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<sect2><title> </title><para> </para></sect2>
<sect2><title>Short descriptions</title>
<para><command>chage</command> is used to change the maximum number of
days between obligatory password changes.</para>
<para><command>chfn</command> is used to change a user's full name and
some other info.</para>
<para><command>chpasswd</command> is used to update the passwords of a
whole series of user accounts in one go.</para>
<para><command>chsh</command> is used to change a user's default
login shell.</para>
<para><command>dpasswd</command> is used to change dial-up passwords for
user login shells.</para>
<para><command>expiry</command> checks and enforces the current password
expiration policy.</para>
<para><command>faillog</command> is used to examine the log of login
failures, to set a maximum number of failures before an account is blocked,
or to reset the failure count.</para>
<para><command>gpasswd</command> is used to add and delete members and
administrators to groups.</para>
<para><command>groupadd</command> creates a group with the given
name.</para>
<para><command>groupdel</command> deletes the group with the given
name.</para>
<para><command>groupmod</command> is used to modify the given group's
name or GID.</para>
<para><command>groups</command> reports the groups of which the given
users are members.</para>
<para><command>grpck</command> verifies the integrity of the group files,
<filename>/etc/group</filename> and <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename>.</para>
<para><command>grpconv</command> creates or updates the shadow group file
from the normal group file.</para>
<para><command>grpunconv</command> updates <filename>/etc/group</filename>
from <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename> and then deletes the latter.</para>
<para><command>lastlog</command> reports the most recent login of all
users, or of a given user.</para>
<para><command>login</command> is used by the system let users sign on.</para>
<para><command>logoutd</command> is a daemon used to enforce restrictions
on log-on time and ports.</para>
<para><command>mkpasswd</command> encrypts the given password using the
also given perturbation.</para>
<para><command>newgrp</command> is used to change the current GID during
a login session.</para>
<para><command>newusers</command> is used to create or update a whole
series of user accounts in one go.</para>
<para><command>passwd</command> is used to change the password for a user
or group account.</para>
<para><command>pwck</command> verifies the integrity of the password files,
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>.</para>
<para><command>pwconv</command> creates or updates the shadow password file
from the normal password file.</para>
<para><command>pwunconv</command> updates <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>
from <filename>/etc/shadow</filename> and then deletes the latter.</para>
<para><command>sg</command> executes a given command while the user's GID
is set to that of the given group.</para>
<para><command>useradd</command> creates a new user with the given name,
or updates the default new-user information.</para>
<para><command>userdel</command> deletes the given user account.</para>
<para><command>usermod</command> is used to modify the given user's
login name, UID, shell, initial group, home directory, and the like.</para>
<para><command>vigr</command> can be used to edit the
<filename>/etc/group</filename> or <filename>/etc/gshadow</filename>
files.</para>
<para><command>vipw</command> can be used to edit the
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> or <filename>/etc/shadow</filename>
files.</para>
<para><command>libmisc</command>...</para>
<para><command>libshadow</command> contains functions used by most
programs in this package.</para>
</sect2>
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