diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'chapter06/gcc.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/gcc.xml | 626 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 626 deletions
diff --git a/chapter06/gcc.xml b/chapter06/gcc.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9e4c53ec5..000000000 --- a/chapter06/gcc.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,626 +0,0 @@ -<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> -<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" - "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ - <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent"> - %general-entities; -]> - -<sect1 id="ch-system-gcc" role="wrap"> - <?dbhtml filename="gcc.html"?> - - <sect1info condition="script"> - <productname>gcc</productname> - <productnumber>&gcc-version;</productnumber> - <address>&gcc-url;</address> - </sect1info> - - <title>GCC-&gcc-version;</title> - - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc"> - <primary sortas="a-GCC">GCC</primary> - </indexterm> - - <sect2 role="package"> - <title/> - - <para>The GCC package contains the GNU compiler collection, which includes - the C and C++ compilers.</para> - - <segmentedlist> - <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> - <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle> - - <seglistitem> - <seg>&gcc-ch6-sbu;</seg> - <seg>&gcc-ch6-du;</seg> - </seglistitem> - </segmentedlist> - - </sect2> - - <sect2 role="installation"> - <title>Installation of GCC</title> - - <para>If building on x86_64, change the default directory name for 64-bit - libraries to <quote>lib</quote>:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in - x86_64) - sed -e '/m64=/s/lib64/lib/' \ - -i.orig gcc/config/i386/t-linux64 - ;; -esac</userinput></screen> - - <para>The GCC documentation recommends building GCC in a dedicated build directory:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build -cd build</userinput></screen> - - <para>Prepare GCC for compilation:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \ - LD=ld \ - --enable-languages=c,c++ \ - --disable-multilib \ - --disable-bootstrap \ - --with-system-zlib</userinput></screen> - - <para>Note that for other languages, there are some prerequisites that - are not yet available. See the - <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/gcc.html">BLFS Book</ulink> - for instructions on how to build all of GCC's supported languages.</para> - - <variablelist> - <title>The meaning of the new configure parameter:</title> - - <varlistentry> - <term><parameter>--with-system-zlib</parameter></term> - <listitem> - <para>This switch tells GCC to link to the system installed copy of - the Zlib library, rather than its own internal copy.</para> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - </variablelist> - - <para>Compile the package:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen> - - <important> - <para>In this section, the test suite for GCC is considered - critical. Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para> - </important> - - <para>One set of tests in the GCC test suite is known to exhaust the stack, - so increase the stack size prior to running the tests:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="test">ulimit -s 32768</userinput></screen> - - <para>Test the results as a non-privileged user, but do not stop at errors:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="test">chown -Rv tester . -su tester -c "PATH=$PATH make -k check"</userinput></screen> - - <para>To receive a summary of the test suite results, run:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="test">../contrib/test_summary</userinput></screen> - - <para>For only the summaries, pipe the output through - <userinput>grep -A7 Summ</userinput>.</para> - - <para>Results can be compared with those located at <ulink - url="&test-results;"/> and - <ulink url="https://gcc.gnu.org/ml/gcc-testresults/"/>.</para> - - <para>Six tests related to get_time are known to fail. These are - apparently related to the en_HK locale.</para> - - <para>Two tests named lookup.cc and reverse.cc in experimental/net - are known to fail in LFS chroot environment because they require - /etc/hosts and iana-etc.</para> - - <para>A few unexpected failures cannot always be avoided. The GCC developers - are usually aware of these issues, but have not resolved them yet. - Unless the test results are vastly different from those at the above URL, - it is safe to continue.</para> - - <!--note><para> - On some combinations of kernel configuration and AMD processors - there may be more than 1100 failures in the gcc.target/i386/mpx - tests (which are designed to test the MPX option on recent - Intel processors). These can safely be ignored on AMD - processors. These tests will also fail on Intel processors if MPX support - is not enabled in the kernel even though it is present on the CPU. - </para></note--> - - <para>Install the package and remove an unneeded directory:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="install">make install -rm -rf /usr/lib/gcc/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/&gcc-version;/include-fixed/bits/</userinput></screen> - - <para>The GCC build directory is owned by <systemitem class="username"> - tester</systemitem> now and the ownership of the installed header - directory (and its content) will be incorrect. Change the ownership to - <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user and group:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="install">chown -v -R root:root \ - /usr/lib/gcc/*linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include{,-fixed}</userinput></screen> - - <para>Create a symlink required by the <ulink - url="https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/FHS_3.0/fhs/ch03s09.html">FHS</ulink> - for "historical" reasons.</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="install">ln -sv ../usr/bin/cpp /lib</userinput></screen> - <!