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diff --git a/chapter08/kernel.xml b/chapter08/kernel.xml index 007827c13..87d533864 100644 --- a/chapter08/kernel.xml +++ b/chapter08/kernel.xml @@ -10,7 +10,118 @@ Estimated required disk space: &kernel-compsize;</screen> &aa-kernel-down; &aa-kernel-dep; -&c8-kernel-inst; +<sect2><title> </title><para> </para></sect2> + +<sect2> +<title>Installation of the kernel</title> + +<para>Building the kernel involves a few steps: configuration, compilation, and +installation. If you don't like the way this book configures the kernel, view +the <filename>README</filename> file in the kernel source tree for alternative +methods.</para> + +<para>Prepare for compilation by running the following command:</para> + +<screen><userinput>make mrproper</userinput></screen> + +<para>This ensures that the kernel tree is absolutely clean. The kernel team +recommends that this command be issued prior to <emphasis>each</emphasis> +kernel compilation. You shouldn't rely on the source tree being clean after +untarring.</para> + +<para>Configure the kernel via a menu-driven interface:</para> + +<screen><userinput>make menuconfig</userinput></screen> + +<para><userinput>make oldconfig</userinput> may be more appropriate in some +situations. See the <filename>README</filename> file for more +information.</para> + +<para>If you wish, you may skip kernel configuration by simply copying the +kernel config file, <filename>.config</filename>, from your host system +(assuming it is available) to the unpacked <filename +class="directory">linux-&kernel-version;</filename> directory. However, we +don't recommend this option. You're much better off exploring all the +configuration menus and creating your own kernel configuration from +scratch.</para> + +<para>For POSIX shared memory support, ensure that the kernel config option +"Virtual memory file system support" is enabled. It resides within the +"File systems" menu and is normally enabled by default.</para> + +<para>Verify dependencies and create dependency information files:</para> + +<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc dep</userinput></screen> + +<para>Compile the kernel image:</para> + +<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc bzImage</userinput></screen> + +<para>Compile the drivers which have been configured as modules:</para> + +<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc modules</userinput></screen> + +<para>If you intend to use kernel modules, you will need an +<filename>/etc/modules.conf</filename> file. Information pertaining +to modules and to kernel configuration in general may be found in the +kernel documentation, which is found in the +<filename>linux-&kernel-version;/Documentation</filename> directory. The +modules.conf man page and the kernel HOWTO at +<ulink url="&tldp-root;HOWTO/Kernel-HOWTO.html"/> may also be of +interest to you.</para> + +<para>Install the modules:</para> + +<screen><userinput>make CC=/opt/gcc-2.95.3/bin/gcc modules_install</userinput></screen> + +<para>As nothing is complete without documentation, build the manual pages +that come with the kernel:</para> + +<screen><userinput>make mandocs</userinput></screen> + +<para>And install these pages:</para> + +<screen><userinput>cp -a Documentation/man /usr/share/man/man9</userinput></screen> + +<para>Kernel compilation has finished but more steps are required to complete +the installation. Some files need to be copied to the <filename>/boot</filename> +directory.</para> + +<para>The path to the kernel image may vary depending on the platform you're +using. Issue the following command to install the kernel:</para> + +<screen><userinput>cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/lfskernel</userinput></screen> + +<para><filename>System.map</filename> is a symbol file for the kernel. It maps +the function entrypoints of every function in the kernel API, as well as the +addresses of the kernel data structures for the running kernel. Issue the +following command to install the map file:</para> + +<screen><userinput>cp System.map /boot</userinput></screen> + +<para><filename>.config</filename> is the kernel configuration file that was +produced by the <command>make menuconfig</command> step above. It contains all +the config selections for the kernel that was just compiled. It's a good idea +to keep this file for future reference:</para> + +<screen><userinput>cp .config /boot/config-lfskernel</userinput></screen> + +<para>It is important to note that the files in the kernel source directory are +not owned by <emphasis>root</emphasis>. Whenever you unpack a package as user +<emphasis>root</emphasis> (like we did here inside chroot), the files end up +having the user and group IDs of whatever they were on the packager's computer. +This is usually not a problem for any other package you install because you +remove the source tree after the installation. But the Linux source tree is +often kept around for a long time, so there's a chance that whatever user ID +the packager used will be assigned to somebody on your machine and then that +person would have write access to the kernel source.</para> + +<para>If you are going to keep the kernel source tree around, you may want to +run <userinput>chown -R 0:0</userinput> on the +<filename>linux-&kernel-version;</filename> directory to ensure all files are +owned by user <emphasis>root</emphasis>.</para> + +</sect2> &aa-kernel-shortdesc; &aa-kernel-desc; |