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Diffstat (limited to 'chapter05/gcc-inst.xml')
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1 files changed, 85 insertions, 8 deletions
diff --git a/chapter05/gcc-inst.xml b/chapter05/gcc-inst.xml index cc3d011f7..1de7f2a99 100644 --- a/chapter05/gcc-inst.xml +++ b/chapter05/gcc-inst.xml @@ -1,3 +1,5 @@ +<sect2><title> </title><para> </para></sect2> + <sect2> <title>Installation of GCC</title> @@ -11,17 +13,92 @@ that override default optimizations, such as CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS, we recommend unsetting or modifying them when building GCC. You have been warned.</para> -<para>Install GCC by running the following commands:</para> +<para>It is recommended by the GCC installation documentation to build +GCC outside of the source directory in a dedicated directory:</para> + +<para><screen><userinput>mkdir ../gcc-build +cd ../gcc-build</userinput></screen></para> + +<para>Prepare GCC to be compiled:</para> -<para><screen><userinput>mkdir ../gcc-build && -cd ../gcc-build && -../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/static \ +<para><screen><userinput>../gcc-&gcc-version;/configure --prefix=/static \ --disable-nls --disable-shared \ --with-as=$LFS/static/bin/as \ - --with-ld=$LFS/static/bin/ld && -make BOOT_LDFLAGS="-static" bootstrap && -make prefix=$LFS/static install-no-fixedincludes && -ln -s gcc $LFS/static/bin/cc</userinput></screen></para> + --with-ld=$LFS/static/bin/ld</userinput></screen></para> + +<para>The meaning of the configure options are:</para> + +<itemizedlist> +<listitem><para><userinput>--prefix=/static:</userinput> This is NOT a +typo. GCC hard codes some paths while compiling and so we need to pass +<filename class="directory">/static</filename> as the prefix during the +configure stage. We pass the real install prefix during the installation +stage later on.</para></listitem> + +<listitem><para><userinput>--disable-shared:</userinput> This prevents the +build of dynamic libraries. They are useless to us at the moment. We'll +create them when we reinstall GCC in chapter 6.</para></listitem> + +<listitem><para><userinput>--with-as=$LFS/static/bin/as and +--with-ld=$LFS/static/bin/ld:</userinput> GCC can be miscompiled if your +host distribution's Binutils package is quite old. We need a good working +static GCC until we reinstall GCC later in chapter 6. So by using +<filename>as</filename> and <filename>ld</filename> from the Binutils +package we compiled earlier in this chapter we ensure that GCC will work +correctly.</para></listitem> +</itemizedlist> + +<para>Continue with compiling the package:</para> + +<para><screen><userinput>make BOOT_LDFLAGS="-static" bootstrap</userinput></screen></para> + +<para>The meaning of the make options are:</para> + +<itemizedlist> +<listitem><para><userinput>BOOT_LDFLAGS="-static":</userinput> This is +GCC's equivalent to make LDFLAGS="-static" as we use with other packages to +compile them statically.</para></listitem> + +<listitem><para><userinput>bootstrap:</userinput> The +<emphasis>bootstrap</emphasis> target doesn't just compile GCC, but it +compiles GCC a second time. It uses the first compiled programs to compile +itself a second and third time to make sure the compiler compiled properly +and can compile itself properly.</para></listitem> +</itemizedlist> + +<para>And finish off installing the package:</para> + +<para><screen><userinput>make prefix=$LFS/static install-no-fixedincludes</userinput></screen></para> + +<para>The meaning of the make option is:</para> + +<itemizedlist> +<listitem><para><userinput>install-no-fixedincludes:</userinput> This prevents +the fixincludes script from running. Preventing this is necessary because +under normal circumstances the GCC installation will run the fixincludes +script which scans your system for header files that need to be fixed. It +might find that the Glibc header files of your host system need to be fixed. +If so, it will fix them and put them in +<filename>$LFS/static/lib/gcc-lib/i686-pc-linux-gnu/3.2</filename>. Later on +in chapter 6 you will install Glibc which will put its header files in +<filename>/usr/include</filename>. Next you will install other programs that +use the Glibc headers. GCC will look in +<filename>/static/lib/gcc-lib</filename> before looking in +<filename>/usr/include</filename>, with the result of finding and using the +fixed Glibc header files from your host distribution, which are probably +incompatible with the Glibc version actually used on the LFS +system.</para></listitem> +</itemizedlist> + +<para>As the finishing touch we'll create the <filename +class="symlink">$LFS/static/bin/cc</filename> symlink. A lot of programs +and scripts try to run <userinput>cc</userinput> instead of +<userinput>gcc</userinput> This is to keep programs generic and usable on +all kinds of Unix systems. Not everybody has GNU CC installed. Just running +cc (C Compiler) leaves the user free to decide which C compiler to install. +The symlink will point to the system's default compiler.</para> + +<para><screen><userinput>ln -s gcc $LFS/static/bin/cc</userinput></screen></para> </sect2> |