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Diffstat (limited to 'chapter06/util-linux.xml')
| -rw-r--r-- | chapter06/util-linux.xml | 554 |
1 files changed, 2 insertions, 552 deletions
diff --git a/chapter06/util-linux.xml b/chapter06/util-linux.xml index 37ca200d9..ab65e24e7 100644 --- a/chapter06/util-linux.xml +++ b/chapter06/util-linux.xml @@ -10,9 +10,6 @@ <indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux"><primary sortas="a-Util-linux">Util-linux</primary></indexterm> <sect2 role="package"><title/> -<para>The Util-linux package contains miscellaneous utility programs. Among -them are utilities for handling file systems, consoles, partitions, and -messages.</para> <segmentedlist> <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle> @@ -20,20 +17,12 @@ messages.</para> <seglistitem><seg>0.2 SBU</seg><seg>16 MB</seg></seglistitem> </segmentedlist> -<segmentedlist> -<segtitle>Util-linux installation depends on</segtitle> -<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, -Diffutils, GCC, Gettext, Glibc, Grep, Make, Ncurses, Sed, Zlib</seg></seglistitem> -</segmentedlist> </sect2> <sect2 role="installation"> <title>FHS compliance notes</title> -<para>The FHS recommends that we use <filename class="directory">/var/lib/hwclock</filename>, -instead of the usual <filename class="directory">/etc</filename>, as the location for the -<filename>adjtime</filename> file. To make the <command>hwclock</command> -program FHS-compliant, run the following:</para> +<para>Issue a sed sustitution:</para> <screen><userinput>sed -i 's@etc/adjtime@var/lib/hwclock/adjtime@g' hwclock/hwclock.c mkdir -p /var/lib/hwclock</userinput></screen> @@ -51,25 +40,6 @@ mkdir -p /var/lib/hwclock</userinput></screen> <screen><userinput>make HAVE_KILL=yes HAVE_SLN=yes</userinput></screen> -<para>The meaning of the make parameters:</para> - -<variablelist> -<varlistentry> -<term><parameter>HAVE_KILL=yes</parameter></term> -<listitem><para>This prevents the -<command>kill</command> program (already installed by Procps) from being -built and installed again.</para></listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry> -<term><parameter>HAVE_SLN=yes</parameter></term> -<listitem><para>This prevents the -<command>sln</command> program (a statically linked -<command>ln</command> already installed by Glibc) from being built and -installed again.</para></listitem> -</varlistentry> -</variablelist> - <para>Now install the package:</para> <screen><userinput>make HAVE_KILL=yes HAVE_SLN=yes install</userinput></screen> @@ -79,527 +49,7 @@ installed again.</para></listitem> <sect2 id="contents-utillinux" role="content"><title>Contents of Util-linux</title> -<segmentedlist> -<segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle> -<seglistitem><seg>agetty, arch, blockdev, cal, cfdisk, chkdupexe, col, colcrt, -colrm, column, ctrlaltdel, cytune, ddate, dmesg, elvtune, fdformat, fdisk, -fsck.cramfs, fsck.minix, getopt, hexdump, hwclock, ipcrm, ipcs, isosize, line, -logger, look, losetup, mcookie, mkfs, mkfs.bfs, mkfs.cramfs, mkfs.minix, mkswap, -more, mount, namei, pg, pivot_root, ramsize (link to rdev), raw, rdev, readprofile, -rename, renice, rev, rootflags (link to rdev), script, setfdprm, setsid, setterm, -sfdisk, swapoff (link to swapon), swapon, tunelp, ul, umount, vidmode (link to rdev), -whereis and write</seg></seglistitem> -</segmentedlist> - -<variablelist><title>Short descriptions</title> - -<varlistentry id="agetty"> -<term><command>agetty</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux agetty"><primary sortas="b-agetty">agetty</primary></indexterm> -<para>opens a tty port, prompts for a login name, -and then invokes the <command>login</command> program.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="arch"> -<term><command>arch</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux arch"><primary sortas="b-arch">arch</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the machine's architecture.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="blockdev"> -<term><command>blockdev</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux blockdev"><primary sortas="b-blockdev">blockdev</primary></indexterm> -<para>allows you to call block device ioctls from the command line.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="cal"> -<term><command>cal</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux cal"><primary sortas="b-cal">cal</primary></indexterm> -<para>displays a simple calendar.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="cfdisk"> -<term><command>cfdisk</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux cfdisk"><primary sortas="b-cfdisk">cfdisk</primary></indexterm> -<para>is used to manipulate the partition table of the given device.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="chkdupexe"> -<term><command>chkdupexe</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux chkdupexe"><primary sortas="b-chkdupexe">chkdupexe</primary></indexterm> -<para>finds duplicate executables.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="col"> -<term><command>col</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux col"><primary sortas="b-col">col</primary></indexterm> -<para>filters out reverse line feeds.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="colcrt"> -<term><command>colcrt</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux colcrt"><primary sortas="b-colcrt">colcrt</primary></indexterm> -<para>is used to filter nroff output for terminals -that lack some capabilities such as overstriking and half-lines.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="colrm"> -<term><command>colrm</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux colrm"><primary sortas="b-colrm">colrm</primary></indexterm> -<para>filters out the given columns.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="column"> -<term><command>column</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux column"><primary sortas="b-column">column</primary></indexterm> -<para>formats a given file into multiple columns.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="ctrlaltdel"> -<term><command>ctrlaltdel</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ctrlaltdel"><primary sortas="b-ctrlaltdel">ctrlaltdel</primary></indexterm> -<para>sets the function of the Ctrl+Alt+Del key combination to a hard or a -soft reset.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="cytune"> -<term><command>cytune</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux cytune"><primary sortas="b-cytune">cytune</primary></indexterm> -<para>was used to tune the parameters of the -serial line drivers for Cyclades cards.