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diff --git a/chapter03/chapter03.xml b/chapter03/chapter03.xml index 4d2ce7dca..8b6f3b173 100644 --- a/chapter03/chapter03.xml +++ b/chapter03/chapter03.xml @@ -2,9 +2,134 @@ <title>Preparing a new partition</title> <?dbhtml filename="chapter03.html" dir="chapter03"?> -&c3-introduction; -&c3-creatingpart; -&c3-creatingfs; -&c3-mounting; + +<sect1 id="ch03-introduction"> +<title>Introduction</title> +<?dbhtml filename="introduction.html" dir="chapter03"?> + +<para>In this chapter the partition which will host the LFS system is +prepared. We will create the partition itself, make a file system on it, +and mount it.</para> + +</sect1> + + +<sect1 id="ch03-creatingpart"> +<title>Creating a new partition</title> +<?dbhtml filename="creatingpart.html" dir="chapter03"?> + +<para>In order to build our new Linux system, we will need some space: +an empty disk partition. If you don't have a free partition, and no room +on any of your hard disks to make one, then you could build LFS on the +same partition as the one on which your current distribution is installed. +This procedure is not recommended for your first LFS install, but if you +are short on disk space, and you feel brave, take a look at the hint at +<ulink url="&hints-root;lfs_next_to_existing_systems.txt"/>.</para> + +<para>For a minimal system you will need a partition of around 1.2 GB. +This is enough to store all the source tarballs and compile all the packages. +But if you intend to use the LFS system as your primary Linux system, you +will probably want to install additional software, and will need more space +than this, probably around 2 or 3 GB.</para> + +<para>As we almost never have enough RAM in our box, it is a good idea to +use a small disk partition as swap space -- this space is used by the kernel +to store seldom-used data to make room in memory for more urgent stuff. +The swap partition for your LFS system can be the same one as for your host +system, so you won't have to create another if your host system already uses +a swap partition.</para> + +<para>Start a disk partitioning program such as <userinput>cfdisk</userinput> +or <userinput>fdisk</userinput> with an argument naming the hard disk upon +which the new partition must be created -- for example +<filename>/dev/hda</filename> for the primary IDE disk. Create a Linux native +partition and a swap partition, if needed. Please refer to the man pages of +<userinput>cfdisk</userinput> or <userinput>fdisk</userinput> if you don't yet +know how to use the programs.</para> + +<para>Remember the designation of your new partition -- something like +<filename>hda5</filename>. This book will refer to it as the LFS partition. +If you (now) also have a swap partition, remember its designation too. These +names will later be needed for the <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> file.</para> + +</sect1> + + +<sect1 id="ch03-creatingfs"> +<title>Creating a file system on the new partition</title> +<?dbhtml filename="creatingfs.html" dir="chapter03"?> + +<para>Now that we have a blank partition, we can create a file system on it. +Most widely used in the Linux world is the second extended file system (ext2), +but with the high-capacity hard disks of today the so-called journaling file +systems are becoming increasingly popular. Here we will create an ext2 file +system, but build instructions for other file systems can be found at <ulink +url="&blfs-root;view/stable/postlfs/filesystems.html"/>.</para> + +<para>To create an ext2 file system on the LFS partition run the following:</para> + +<screen><userinput>mke2fs /dev/xxx</userinput></screen> + +<para>Replace <filename>xxx</filename> with the name of the LFS partition +(something like <filename>hda5</filename>).</para> + +<para>If you created a (new) swap partition you need to initialize it as a +swap partition too (also known as formatting, like you did above with +<userinput>mke2fs</userinput>) by running:</para> + +<screen><userinput>mkswap /dev/yyy</userinput></screen> + +<para>Replace <filename>yyy</filename> with the name of the swap +partition.</para> + +</sect1> + + +<sect1 id="ch03-mounting"> +<title>Mounting the new partition</title> +<?dbhtml filename="mounting.html" dir="chapter03"?> + +<para>Now that we've created a file system, we want to be able to access +the partition. For that, we need to mount it, and have to choose a mount +point. In this book we assume that the file system is mounted under +<filename>/mnt/lfs</filename>, but it doesn't matter what directory +you choose.</para> + +<para>Choose a mount point and assign it to the LFS environment variable +by running:</para> + +<screen><userinput>export LFS=/mnt/lfs</userinput></screen> + +<para>Now create the mount point and mount the LFS file system by running:</para> + +<screen><userinput>mkdir -p $LFS +mount /dev/xxx $LFS</userinput></screen> + +<para>Replace <filename>xxx</filename> with the designation of the LFS +partition.</para> + +<para>If you have decided to use multiple partitions for LFS (say one for +<filename>/</filename> and another for <filename>/usr</filename>), mount +them like this:</para> + +<screen><userinput>mkdir -p $LFS +mount /dev/xxx $LFS +mkdir $LFS/usr +mount /dev/yyy $LFS/usr</userinput></screen> + +<para>Of course, replace <filename>xxx</filename> and <filename>yyy</filename> +with the appropriate partition names.</para> + +<para>You should also ensure that this new partition is not mounted with +permissions that are too restrictive (such as the nosuid, nodev or noatime +options). You can run the <userinput>mount</userinput> command without any +parameters to see with what options the LFS partition is mounted. If +you see nosuid, nodev or noatime, you will need to remount it.</para> + +<para>Now that we've made ourselves a place to work in, we're ready to download +the packages.</para> + +</sect1> + </chapter> |