-- already done earlier - <para>Many packages use the name <command>cc</command> to call the C - compiler. To satisfy those packages, create a symlink:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="install">ln -sv gcc /usr/bin/cc</userinput></screen> - --> - <para>Add a compatibility symlink to enable building programs with - Link Time Optimization (LTO):</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="install">install -v -dm755 /usr/lib/bfd-plugins -ln -sfv ../../libexec/gcc/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/&gcc-version;/liblto_plugin.so \ - /usr/lib/bfd-plugins/</userinput></screen> - - <para>Now that our final toolchain is in place, it is important to again ensure - that compiling and linking will work as expected. We do this by performing - the same sanity checks as we did earlier in the chapter:</para> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='a'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='b'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='c'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='d'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='e'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='f'])"/> - -<screen><computeroutput>/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/crt1.o succeeded -/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/crti.o succeeded -/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/../../../../lib/crtn.o succeeded</computeroutput></screen> - - <para>Depending on your machine architecture, the above may differ slightly, - the difference usually being the name of the directory - after <filename class="directory">/usr/lib/gcc</filename>. The important - thing to look for here is that <command>gcc</command> has found all three - <filename>crt*.o</filename> files under the - <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> directory.</para> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='g'])"/> - -<screen><userinput>grep -B4 '^ /usr/include' dummy.log</userinput></screen> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='h'])"/> - -<screen><computeroutput>#include <...> search starts here: - /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include - /usr/local/include - /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include-fixed - /usr/include</computeroutput></screen> - - <para>Again, note that the directory named after your target triplet may be - different than the above, depending on your architecture.</para> - -<!-- This appears to be obsolete - - <note><para>As of version 4.3.0, GCC now unconditionally installs the - <filename>limits.h</filename> file into the private - <filename class="directory">include-fixed</filename> directory, and that - directory is required to be in place.</para></note> ---> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='i'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='j'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='k'])"/> - -<screen><computeroutput>SEARCH_DIR("/usr/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/lib64") -SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib64") -SEARCH_DIR("/lib64") -SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib64") -SEARCH_DIR("/usr/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/lib") -SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib") -SEARCH_DIR("/lib") -SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");</computeroutput></screen> - - <para>A 32-bit system may see a few different directories. For example, here - is the output from an i686 machine:</para> - -<screen><computeroutput>SEARCH_DIR("/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib32") -SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib32") -SEARCH_DIR("/lib32") -SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib32") -SEARCH_DIR("/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib") -SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib") -SEARCH_DIR("/lib") -SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");</computeroutput></screen> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='l'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='m'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='n'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='o'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='p'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='q'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='r'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='s'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='t'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='u'])"/> - - <xi:include xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" - href="adjusting.xml" - xpointer="xpointer(//*[@os='v'])"/> - - <para>Finally, move a misplaced file:</para> - -<screen><userinput remap="install">mkdir -pv /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib -mv -v /usr/lib/*gdb.py /usr/share/gdb/auto-load/usr/lib</userinput></screen> - - </sect2> - - <sect2 id="contents-gcc" role="content"> - <title>Contents of GCC</title> - - <segmentedlist> - <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> - <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle> - <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle> - - <seglistitem> - <seg>c++, cc (link to gcc), cpp, g++, gcc, - gcc-ar, gcc-nm, gcc-ranlib, gcov, gcov-dump, and gcov-tool</seg> - - <seg>libasan.{a,so}, libatomic.{a,so}, libcc1.so, libgcc.a, libgcc_eh.a, - libgcc_s.so, libgcov.a, libgomp.{a,so}, libitm.{a,so}, - liblsan.{a,so}, liblto_plugin.so, - libquadmath.{a,so}, libssp.{a,so}, libssp_nonshared.a, - libstdc++.{a,so}, libstdc++fs.a, libsupc++.a, libtsan.{a,so}, - and libubsan.{a,so}</seg> - - <seg>/usr/include/c++, /usr/lib/gcc, /usr/libexec/gcc, and - /usr/share/gcc-&gcc-version;</seg> - </seglistitem> - </segmentedlist> - - <variablelist> - <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead> - <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?> - <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?> - - <varlistentry id="c"> - <term><command>c++</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>The C++ compiler</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc c"> - <primary sortas="b-c++">c++</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="cc"> - <term><command>cc</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>The C compiler</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cc"> - <primary sortas="b-cc">cc</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="cpp"> - <term><command>cpp</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>The C preprocessor; it is used by the compiler to expand the - #include, #define, and similar statements in the source files</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc cpp"> - <primary sortas="b-cpp">cpp</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="g"> - <term><command>g++</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>The C++ compiler</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc g"> - <primary sortas="b-g++">g++</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="gcc"> - <term><command>gcc</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>The C compiler</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc"> - <primary sortas="b-gcc">gcc</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="gcc-ar"> - <term><command>gcc-ar</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>A wrapper around <command>ar</command> that adds a - plugin to the command line. This program is only used - to add "link time optimization" and is not useful with the - default build options</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc-ar"> - <primary