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="ddate"> -<term><command>ddate</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ddate"><primary sortas="b-ddate">ddate</primary></indexterm> -<para>gives the Discordian date, or converts the -given Gregorian date to a Discordian one.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="dmesg"> -<term><command>dmesg</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux dmesg"><primary sortas="b-dmesg">dmesg</primary></indexterm> -<para>dumps the kernel boot messages.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="elvtune"> -<term><command>elvtune</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux elvtune"><primary sortas="b-elvtune">elvtune</primary></indexterm> -<para>can be used to tune the performance -and interactivity of a block device.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="fdformat"> -<term><command>fdformat</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fdformat"><primary sortas="b-fdformat">fdformat</primary></indexterm> -<para>low-level formats a floppy disk.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="fdisk"> -<term><command>fdisk</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fdisk"><primary sortas="b-fdisk">fdisk</primary></indexterm> -<para>could be used to manipulate the partition table of the given device.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="fsck.cramfs"> -<term><command>fsck.cramfs</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fsck.cramfs"><primary sortas="b-fsck.cramfs">fsck.cramfs</primary></indexterm> -<para>performs a consistency check on the -Cramfs file system on the given device.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="fsck.minix"> -<term><command>fsck.minix</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux fsck.minix"><primary sortas="b-fsck.minix">fsck.minix</primary></indexterm> -<para>performs a consistency check on the -Minix file system on the given device.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="getopt"> -<term><command>getopt</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux getopt"><primary sortas="b-getopt">getopt</primary></indexterm> -<para>parses options in the given command line.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="hexdump"> -<term><command>hexdump</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux hexdump"><primary sortas="b-hexdump">hexdump</primary></indexterm> -<para>dumps the given file in hexadecimal, or in another given format.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="hwclock"> -<term><command>hwclock</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux hwclock"><primary sortas="b-hwclock">hwclock</primary></indexterm> -<para>is used to read or set the system's hardware clock, also called the RTC -(Real-Time Clock) or BIOS (Basic Input-Output System) clock.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="ipcrm"> -<term><command>ipcrm</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ipcrm"><primary sortas="b-ipcrm">ipcrm</primary></indexterm> -<para>removes the given IPC resource.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="ipcs"> -<term><command>ipcs</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ipcs"><primary sortas="b-ipcs">ipcs</primary></indexterm> -<para>provides IPC status information.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="isosize"> -<term><command>isosize</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux isosize"><primary sortas="b-isosize">isosize</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the size of an iso9660 file system.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="line"> -<term><command>line</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux line"><primary sortas="b-line">line</primary></indexterm> -<para>copies a single line.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="logger"> -<term><command>logger</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux logger"><primary sortas="b-logger">logger</primary></indexterm> -<para>enters the given message into the system log.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="look"> -<term><command>look</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux look"><primary sortas="b-look">look</primary></indexterm> -<para>displays lines that begin with the given string.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="losetup"> -<term><command>losetup</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux losetup"><primary sortas="b-losetup">losetup</primary></indexterm> -<para>is used to set up and control loop devices.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="mcookie"> -<term><command>mcookie</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mcookie"><primary sortas="b-mcookie">mcookie</primary></indexterm> -<para>generates magic cookies, 128-bit random hexadecimal numbers, -for <command>xauth</command>.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="mkfs"> -<term><command>mkfs</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkfs"><primary sortas="b-mkfs">mkfs</primary></indexterm> -<para>is used to build a file system on a device -(usually a hard disk partition).</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="mkfs.bfs"> -<term><command>mkfs.bfs</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkfs.bfs"><primary sortas="b-mkfs.bfs">mkfs.bfs</primary></indexterm> -<para>creates an SCO (Santa Cruz Operations) bfs file system.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="mkfs.cramfs"> -<term><command>mkfs.cramfs</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkfs.cramfs"><primary sortas="b-mkfs.cramfs">mkfs.cramfs</primary></indexterm> -<para>creates a cramfs file system.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="mkfs.minix"> -<term><command>mkfs.minix</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkfs.minix"><primary sortas="b-mkfs.minix">mkfs.minix</primary></indexterm> -<para>creates a Minix file system.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="mkswap"> -<term><command>mkswap</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mkswap"><primary sortas="b-mkswap">mkswap</primary></indexterm> -<para>initializes the given device or file to be used as a swap area.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="more"> -<term><command>more</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux more"><primary sortas="b-more">more</primary></indexterm> -<para>is a filter for paging through text one -screen full at a time. But <command>less</command> is much better.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="mount"> -<term><command>mount</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux mount"><primary sortas="b-mount">mount</primary></indexterm> -<para>attaches the file system on the given device to a specified directory (thus -hiding the contents of that directory) in the file-system tree.