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Diffstat (limited to 'chapter06/shadowpwd.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/shadowpwd.xml | 108 |
1 files changed, 106 insertions, 2 deletions
diff --git a/chapter06/shadowpwd.xml b/chapter06/shadowpwd.xml index f6238c0b1..d61415e08 100644 --- a/chapter06/shadowpwd.xml +++ b/chapter06/shadowpwd.xml @@ -7,7 +7,111 @@ Estimated required disk space: &shadow-compsize;</screen> &aa-shadowpwd-shortdesc; &aa-shadowpwd-dep; -&c6-shadowpwd-inst; -&c6-cf-shadowpwd; + +<sect2><title> </title><para> </para></sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>Installation of Shadow</title> + +<para>The <userinput>login</userinput>, <userinput>getty</userinput> and +<userinput>init</userinput> programs (and some others) maintain a number +of logfiles to record who are and who were logged in to the system. These +programs, however, don't create these logfiles when they don't exist, so if +you want this logging to occur you will have to create the files yourself. +The Shadow package needs to detect these files in their proper place, so we +create them now, with their proper permissions:</para> + +<screen><userinput>touch /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp} +chmod 644 /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}</userinput></screen> + +<para>The <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> file lists the users that are +currently logged in, the <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file who +<emphasis>were</emphasis> logged in and when. +The <filename>/var/log/lastlog</filename> file shows for each user when he +or she last logged in, and the <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename> lists the +bad login attempts.</para> + +<para>Shadow hard-wires the path to the <userinput>passwd</userinput> binary +within the binary itself, but does this the wrong way. If a +<userinput>passwd</userinput> binary is not present before installing Shadow, +the package incorrectly assumes it is going to be located at +<filename>/bin/passwd</filename>, but then installs it in +<filename>/usr/bin/passwd</filename>. This will lead to errors about not finding +<filename>/bin/passwd</filename>. To work around this bug, create a dummy +<filename>passwd</filename> file, so that it gets hard-wired properly:</para> + +<screen><userinput>touch /usr/bin/passwd</userinput></screen> + +<para>The current Shadow suite has a problem that causes the +<userinput>newgrp</userinput> command to fail. The following patch (also +appearing in Shadow's CVS code) fixes this problem:</para> + +<screen><userinput>patch -Np1 -i ../&shadow-patch;</userinput></screen> + +<para>Now prepare Shadow for compilation:</para> + +<screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared</userinput></screen> + +<para>Compile the package:</para> + +<screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen> + +<para>And install it:</para> + +<screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen> + +<para>Shadow uses two files to configure authentication settings for the +system. Install these two config files:</para> + +<screen><userinput>cp etc/{limits,login.access} /etc</userinput></screen> + +<para>We want to change the password method to enable MD5 passwords which are +theoretically more secure than the default "crypt" method and also allow +password lengths greater than 8 characters. We also need to change the old +<filename class="directory">/var/spool/mail</filename> location for user +mailboxes to the current location at +<filename class="directory">/var/mail</filename>. We do this by changing the +relevant configuration file while copying it to its destination:</para> + +<screen><userinput>sed -e 's%/var/spool/mail%/var/mail%' \ + -e 's%#MD5_CRYPT_ENAB.no%MD5_CRYPT_ENAB yes%' \ + etc/login.defs.linux > /etc/login.defs</userinput></screen> + +<note><para>Be extra careful when typing all of the above. It is probably safer +to cut-and-paste it rather than try and type it all in.</para></note> + +<para>According to the man page of <userinput>vipw</userinput>, a +<userinput>vigr</userinput> program should exist too. Since the installation +procedure doesn't create this program, create a symlink manually:</para> + +<screen><userinput>ln -s vipw /usr/sbin/vigr</userinput></screen> + +<para>As the <filename>/bin/vipw</filename> symlink is redundant (and even +pointing to a non-existent file), remove it:</para> + +<screen><userinput>rm /bin/vipw</userinput></screen> + +<para>Now move the <userinput>sg</userinput> program to its proper place:</para> + +<screen><userinput>mv /bin/sg /usr/bin</userinput></screen> + +<para>And move Shadow's dynamic libraries to a more appropriate location:</para> + +<screen><userinput>mv /usr/lib/lib{shadow,misc}.so.0* /lib</userinput></screen> + +<para>As some packages expect to find the just-moved libraries in +<filename>/usr/lib</filename>, create the following symlinks:</para> + +<screen><userinput>ln -sf ../../lib/libshadow.so.0 /usr/lib/libshadow.so +ln -sf ../../lib/libmisc.so.0 /usr/lib/libmisc.so</userinput></screen> + +<para>Coreutils has already installed a <userinput>groups</userinput> program +in <filename>/usr/bin</filename>. If you wish, you can remove the one +installed by Shadow:</para> + +<screen><userinput>rm /bin/groups</userinput></screen> + +</sect2> </sect1> + |