput>cp configure configure.backup sed "s@/usr/include@/tools/include@g" configure.backup > configure</userinput></screen> diff --git a/chapter06/bash.xml b/chapter06/bash.xml index b0c6611eb..52e95dace 100644 --- a/chapter06/bash.xml +++ b/chapter06/bash.xml @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ patch:</para> <screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&bash-patch;</userinput></screen> -<para>Prepare Bash for compilation:</para> +<para>Now prepare Bash for compilation:</para> <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin</userinput></screen> diff --git a/chapter06/findutils.xml b/chapter06/findutils.xml index 4b3ec4d22..1041a20ab 100644 --- a/chapter06/findutils.xml +++ b/chapter06/findutils.xml @@ -15,17 +15,16 @@ Estimated required disk space: &findutils-compsize;</screen> <sect2><title> </title><para> </para></sect2> <sect2> -<title>Installing Findutils</title> +<title>Installation of Findutils</title> <para>Prepare Findutils for compilation:</para> <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/lib/locate</userinput></screen> -<para>By default, the location of the updatedb database is in -<filename>/usr/var</filename>. To make the location of -<filename>/var/lib/misc/locatedb</filename> file FHS compliant, pass the -<emphasis>--localstatedir=/var/lib/misc</emphasis> option to -<userinput>configure</userinput>.</para> +<para>The default location for the <emphasis>locate</emphasis> database is +<filename>/usr/var</filename>. To make the location of this database +FHS-compliant, add <emphasis>--localstatedir=/var/lib/misc</emphasis> +to the above configure options.</para> <para>Compile the package:</para> diff --git a/chapter06/inetutils.xml b/chapter06/inetutils.xml index c15d82aab..d78416bcd 100644 --- a/chapter06/inetutils.xml +++ b/chapter06/inetutils.xml @@ -23,25 +23,25 @@ pages anyway. The following patch will correct this situation:</para> <para>Now prepare Inetutils for compilation:</para> -<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --disable-syslogd \ - --libexecdir=/usr/sbin --disable-logger \ +<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/sbin \ --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var \ + --disable-logger --disable-syslogd \ --disable-whois --disable-servers</userinput></screen> <para>The meaning of the configure options:</para> <itemizedlist> -<listitem><para><userinput>--disable-syslogd</userinput>: This option -prevents inetutils from installing the System Log Daemon, which is -installed with the Sysklogd package.</para></listitem> - <listitem><para><userinput>--disable-logger</userinput>: This option -prevents inetutils from installing the logger program, which is used by +prevents Inetutils from installing the logger program, which is used by scripts to pass messages to the System Log Daemon. We do not install it because Util-linux installs a better version later.</para></listitem> +<listitem><para><userinput>--disable-syslogd</userinput>: This option +prevents Inetutils from installing the System Log Daemon, which is +installed with the Sysklogd package.</para></listitem> + <listitem><para><userinput>--disable-whois</userinput>: This option disables -the building of the inetutils whois client, which is woefully out of date. +the building of the Inetutils whois client, which is woefully out of date. Instructions for a better whois client are in the BLFS book.</para></listitem> <listitem><para><userinput>--disable-servers</userinput>: This disables the diff --git a/preface/prerequisites.xml b/preface/prerequisites.xml index dd26a9969..9ba2308d7 100644 --- a/preface/prerequisites.xml +++ b/preface/prerequisites.xml @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ system, you should read the following HOWTOs:</para> <listitem><para>Software-Building-HOWTO</para> <para>This is a comprehensive guide to building and installing "generic" -UNIX software distributions under Linux. This HOWTO is available at +Unix software distributions under Linux. This HOWTO is available at <ulink url="&tldp-root;HOWTO/Software-Building-HOWTO.html"/>.</para></listitem> <listitem><para>The Linux Users' Guide</para> |