sortas="b-gcc-ar">gc-ar</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="gcc-nm"> - <term><command>gcc-nm</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>A wrapper around <command>nm</command> that adds a - plugin to the command line. This program is only used - to add "link time optimization" and is not useful with the - default build options</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc-nm"> - <primary sortas="b-gcc-nm">gc-nm</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="gcc-ranlib"> - <term><command>gcc-ranlib</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>A wrapper around <command>ranlib</command> that adds a - plugin to the command line. This program is only used - to add "link time optimization" and is not useful with the - default build options</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcc-ranlib"> - <primary sortas="b-gcc-ranlib">gc-ranlib</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="gcov"> - <term><command>gcov</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>A coverage testing tool; it is used to analyze programs to - determine where optimizations will have the most effect</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov"> - <primary sortas="b-gcov">gcov</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="gcov-dump"> - <term><command>gcov-dump</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Offline gcda and gcno profile dump tool</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov-dump"> - <primary sortas="b-gcov-dump">gcov-dump</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="gcov-tool"> - <term><command>gcov-tool</command></term> - <listitem> - <para>Offline gcda profile processing tool</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc gcov-tool"> - <primary sortas="b-gcov-tool">gcov-tool</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="libasan"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libasan</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The Address Sanitizer runtime library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libasan"> - <primary sortas="b-libasan">libasan</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="libatomic"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libatomic</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>GCC atomic built-in runtime library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libatomic"> - <primary sortas="b-libatomic">libatomic</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="libcc1"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcc1</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The C preprocessing library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libcc1"> - <primary sortas="b-libcc1">libcc1</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="libgcc"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcc</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>Contains run-time support for <command>gcc</command></para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcc"> - <primary sortas="c-libgcc">libgcc</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="libgcov"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgcov</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>This library is linked in to a program when GCC is instructed - to enable profiling</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgcov"> - <primary sortas="c-libgcov">libgcov</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="libgomp"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libgomp</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>GNU implementation of the OpenMP API for multi-platform - shared-memory parallel programming in C/C++ and Fortran</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libgomp"> - <primary sortas="c-libgomp">libgomp</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="liblsan"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">liblsan</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The Leak Sanitizer runtime library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc liblsan"> - <primary sortas="c-liblsan">liblsan</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="liblto_plugin"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">liblto_plugin</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>GCC's Link Time Optimization (LTO) plugin allows GCC to perform - optimizations across compilation units</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc liblto_plugin"> - <primary sortas="c-liblto_plugin">liblto_plugin</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="libquadmath"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libquadmath</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>GCC Quad Precision Math Library API</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libquadmath"> - <primary sortas="c-libquadmath">libquadmath</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="libssp"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libssp</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>Contains routines supporting GCC's stack-smashing protection - functionality</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libssp"> - <primary sortas="c-libssp">libssp</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="libstdc"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The standard C++ library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdc"> - <primary sortas="c-libstdc++">libstdc++</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="libstdcfs"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libstdc++fs</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>ISO/IEC TS 18822:2015 Filesystem library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libstdcfs"> - <primary sortas="c-libstdc++fs">libstdc++fs</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="libsupc"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsupc++</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>Provides supporting routines for the C++ programming - language</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libsupc"> - <primary sortas="c-libsupc++">libsupc++</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="libtsan"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libtsan</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The Thread Sanitizer runtime library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libtsan"> - <primary sortas="c-libtsan">libtsan</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry id="libubsan"> - <term><filename class="libraryfile">libubsan</filename></term> - <listitem> - <para>The Undefined Behavior Sanitizer runtime library</para> - <indexterm zone="ch-system-gcc libubsan"> - <primary sortas="c-libubsan">libubsan</primary> - </indexterm> - </listitem> - </varlistentry> - - </variablelist> - - </sect2> - -</sect1> |