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="namei"> -<term><command>namei</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux namei"><primary sortas="b-namei">namei</primary></indexterm> -<para>shows the symbolic links in the given pathnames.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="pg"> -<term><command>pg</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux pg"><primary sortas="b-pg">pg</primary></indexterm> -<para>displays a text file one screen full at a time.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="pivot_root"> -<term><command>pivot_root</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux pivot_root"><primary sortas="b-pivot_root">pivot_root</primary></indexterm> -<para>makes the given file system the new -root file system of the current process.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="ramsize"> -<term><command>ramsize</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ramsize"><primary sortas="b-ramsize">ramsize</primary></indexterm> -<para>is used to set the size of the RAM disk in a bootable image.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="rdev"> -<term><command>rdev</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux rdev"><primary sortas="b-rdev">rdev</primary></indexterm> -<para>is used to query and set the root -device and other things in a bootable image.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="readprofile"> -<term><command>readprofile</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux readprofile"><primary sortas="b-readprofile">readprofile</primary></indexterm> -<para>reads kernel profiling information.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="rename"> -<term><command>rename</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux rename"><primary sortas="b-rename">rename</primary></indexterm> -<para>renames the given files, replacing a given string with another.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="renice"> -<term><command>renice</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux renice"><primary sortas="b-renice">renice</primary></indexterm> -<para>is used to alter the priority of running processes.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="rev"> -<term><command>rev</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux rev"><primary sortas="b-rev">rev</primary></indexterm> -<para>reverses the lines of a given file.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="rootflags"> -<term><command>rootflags</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux rootflags"><primary sortas="b-rootflags">rootflags</primary></indexterm> -<para>is used to set the rootflags in a bootable image.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="script"> -<term><command>script</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux script"><primary sortas="b-script">script</primary></indexterm> -<para>makes a typescript of a terminal session, of everything printed to -the terminal.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="setfdprm"> -<term><command>setfdprm</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux setfdprm"><primary sortas="b-setfdprm">setfdprm</primary></indexterm> -<para>sets user-provided floppy disk parameters.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="setsid"> -<term><command>setsid</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux setsid"><primary sortas="b-setsid">setsid</primary></indexterm> -<para>runs the given program in a new session.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="setterm"> -<term><command>setterm</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux setterm"><primary sortas="b-setterm">setterm</primary></indexterm> -<para>is used to set terminal attributes.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="sfdisk"> -<term><command>sfdisk</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux sfdisk"><primary sortas="b-sfdisk">sfdisk</primary></indexterm> -<para>is a disk partition table manipulator.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="swapdev"> -<term><command>swapdev</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux swapdev"><primary sortas="b-swapdev">swapdev</primary></indexterm> -<para>is used to set the swap device in a bootable image.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="swapoff"> -<term><command>swapoff</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux swapoff"><primary sortas="b-swapoff">swapoff</primary></indexterm> -<para>disables devices and files for paging and swapping.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="swapon"> -<term><command>swapon</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux swapon"><primary sortas="b-swapon">swapon</primary></indexterm> -<para>enables devices and files for paging and swapping.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="tunelp"> -<term><command>tunelp</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux tunelp"><primary sortas="b-tunelp">tunelp</primary></indexterm> -<para>is used to tune the parameters of the line printer.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="ul"> -<term><command>ul</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux ul"><primary sortas="b-ul">ul</primary></indexterm> -<para>is a filter for translating underscores into -escape sequences indicating underlining for the terminal in use.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="umount"> -<term><command>umount</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux umount"><primary sortas="b-umount">umount</primary></indexterm> -<para>disconnects a file system from the system's file tree.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="vidmode"> -<term><command>vidmode</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux vidmode"><primary sortas="b-vidmode">vidmode</primary></indexterm> -<para>could be used to set the video mode in a bootable image.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="whereis"> -<term><command>whereis</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux whereis"><primary sortas="b-whereis">whereis</primary></indexterm> -<para>reports the location of binary, the -source, and the manual page for the given command.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> - -<varlistentry id="write"> -<term><command>write</command></term> -<listitem> -<indexterm zone="ch-system-util-linux write"><primary sortas="b-write">write</primary></indexterm> -<para>sends a message to the given user, -<emphasis>if</emphasis> that user has not disabled such messages.</para> -</listitem> -</varlistentry> -</variablelist> +<para>See testing</para> </sect2> |